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公开(公告)号：US06744503B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-01
申请号：US10022239
申请日：2001-12-20
IPC分类号： G01J330
CPC分类号： G01N21/6408
摘要： An apparatus for monitoring vapor phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a high-temperature environment has an excitation source producing electromagnetic radiation, an optical path having an optical probe optically communicating the electromagnetic radiation received at a proximal end to a distal end, a spectrometer or polychromator, a detector, and a positioner coupled to the first optical path. The positioner can slidably move the distal end of the optical probe to maintain the distal end position with respect to an area of a material undergoing combustion. The emitted wavelength can be directed to a detector in a single optical probe 180° backscattered configuration, in a dual optical probe 180° backscattered configuration or in a dual optical probe 90° side scattered configuration. The apparatus can be used to monitor an emitted wavelength of energy from a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon as it fluoresces in a high temperature environment.
摘要翻译： 用于在高温环境中监测气相多环芳烃的装置具有产生电磁辐射的激发源，具有将近端接收的电磁辐射光学连接到远端的光学探针的光路，光谱仪或多色分光器， 检测器和耦合到第一光路的定位器。 定位器可以滑动地移动光学探头的远端，以相对于经历燃烧的材料的区域保持远端位置。 发射波长可以以单光学探针180°反向散射配置，双光学探针180°反向散射配置或双光学探针90°侧散射配置引导到检测器。 该装置可用于在高温环境中发出荧光的情况下监测来自多环芳烃的发射波长的波长。
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32.发明授权Shaped illumination geometry and intensity using a diffractive optical element 失效使用衍射光学元件形成照明几何形状和强度公开(公告)号：US06744502B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-01
申请号：US09964778
申请日：2001-09-28
申请人： Louis B. Hoff , Mark F. Oldham
发明人： Louis B. Hoff , Mark F. Oldham
IPC分类号： G01J330
CPC分类号： G02B27/0944 , G01J1/20 , G01J3/10 , G02B19/0014 , G02B19/0052 , G02B27/0927
摘要： A method and apparatus to illuminate a target. The apparatus can comprise a first lens configured to receive light from the light source, a diffractive optical element configured to receive the light from the first lens and to regulate the light into regulated light, and second lens configured to receive the regulated light and to direct the regulated light to a selected area of the target.
摘要翻译： 照明目标的方法和装置。 该装置可以包括被配置为从光源接收光的第一透镜，被配置为接收来自第一透镜的光并将光调节为调节光的衍射光学元件，以及被配置为接收调节光并引导 调节光到目标的选定区域。
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公开(公告)号：US06734964B1
公开(公告)日：2004-05-11
申请号：US09998273
申请日：2001-11-30
申请人： Yixiang Duan , Zhe Jin , Yongxuan Su
发明人： Yixiang Duan , Zhe Jin , Yongxuan Su
IPC分类号： G01J330
CPC分类号： H01J37/32972 , G01J3/10
摘要： A low-power, plasma source-based, portable molecular light emission generator/detector employing an atmospheric pressure pulsed-plasma for molecular fragmentation and excitation is described. The average power required for the operation of the plasma is between 0.02 W and 5 W. The features of the optical emission spectra obtained with the pulsed plasma source are significantly different from those obtained with direct current (dc) discharge higher power; for example, strong CH emission at 431.2 nm which is only weakly observed with dc plasma sources was observed, and the intense CN emission observed at 383-388 nm using dc plasma sources was weak in most cases. Strong CN emission was only observed using the present apparatus when compounds containing nitrogen, such as aniline were employed as samples. The present apparatus detects dimethylsulfoxide at 200 ppb using helium as the plasma gas by observing the emission band of the CH radical. When coupled with a gas chromatograph for separating components present in a sample to be analyzed, the present invention provides an apparatus for detecting the arrival of a particular component in the sample at the end of the chromatographic column and the identity thereof.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种基于等离子体源的便携式分子发射发生器/检测器，其使用大气压脉冲等离子体进行分子分裂和激发。 等离子体操作所需的平均功率在0.02W和5W之间。用脉冲等离子体源获得的光发射光谱的特征与用直流（dc）放电更高功率获得的光发射光谱的特征显着不同。 例如，仅观察到直流等离子体源在431.2nm处的强CH发射，并且在大多数情况下，使用直流等离子体源在383-388nm处观察到的强烈CN发射较弱。 仅当使用含有氮的化合物（如苯胺）作为样品时，才使用本装置观察到强的CN发射。 本发明的装置通过观察CH基团的发射带，使用氦气作为等离子体气体来检测200ppb的二甲基亚砜。 当与用于分离待分析样品中存在的组分的气相色谱仪相结合时，本发明提供了一种用于检测特定组分在色谱柱末端及其身份的样品中到达的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US06686998B2
公开(公告)日：2004-02-03
申请号：US09997799
申请日：2001-11-30
IPC分类号： G01J330
摘要： Glow discharge apparatus having liquid electrodes includes a substrate with a top surface on which cathode and anode electrodes are formed. The cathode electrode may be formed with a cathode terminal port formed to hold a liquid which is spaced from the anode electrode by an inter-electrode surface of the substrate. Electrical conductors are connected to the anode and cathode electrodes to allow a voltage to be applied between them, resulting in a glow discharge in the gap over the inter-electrode surface that causes sputtering of the liquid in the cathode terminal port into the glow discharge. Excitation by the glow discharge of the sputtered or evaporated liquid allows spectroscopic analysis of the constituents of the liquid in the electrode.
