公开(公告)号：US5522046A

公开(公告)日：1996-05-28

申请号：US253868

申请日：1994-06-03

Applicant: Robert J. McMillen ,  M. Cameron Watson ,  David J. Chura

Inventor： Robert J. McMillen ,  M. Cameron Watson ,  David J. Chura

IPC: G06F13/00 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G06F11/00 ,  G06F11/20 ,  G06F11/22 ,  G06F13/36 ,  G06F15/173 ,  G06F13/12 ,  G06F13/14

CPC classification number: G06F11/2005 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G06F11/1423 ,  G06F11/22 ,  H04L49/1515 ,  H04L49/358 ,  H04L49/552 ,  H04L49/555 ,  H04L49/557 ,  H04Q3/68 ,  G06F11/2007 ,  G06F2201/85 ,  H04Q2213/13332

Abstract: A multistage interconnect network (MIN) capable of supporting massive parallel processing, including point-to-point and multicast communications between processor modules (PMs) which are connected to the input and output ports of the network. The network is built using interconnected switch nodes arranged in 2 log.sub.b N stages, wherein b is the number of switch node input/output ports, N is the number of network input/output ports and log.sub.b N indicates a ceiling function providing the smallest integer not less than log.sub.b N. The additional stages provide additional paths between network input ports and network output ports, thereby enhancing fault tolerance and lessening contention.

Abstract translation: 能够支持大规模并行处理的多级互连网络（MIN），包括连接到网络的输入和输出端口的处理器模块（PM）之间的点对点和多点通信。 网络采用互联交换节点构建，分布在2个logB N阶段，其中b为交换节点输入/输出端口数，N为网络输入/输出端口数，logb为N，表示提供最小整数的上限功能 小于logb N.额外的阶段提供网络输入端口和网络输出端口之间的附加路径，从而增强容错和减少争用。

公开(公告)号：US5473438A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-05

申请号：US295809

申请日：1994-09-02

Applicant: Heimo Keranen ,  Pasi Pietarinen ,  Tapani Alajarvi ,  Veli Vali

Inventor： Heimo Keranen ,  Pasi Pietarinen ,  Tapani Alajarvi ,  Veli Vali

IPC: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/51 ,  G01N21/31

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0235 ,  G01J3/0237 ,  G01J3/51 ,  G01J3/513 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01J2003/064 ,  G01N21/474

Abstract: The intensity 2 of radiation coming from an object 1 to be measured and illuminated by collimated radiation is measured at several wavelengths by focusing the radiation, via a lens 4 and a planar mirror 6, on a detector group 3 having several detector elements (3a to 3d). The radiation coming from the object is directed by the lens and the mirror such that, by rotating the mirror, tilted at a small angle with respect to its axis 5, around this axis and by keeping the radiation on the surface of the mirror, the focus F of radiation is moved in a detector plane D along an uninterrupted circular path R crossing each detector element positioned substantially in the same plane and excited at a different wavelength.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / FI93 / 00104 Sec。 371日期：1994年9月2日 102（e）1994年9月2日PCT PCT 1993年3月19日PCT公布。 公开号WO93 / 19350 PCT 日期：1993年9月30日。通过将透镜4和平面镜6聚焦在检测器组3上，通过将辐射聚焦在几个波长上，测量来自待测物体1的准直辐射照射的辐射的强度2 具有若干检测器元件（3a至3d）。 来自物体的辐射由透镜和反射镜引导，使得通过旋转反射镜，围绕该轴线以相对于其轴线5以小角度倾斜并且通过将辐射保持在反射镜的表面上， 辐射的焦点F沿着不连续的圆形路径R在检测器平面D中移动，每个检测器元件基本上位于相同的平面中并以不同的波长被激发。

公开(公告)号：US5457530A

公开(公告)日：1995-10-10

申请号：US290231

申请日：1994-08-15

Applicant: Yoshiroh Nagai

Inventor： Yoshiroh Nagai

IPC: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J2003/1273 ,  G01J3/0229

Abstract: A multi-slit type spectrometer includes a diffractor by which an incident light is diffracted according to wavelengths; an optical shutter array member including a plurality of optical shutter elements arranged in correspondence with wavelength bands diffracted by the diffractor, operable to transmit an incident ray according to an applied voltage, and made of PLZT. Each optical shutter element is applied with a voltage corresponding to the band of the ray incident upon the optical shutter element at a specified timing so that the ray passes through the optical shutter element. The spectrometer further includes a photosensor to convert the ray passed through the optical shutter element to an electrical signal, and a calculator to calculate the intensity of the incident ray for each band in accordance with the electrical signal output from the photosensor and the specified applying timing.

