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41.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5165005A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-17
申请号：US646148
申请日：1991-01-24
Applicant: Stanley M. Klainer , Marcus S. Butler
Inventor： Stanley M. Klainer , Marcus S. Butler
CPC classification number: G01N21/552 , G01N21/431 , G01N21/7703 , G02B6/122 , G01N2021/432 , G01N2021/7709 , G01N2021/7776 , G01N2021/7779 , G01N2021/7793
Abstract: A species-specific metal clad segment on a waveguide, including a planar waveguide, allows controlled light leakage of light propagating through the waveguide by total internal reflection, to measure refractive index and identify chemical species. A waveguide sensor is designed for a particular chemical species by selecting a metal clad with an affinity for the species and by matching the refractive indices of the waveguide body, clad, metal clad segment and chemical species. Dual or multiple measurement methods use a pair or multiple metal clad segments of different specificity. The metal clad segment may include another material to provide a suitable refractive index while having the desired affinity for the chemical species or to provide a catalyst to react the species to form a reaction product which is more readily detected.
Abstract translation: 包括平面波导在波导上的物种特定的金属包层段允许通过全内反射传播通过波导的光的受控光泄漏，以测量折射率并识别化学物质。 波导传感器通过选择对物质具有亲和性的金属包层并通过匹配波导体，包层，金属包层和化学物质的折射率来设计用于特定化学物质。 双重或多重测量方法使用不同特异性的一对或多个金属包层。 金属包覆段可以包括另外的材料以提供合适的折射率，同时具有对于化学物质的期望的亲和力，或提供催化剂以使物质反应形成更易于检测的反应产物。
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42.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5138153A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-11
申请号：US553482
申请日：1990-07-13
Applicant: John S. Gergely , F. Monte Evens
Inventor： John S. Gergely , F. Monte Evens
CPC classification number: G01N21/431 , G01M3/047 , G02B6/4246 , G01N2021/0385
Abstract: A sensor system comprises a fibe optic cable, or a fiber optic cable covered with a cladding, coated with a membrane that is sensitive to a particular substance to be detected. Contact with the material to be detected causes the membrane's index of refraction (normally less than that of the fiber core) to increase, decreasing the intensity of the light transmitted by the core. The fiber-optic sensor can be used to monitor one or more storage tanks for leakage by placing the fiber cable beneath the surface surrounding the tank(s).
Abstract translation: 传感器系统包括光纤电缆或覆盖有覆层的光纤电缆，其涂覆有对待检测的特定物质敏感的膜。 与要检测的材料接触导致膜的折射率（通常小于纤维芯的折射率）增加，从而降低由芯发射的光的强度。 光纤传感器可用于通过将光缆放置在水箱周围的表面下方来监测一个或多个储罐的泄漏。
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公开(公告)号：US5094517A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-10
申请号：US565503
申请日：1990-08-10
Applicant: Hilmar Franke
Inventor： Hilmar Franke
IPC: C08L79/08 , G01N21/21 , G01N21/23 , G01N21/43 , G01N21/77 , G02B6/00 , G02B6/12 , G02B6/136 , G02B6/34 , G02B6/42
CPC classification number: G01N21/7703 , G01N21/23 , G01N21/431 , G02B6/136 , G01N21/21
Abstract: The invention relates to a polyimide waveguide which is used as an optical sensor for the quantitative determination of liquids in the vapor phase, as well as for the determination of NH.sub.3, "NH.sub.4 OH", NO.sub.2 and N.sub.2 O.sub.5. The polyimide waveguide is composed of a cover layer, one or two layers of a polyamide-imide or a perfluorinated polyimide and a substrate.
Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种聚酰亚胺波导，其用作用于定量测定气相中的液体的光学传感器，以及用于测定NH 3，“NH 4 OH”，NO 2和N 2 O 5。 聚酰亚胺波导由覆盖层，一层或两层聚酰胺 - 酰亚胺或全氟化聚酰亚胺和基材组成。
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公开(公告)号：US5026139A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-25
申请号：US501144
申请日：1990-03-28
Applicant: Stanley M. Klainer , Dileep K. Dandge , Marcus Butler , Kisholoy Goswami
Inventor： Stanley M. Klainer , Dileep K. Dandge , Marcus Butler , Kisholoy Goswami
CPC classification number: G01N21/431 , G02B6/02 , G01N2021/432
Abstract: A refractive index FOCS has a fiber optic core with a partly light transmissive thin metal film clad of an effective thickness and light transmissivity so that transmission through the core is strongly affected by the refractive index of a surrounding liquid or vapor medium. The metal clad and surrounding medium produce a localized refractive index at the core interface which modulates light transmission through the core as a function of the medium refractive index. The clad is made of platinum, or also of gold, rhodium, palladium, nickel, iron, cobalt, ruthenium, iridium, osmium, zinc, copper, silver, chronium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium or hafnium. The clad is also made of oxides of these metals, or metal compounds or alloys. With a fluorescent tip, the changes in the fluorescent signal are a measure of the medium refractive index. With a reflective tip, the changes in the reflected signal are measured. In a linear configuration, source and detector are placed at opposite ends of the fiber and changes in the transmitted signal are measured as a function of refractive index. Multiple measurements with multiple clads of different specificity can be made. The multiple clads can be on a single fiber or on separate fibers.
Abstract translation: 折射率FOCS具有具有有效厚度和透光率的部分透光的薄金属薄膜包层的光纤芯，使得通过芯的透射受到周围液体或蒸气介质的折射率的强烈影响。 金属包层和周围介质在核心界面处产生局部折射率，其作为介质折射率的函数调制通过芯的光透射。 包层由铂，或金，铑，钯，镍，铁，钴，钌，铱，锇，锌，铜，银，时代，钼，钨，钒，铌，钽，钛，锆或 铪。 包层也由这些金属的氧化物或金属化合物或合金制成。 使用荧光尖端，荧光信号的变化是介质折射率的量度。 使用反射尖端，测量反射信号的变化。 在线性配置中，源和检测器被放置在光纤的相对端，并且传输信号的变化被测量为折射率的函数。 可以进行具有不同特异性的多个囊的多个测量。 多个包层可以在单个纤维上或在单独的纤维上。
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公开(公告)号：US5015091A
公开(公告)日：1991-05-14
申请号：US327059
申请日：1989-03-22
Applicant: Hiroyoshi Suzuki , Kenji Ogawa , Hiroko Maekawa
Inventor： Hiroyoshi Suzuki , Kenji Ogawa , Hiroko Maekawa
IPC: G01N21/43
CPC classification number: G01N21/43
Abstract: The present invention is directed to a device for detecting alcoholic content in a fuel by finding its refractive index, which is of such a construction that a refractive interface for the fuel is formed at an intermediate portion of a light transmission body; a light emitting element is provided at one end of the light transmission body, from which incident light is introduced into said refractive interface; and a single dimensional light position sensing detector is provided at the other end of the light transmitting body, into which the light refracted at the refractive interface is introduced. Alternatively, the device is of such a construction that a light emitting element and a single dimensional light position sensing detector are provided at one end of a light transmission body; a refractive interface and a reflecting surface are provided at the other end of the light transmission body, wherein an incident light from the light emitting element, which has entered into the refractive interface and has been refracted there, is reflected at the reflecting surface, after which the reflected light is again caused to enter into the refractive interface, and is subsequently caused to enter into the single dimensional light position sensing detector.