摘要翻译： 具有液体电极的辉光放电装置包括具有形成有阴极和阳极电极的顶面的基板。 阴极电极可以形成有阴极端子端口，形成为通过衬底的电极间表面保持与阳极间隔开的液体。 电导体连接到阳极和阴极电极以允许在它们之间施加电压，导致在电极间表面上的间隙中的辉光放电，导致阴极端口中的液体溅射到辉光放电中。 通过溅射或蒸发的液体的辉光放电的激发允许对电极中的液体的组分进行光谱分析。
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公开(公告)号：US06650411B2
公开(公告)日：2003-11-18
申请号：US09683217
申请日：2001-12-03
IPC分类号： G01J330
CPC分类号： G01N21/6452 , B01J2219/00675 , B01J2219/00677 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y35/00 , C40B50/14 , G01N27/44717 , G01N27/44721 , G01N2035/00158 , G01N2035/0494 , G06F19/20
摘要： Systems and methods are described that may be applied to scanning biological materials in or on probe arrays. For example, a system is described that includes a scanner that has one or more excitation sources and an emission receiving element, such as an objective lens, that receives from locations of the probe array an emission signal responsive to the excitation sources. The scanner also has a radial position generator that generates radial positions of the emission receiving element. Also included in the system is a computer memory having stored therein a plurality of position data, each representing a radial position of the emission receiving element. Also stored in the computer memory unit is a set of comparator instructions that generate a clock signal based, at least in part, on comparing one or more of the plurality of radial positions with one or more of the plurality of position data.
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公开(公告)号：US06643016B2
公开(公告)日：2003-11-04
申请号：US09846232
申请日：2001-05-02
IPC分类号： G01J330
CPC分类号： G01N21/0303 , G01J3/20 , G01J3/42 , G01N21/031 , G01N21/05 , G01N21/31 , G01N21/33 , G01N2021/3129 , G01N2021/3133 , G01N2021/3137 , G01N2021/3155 , G01N2021/3185
摘要： A spectrometer or multiple wavelength absorbance detection method and apparatus providing improved accuracy for an array of measurements at different wavelengths. The spectrometer utilizes a multiple wavelength illumination system with an array of independent detectors with different pathlength cells, where each cell is illuminated with predominately monochromatic light after separation by a light dispersing element. Each sample cell has an optical pathlength, optics and photodetection device that are optimized for its particular wavelength to accurately measure absorbance through an expected substance.