Abstract translation: 多狭缝型光谱仪包括：入射光根据波长衍射的衍射体; 一个光学快门阵列部件，包括与由衍射器衍射的波长带相对应地布置的多个光学快门元件，可操作以根据所施加的电压传输入射光线，并由PLZT制成。 每个光学快门元件在指定的时刻施加与入射到光学快门元件上的光线的波段相对应的电压，使得光线通过光学快门元件。 光谱仪还包括光电传感器，用于将通过光学快门元件的光线转换成电信号，以及计算器，用于根据从光传感器输出的电信号和指定的施加定时计算每个频带的入射光线强度 。

公开(公告)号：US5303383A

公开(公告)日：1994-04-12

申请号：US900731

申请日：1992-08-14

Applicant: Philip M. Neches ,  Robert J. McMillen ,  M. Cameron Watson ,  David J. Chura

Inventor： Philip M. Neches ,  Robert J. McMillen ,  M. Cameron Watson ,  David J. Chura

IPC: G06F13/00 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G06F11/00 ,  G06F11/20 ,  G06F11/22 ,  G06F13/36 ,  G06F15/173

CPC classification number: G06F11/2005 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G06F11/1423 ,  G06F11/22 ,  H04L49/1515 ,  H04L49/358 ,  H04L49/552 ,  H04L49/555 ,  H04L49/557 ,  H04Q3/68 ,  G06F11/2007 ,  G06F2201/85 ,  H04Q2213/13332

Abstract: A multistage interconnect network (MIN) capable of supporting massive parallel processing, including point-to-point and multicast communications between processor modules (PMs) which are connected to the input and output ports of the network. The network is built using interconnected switch nodes arranged in 2 log.sub.b N stages, wherein b is the number of switch node input/output ports, N is the number of network input/output ports and log.sub.b N indicates a ceiling function providing the smallest integer not less than log.sub.b N. The additional stages provide additional paths between network input ports and network output ports, thereby enhancing fault tolerance and lessening contention.

Abstract translation: 能够支持大规模并行处理的多级互连网络（MIN），包括连接到网络的输入和输出端口的处理器模块（PM）之间的点对点和多点通信。 网络采用互联交换节点构建，分布在2个logB N阶段，其中b为交换节点输入/输出端口数，N为网络输入/输出端口数，logb为N，表示提供最小整数的上限功能 小于logb N.额外的阶段提供网络输入端口和网络输出端口之间的附加路径，从而增强容错和减少争用。

公开(公告)号：US5231462A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-27

申请号：US840863

申请日：1992-02-25

Applicant: Tsing Dschen

Inventor： Tsing Dschen

IPC: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01J3/433

CPC classification number: G01J3/433 ,  G01J2003/063 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01N2201/069

Abstract: A spectrophotometer useful for measuring absorption or emission bands of a substance irradiated with optical radiation, comprises a light source for producing the optical radiation, a monochromator for isolating light of wavelength (W) from the optical radiation and which modulates the wavelength (W) by a predetermined wavelength amplitude (.delta.W), and a photodetector for detecting the intensity of light passing through the monochromator and for producing a measuring signal in response thereto. The monochromator operates under the control of an electronic control unit which produces a control signal that causes the monochromator to scan across a portion of the spectrum of the optical radiation at a frequency (f.sub.2) to transmit a narrow band of radiation at the wavelength (W). The control unit includes a modulation generator which produces a signal that causes the monochromator to modulate the wavelength (W) by the predetermined wavelength amplitude (.delta.W) at a frequency (f.sub.1). The spectrophotometer also includes an electronic evaluation unit which amplifies an a.c. component of the measuring signal that is attributable to the wavelength modulation in synchronization with the signal produced by the modulation generator. In one preferred embodiment, the monochromator comprises a diffraction grating and a drive unit which causes the diffraction to rotate about a pivot axis and which superimposes an oscillatory motion on the rotational movement. In another preferred embodiment, the monochromator comprises a Fabry-Perot resonator and a drive unit which adjusts the optical length of the Fabry-Perot resonator under the control of the control unit.