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US4834497A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-30
申请号：US19841
申请日：1987-02-27
Applicant: S. Michael Angel
Inventor： S. Michael Angel
CPC classification number: G01N21/7703 , G01N21/648 , G02B6/02 , G01N2021/432 , G01N2021/6434 , G01N30/02
Abstract: Particular gases or liquids are detected with a fiber optic element (11, 11a to 11j) having a cladding or coating of a material (23, 23a to 23j) which absorbs the fluid or fluids and which exhibits a change of an optical property, such as index of refraction, light transmissiveness or fluoresence emission, for example, in response to absorption of the fluid. The fluid is sensed by directing light into the fiber optic element and detecting changes in the light, such as exit angle changes for example, that result from the changed optical property of the coating material. The fluid detector (24, 24a to 24j) may be used for such purposes as sensing toxic or explosive gases in the atmosphere, measuring ground water contamination or monitoring fluid flows in industrial processes, among other uses.
Abstract translation: 用具有吸收流体或液体并且表现出光学性能变化的材料（23,23a至23j）的包层或涂层的光纤元件（11,11a至11j）来检测特定气体或液体，例如 作为折射率，透光性或荧光发射，例如响应于流体的吸收。 通过将光引入光纤元件并检测光的变化（例如由涂层材料的改变的光学性质导致的出射角变化）来感测流体。 流体检测器（24,24a至24j）可以用于诸如感测大气中的有毒或爆炸性气体，测量地下水污染或监测工业过程中的流体流动以及其它用途的目的。
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47.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4834104A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-30
申请号：US762146
申请日：1985-08-01
Applicant: Stephen J. Kreinick , Larry K. Blankenship
Inventor： Stephen J. Kreinick , Larry K. Blankenship
CPC classification number: A61B5/201 , A61B5/14507 , A61B5/208 , G01N21/43 , G01N21/85
Abstract: A method and apparatus for continually measuring the specific gravity of a flow liquid. The liquid is caused to flow across a flat measurement surface defined by a light transmissive shelf member. The measurement surface, i.e. the interface between the shelf member and liquid sample thereon, is illuminated by rays incident at angles greater than and less than a critical angle to reflect a boundary line whose position is dependent on the critical angle and thus the specific gravity of the liquid sample. The reflected boundary line is projected onto a photovoltaic surface which, together with detector electronics, determines the position of the boundary line with respect to a boundary line position associated with a reference liquid. The difference in boundary line position is used by the detector electronics to determine the specific gravity of the sample by a table lookup procedure.
Abstract translation: 一种用于连续测量流动液体的比重的方法和装置。 使液体流过由透光搁架构件限定的平坦测量表面。 测量表面，即搁板构件和其上的液体样品之间的界面，被以大于和小于临界角的角度入射的射线照射，以反映其位置取决于临界角的边界线，因此其比重 液体样品。 反射的边界线被投影到光伏表面上，该光伏表面与检测器电子装置一起确定边界线相对于与参考液体相关联的边界线位置的位置。 边界线位置的差异由检测器电子装置用于通过表查找程序确定样品的比重。
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公开(公告)号：US4749274A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-07
申请号：US006064
申请日：1987-01-22
Applicant: Keiji Aoki , Shinji Ikeda
Inventor： Keiji Aoki , Shinji Ikeda
CPC classification number: G01N21/43 , G01N2021/414
Abstract: A prism has at least two optical planes and one of the planes is a boundary plane with mixed fuel. On one of two planes, a light emitting element is mounted and illuminates light to the boundary plane through the prism. A light receiving element receives light reflected from the boundary plane and converts the reflected light into electrical signals. Then a detector modifies the electrical signals from the light emitting element according to the detecting result and outputs them as detecting signals representative of the fuel mixture ratio. The temperature of the mixed fuel may be detected by a temperature sensor in which case the electrical signals are also modified to compensate for temperature changes of the mixed fuel.