摘要翻译： 一种对不同波长的测量阵列提供改进的精度的光谱仪或多波长吸光度检测方法和装置。 光谱仪利用具有不同光程长度单元的独立检测器阵列的多波长照明系统，其中通过光分散元件分离后，每个单元被主要单色光照射。 每个样品池具有光学长度，光学和光电检测装置，其针对其特定波长进行优化，以通过预期物质精确测量吸光度。
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公开(公告)号：US06624887B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-23
申请号：US09642385
申请日：2000-08-18
IPC分类号： G01J330
CPC分类号： G01N21/6486 , G01N21/255 , G01N21/6408 , G01N2021/635 , G01N2021/8466
摘要： The present invention provides methods for measuring a photosynthetic parameter. The methods of the invention include the steps of: (a) illuminating a plant leaf until steady-state photosynthesis is achieved; (b) subjecting the illuminated plant leaf to a period of darkness; (c) using a kinetic spectrophotometer or kinetic spectrophotometer/fluorimeter to collect spectral data from the plant leaf treated in accordance with steps (a) and (b); and (d) determining a photosynthetic parameter from the spectral data. In another aspect, the invention provides methods for determining the physiological state of a plant.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了用于测量光合参数的方法。 本发明的方法包括以下步骤：（a）照射植物叶直到达到稳态光合作用; （b）对被照明的植物叶进行黑暗时期; （c）使用动力学分光光度计或动力学分光光度计/荧光计从根据步骤（a）和（b）处理的植物叶中收集光谱数据; 和（d）从光谱数据确定光合参数。 另一方面，本发明提供了确定植物生理状态的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US06618139B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-09
申请号：US09757893
申请日：2001-01-10
申请人： Michael Erath
发明人： Michael Erath
IPC分类号： G01J330
摘要： Torch glassware for use with inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometers is provided. The glassware includes an outer tube and a stream of cool inert gas flowing radially within the inner surface thereof such that the cool inert gas creates a cushion between the tube and hot plasma contained within the stream of cool inert gas. The outer tube includes a sidewall having an open end and having a slot passing therethrough. The slot extends longitudinally along the sidewall from the open end thereof and is defined at least in part by a first longitudinal edge and a second longitudinal edge. The first longitudinal edge is offset radially inwardly from the second longitudinal edge. Stated another way, the tube includes a fixed center, and a distance between the fixed center and the first longitudinal edge is smaller than a distance between the fixed center and the second longitudinal edge.
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公开(公告)号：US06614525B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-02
申请号：US09718948
申请日：2000-11-20
申请人： Johann Engelhardt , Joachim Bradl
发明人： Johann Engelhardt , Joachim Bradl
IPC分类号： G01J330
CPC分类号： G02B21/0032 , G02B21/0064
摘要： A laser scanning microscope, preferably a confocal laser scanning microscope, having a laser light source for illuminating a specimen and a detector for detecting the light returning from the specimen, the specimen or parts thereof. The specimen is marked with markers that can be excited to emit. For the specific detection of preferably biological specimen structures, with high localization accuracy for the specimen structures, the laser light source emits exciting light substantially at one wavelength. Different markers emit light of different wavelengths, when irradiated with exciting light of substantially the same wavelength. The detector is embodied as a multi-band detector for the simultaneous detection of light at several wavelengths. A corresponding method for the detection of preferably biological specimens or specimen structures by laser scanning microscopy is described.
摘要翻译： 激光扫描显微镜，优选共焦激光扫描显微镜，具有用于照射样本的激光光源和用于检测从样本返回的光的检测器，其样本或其部分。 标本上标有可被激发发射的标记。 对于优选生物样本结构的具体检测，对于样本结构具有高定位精度，激光光源基本上发射一个波长的激发光。 当用基本上相同波长的激发光照射时，不同的标记发射不同波长的光。 检测器被实现为用于同时检测几个波长的光的多波段检测器。 描述了通过激光扫描显微镜检测优选生物样品或样本结构的相应方法。
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公开(公告)号：US06603537B1
公开(公告)日：2003-08-05
申请号：US09378259
申请日：1999-08-20
申请人： Louis J. Dietz , Ian Walton , Scott Norton
发明人： Louis J. Dietz , Ian Walton , Scott Norton
IPC分类号： G01J330
CPC分类号： G01N15/1475 , G01N15/1434 , G01N15/1484
摘要： Methods and instrumentation for performing charge coupled device (CCD)-based confocal spectroscopy with a laser spot array are provided. The methods and instruments of the invention are useful in any spectroscopic application, including, but not limited to, microscopy and microvolume laser scanning cytometry (MLSC).
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用激光点阵进行基于电荷耦合器件（CCD）的共聚焦光谱法的方法和仪器。 本发明的方法和仪器在任何光谱应用中是有用的，包括但不限于显微镜和微体积激光扫描细胞计数（MLSC）。
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