Abstract translation: 可用于测量用光辐射照射的物质的吸收或发射带的分光光度计包括用于产生光学辐射的光源，用于隔离来自光学辐射的波长（W）的光的单色仪，并且通过 预定波长幅度（ΔW）和用于检测通过单色仪的光的强度并用于响应于此产生测量信号的光电检测器。 单色仪在电子控制单元的控制下操作，该电子控制单元产生一个控制信号，该控制信号使单色仪以频率（f2）扫描光辐射的一部分光谱，以将波长（W ）。 控制单元包括一个调制发生器，该调制发生器产生一个使单色仪在频率（f1）下将波长（W）调制预定波长振幅（ΔW）的信号。 分光光度计还包括一个电子评估单元，其放大一个等 与由调制发生器产生的信号同步的归因于波长调制的测量信号的分量。 在一个优选实施例中，单色仪包括衍射光栅和驱动单元，该驱动单元使衍射围绕枢转轴线旋转并且在旋转运动上叠加振荡运动。 在另一个优选实施例中，单色仪包括法布里 - 珀罗谐振器和驱动单元，其在控制单元的控制下调节法布里 - 珀罗谐振器的光学长度。

公开(公告)号：US5149959A

公开(公告)日：1992-09-22

申请号：US685614

申请日：1991-04-15

Applicant: William E. Collins ,  Sheng-Huei Chang ,  Mark J. Westfield

Inventor： William E. Collins ,  Sheng-Huei Chang ,  Mark J. Westfield

IPC: G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J5/48 ,  G01V8/02 ,  G01V8/10

CPC classification number: G01V8/02 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/2803

Abstract: A multichannel imaging spectrometer for low speed, low altitude airborne geological, geophysical and environmental surveys, particularly adapted to provide detector limited noise threshold. An optical scanner employs a rotating polygon allowing reduced scan optics with increased data acquisition efficiency. Scan speeds from 5 to 50 scan/sec with up to 2048 pixels per scan are available. Multiple spectrometers integrally registered allow channelization of the received signal to optimize noise performance in the range from ultraviolet through infrared. Output data is in a form for recording and real time display. All channels are acquired simultaneously resulting in perfect band-to-band registration with continuous spectral curves for each pixel.

公开(公告)号：US4971439A

公开(公告)日：1990-11-20

申请号：US302061

申请日：1989-01-18

Applicant: James R. Brown

Inventor： James R. Brown

IPC: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J2003/063 ,  G01J2003/066 ,  G01J2003/068 ,  G01J2003/1273 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: A calibration method and apparatus for economical and rapid calibration of a scientific instrument utilizing a monochromator to generate monochromatic light utilizing controllable means for determining the angular position of a light dispersing element in the monochromator and a filter having a narrow absorption band(s) to determine a relationship between the wavelength of the monochromatic light generated by the monochromator and an angular position of the dispersing element so that the dispersing element can be rotated to an exact position for the monochromator to generate a selected wavelength of monochromatic light.

Abstract translation: 一种用于经济和快速校准科学仪器的校准方法和装置，利用单色仪产生单色光，利用可控装置来确定单色仪中的光分散元件的角位置和具有窄吸收带的滤光片，以确定 由单色仪产生的单色光的波长与分散元件的角度位置之间的关系，使得分散元件可以旋转到用于单色仪的精确位置以产生所选择的单色光的波长。

公开(公告)号：US4969740A

公开(公告)日：1990-11-13

申请号：US354151

申请日：1989-05-19

Applicant: Yoji Sonobe

Inventor： Yoji Sonobe

IPC: G01J3/06 ,  G01J1/08 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J1/08 ,  G01J2003/283 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01J2003/2879 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/42