Abstract translation: 棱镜具有至少两个光学平面，其中一个平面是具有混合燃料的边界平面。 在两个平面之一上，安装发光元件，并通过棱镜将光照射到边界平面。 光接收元件接收从边界平面反射的光并将反射光转换成电信号。 然后，检测器根据检测结果修改来自发光元件的电信号，并将它们作为表示燃料混合比的检测信号输出。 混合燃料的温度可以由温度传感器检测，在这种情况下，电信号也被修改以补偿混合燃料的温度变化。
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公开(公告)号：US4704029A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-03
申请号：US813742
申请日：1985-12-26
Applicant: Alan Van Heuvelen
Inventor： Alan Van Heuvelen
CPC classification number: A61B5/14558 , A61B5/6876 , A61B5/6884 , G01N21/43 , A61M5/1723 , G01J2001/1636 , G01N21/21 , Y10T436/144444
Abstract: A blood glucose monitor which is particularly applicable for use as an implant for controlling an insulin pump, or as a portable device for use by a diabetic for home blood glucose monitoring. The glucose monitor measures the glucose level of blood by utilizing a refractometer which measures the index of refraction of blood adjacent to an interface with a transparent surface of the refractometer, by directing light at the interface to measure the index of refraction of the blood by the amount of radiation reflected by the interface, particularly light incident near the critical angle. In a preferred embodiment, polarized light is directed against an interface in an implant between a transparent material and the blood. As the glucose concentration in the blood changes, its index of refraction changes, as does the intensity of light reflected from the interface. The angle of incidence of the light is selected to be slightly less than the critical angle for total internal reflection, with the result that the reflected intensity varies dramatically with index of refraction and with glucose concentration. A differential amplifier compares the intensity of the light reflected from the blood and the intensity of the beam before reflection. The output signal from the differential amplifier indicates only a change in the intensity of the reflected light caused by a change in the glucose concentration from a standard setting.
Abstract translation: 特别适用于控制胰岛素泵的植入物的血糖监测器，或作为糖尿病患者用于家庭血糖监测的便携式装置。 葡萄糖监测器通过利用折射计来测量血液的葡萄糖水平，所述折射计通过在界面处引导光以测量血液的折射率来测量与折射计的透明表面相邻的界面附近的血液的折射率 界面反射的辐射量，特别是临近角附近的光线。 在优选实施例中，偏振光针对透明材料和血液之间的植入物中的界面。 随着血液中葡萄糖浓度的变化，其折射率也随界面反射光强度的变化而变化。 光的入射角被选择为略小于全内反射的临界角，结果反射强度随着折射率和葡萄糖浓度而急剧变化。 差分放大器将从血液反射的光的强度和反射前光束的强度进行比较。 来自差分放大器的输出信号仅指示由标准设定值引起的葡萄糖浓度变化引起的反射光强度的变化。
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公开(公告)号：US4699516A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-13
申请号：US666151
申请日：1984-10-29
Applicant: Arnold M. Bartz , Stanley H. Wineland
Inventor： Arnold M. Bartz , Stanley H. Wineland
CPC classification number: G01N15/088 , G01N15/0227 , G01N15/1468 , G01N2015/0846 , G01N21/43 , G01N33/44
Abstract: The surface of a cellular body which is flat except for a number of cavities is examined by placing a transparent light refracting medium against the surface and transmitting light through the medium toward its interface with the body surface at such an angle of incidence to the interface that light incident on the interface at the body surface is refracted into the body and light incident on the interface at the cavities is totally reflected internally of the medium and then outwardly thereof. The reflected light produces an image having readily distinguishable zones of lightness and darkness indicative of the cavities and body material, respectively. The image is displayed in such manner as to enable either of the relatively dark and light zones to be counted. An optical coupling liquid is interposed between the body surface and the refracting medium to compensate for small gaps or irregularities in the body surface.
Abstract translation: 通过将透明光折射介质放置在表面上并通过介质向其与体表面的界面透射光以与入口的界面成角度的角度来检查除了多个空腔之外平坦的细胞体的表面， 入射在身体表面的界面的光被折射入体内，并且入射在空腔处的界面上的光在介质内部然后向外反射。 反射光分别产生具有指示空腔和主体材料的明暗区域的明显区域的图像。 该图像以使得能够对相对较暗和浅色区域中的任一个进行计数的方式显示。 光学耦合液体介于身体表面和折射介质之间，以补偿身体表面上的小间隙或凹凸。
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