Abstract: A dispersion-type spectral element designed for reflecting an incident sample light is rotated by a drive mechaism. The sample light reflected by the element is applied to a sample-light receiving device. The device converts the light into a first signal representing the intensity of the sample light. Reference light consisting of beams having various wavelengths over a broad range is supplied from a reference light source to the spectral element. Further, standard light consisting of one beam of a known wavelength is also supplied from a standard light source to the spectral element. The reference light reflected by the element is applied to a reference-light receiving device. The reference-light receiving device converts the reference light into a second signal representing the intensity of the light. An etalon is located in the optical path between the spectral element and the reference-light receiving device. The standard light reflected by the element is applied to the standard-light receiving device. The standard-light receiving device converts the standard light into a third signal representing the intensity of the standard light. An arithmetic unit receives the first, second, and third signals separately, and obtains from the second and third signals a wavelength scale used for calculating from the first signal the wavelength of the sample light.

公开(公告)号：US4930891A

公开(公告)日：1990-06-05

申请号：US275362

申请日：1988-11-23

Applicant: Tatsumi Sato

Inventor： Tatsumi Sato

IPC: G01J3/06

CPC classification number: G01J3/06

Abstract: In quantitative analysis of a sample by using the spectrum thereof by means of a spectrophotometer, at a specific wavelength or in a specific wavelength range where a quantitative determination is to be conducted, wavelength scanning is temporarily stopped or its speed is slowed down so as to obtain spectral data from the sample, so that the accuracy of the data obtained is improved. In the wavelength range where no quantitative determination is to be conducted, the scanning operation is conducted at an ordinary relatively fast speed, so that the total time required for the analysis will not be lengthened.

Abstract translation: 在通过分光光度计使用其光谱的定量分析中，在要进行定量测定的特定波长或特定波长范围内，波长扫描暂时停止或其速度减慢，从而 从样本获取光谱数据，从而提高获得的数据的准确性。 在不进行定量测定的波长范围内，扫描动作以普通的相对较快的速度进行，使得分析所需的总时间不会延长。

公开(公告)号：US4867563A

公开(公告)日：1989-09-19

申请号：US788084

申请日：1985-10-15

Applicant: John H. Wurm ,  Lyle R. Middendorf ,  William W. Biggs

Inventor： John H. Wurm ,  Lyle R. Middendorf ,  William W. Biggs

IPC: G01J3/00 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J2003/1828 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/0256 ,  G01J3/0262 ,  G01J3/027 ,  G01J3/0283 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01N2201/125 ,  G01N2201/127

Abstract: To provide sufficient sensitivity, spectral resolution and speed of measurement for field environmental measurements in a portable spectroradiometer, a silicon photodiode receives light: (1) having a bandwidth in the range of between 2 and 15 nm (nanometers) from a pivotable concave holographic diffraction grating within the wavelength range of between 250 and 1150 nm at a scanning rate in the range of 20 to 100 nm per second; (2) having stray light of high intensity and undesired frequencies and the shorter wavelength harmonics of the selected frequency range blocked by filters; and (3) having flux of at least 10 microwatts per square meter of diffuser plate for each nanometer of bandwidth. Automatic electrical zeroing is obtained by blocking all light once at the beginning of each scan, obtaining an electrical drift-related signal and using the drift signal to adjust the measured signal during the scan. Several different sensing interfaces can be used, including a quartz, light fiber probe having at least a 50% packing density and a cone angle of at least 24 degrees. The data and the programming storage is at least 30K bytes but the instrument uses no more than watts of power when the instrument is not scanning.

Abstract translation: 为了在便携式分光光度计中提供足够的灵敏度，光谱分辨率和现场环境测量的测量速度，硅光电二极管接收光：（1）具有从可枢转的凹面全息衍射的2至15nm（纳米）范围内的带宽 在20至100nm /秒的范围内的扫描速率在250至1150nm的波长范围内光栅; （2）具有高强度和不期望频率的杂散光，并且所选频率范围的较短波长谐波被滤波器阻挡; 和（3）每纳米带宽具有至少10微瓦每平方米扩散板的通量。 通过在每次扫描开始时阻止所有光一次获得自动电调零，获得电漂移相关信号，并使用漂移信号在扫描期间调整测量信号。 可以使用几种不同的感测接口，包括具有至少50％填充密度和至少24度的锥角的石英光纤探针。 数据和编程存储器至少为30K字节，但仪器未扫描时仪器的功率不超过瓦特。