公开(公告)号：US5189631A

公开(公告)日：1993-02-23

申请号：US623089

申请日：1990-12-06

申请人： Takashi Suzuki

发明人： Takashi Suzuki

IPC分类号： G01N21/59 ,  G08B17/103

CPC分类号： G08B17/103

摘要： A smoke density monitor system comprises an imaginarily dividing a space to be monitored two-dimensionally into a plurality of imaginary subspaces so that plural paths passing through a plurality of arbitrary subspaces are arranged to intersect each other; measuring the transmittance of light along each path; calculating a transmittance of light at each imaginary subspace using a mathematical method in which the measured result of the transmittance of the each path are placed into matrices and the solution to an equation involving the matrices is carried out with matrices; and determining a smoke density at each of the imaginary subspace on the basis of the transmittance at each subspaces.

摘要翻译： 烟浓度监视器系统包括将要被二维地监视的空间划分成多个虚拟子空间，使得穿过多个任意子空间的多个路径彼此相交; 测量沿着每条路径的光的透射率; 使用数学方法计算每个虚拟子空间的光的透射率，其中将每个路径的透射率的测量结果置于矩阵中，并且使用矩阵执行涉及矩阵的方程的解; 并且基于每个子空间处的透射率来确定每个虚拟子空间处的烟浓度。

公开(公告)号：US5011281A

公开(公告)日：1991-04-30

申请号：US408880

申请日：1989-09-18

申请人： Eric W. Harris

发明人： Eric W. Harris

IPC分类号： G01N15/06 ,  G08B17/103

CPC分类号： G08B17/103 ,  G01N15/065 ,  G08B17/113

摘要： A device consisting of a monolithic block of material that is used as a housing of an apparatus for determining the density, or changes in density, of small particles, that contains an elongated chamber formed within the block that serves as a cloud chamber, and a trough formed in said block and defining a humidification chamber. The block includes passageways that connect the cloud chamber to the humidification chamber and inlet and exhaust passageways, as well as providing mountings for various valves, such as a humidity valve, by-pass valve, and vacuum valve used in the apparatus.

摘要翻译： 由用作确定小颗粒的密度或密度变化的装置的壳体的整体块材料构成的装置，其包含形成在用作云室的块内的细长室，以及 槽形成在所述块中并限定加湿室。 该块包括将云室连接到加湿室和入口和排气通道的通道，以及为设备中使用的各种阀，例如调湿阀，旁通阀和真空阀提供安装。

公开(公告)号：US4547675A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-15

申请号：US328403

申请日：1981-12-07

申请人： Jurg Muggli ,  Martin Labhart

发明人： Jurg Muggli ,  Martin Labhart

IPC分类号： G01N21/59 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G01N21/00

CPC分类号： G08B17/103 ,  G08B29/24

摘要： A smoke detector contains two radiation transmitters and two radiation receivers. Each of the radiation transmitters emits in a different spectral region, for instance, one emits above and the other one below 600 nm. One part of the radiation of both radiation transmitters is conducted via a measuring path, which is accessible to smoke, to one of the receivers constituting a measuring radiation receiver, and another part of such radiation is conducted via a comparison path, which is not accessible to smoke, to the other of the receivers constituting a comparison radiation receiver. Connected to both radiation receivers is an evaluation circuit which forms from the measuring radiation intensities prevailing in the two spectral regions and from the comparison radiation intensities prevailing in the same spectral regions a function of the type: ##EQU1## By suitably adjusting or selecting the components of the evaluation circuit, the coefficients a and b are selected such that in the absence of smoke in the measuring path, A becomes zero and in the presence of smoke such is proportional to the smoke density.

摘要翻译： 烟雾探测器包含两个辐射发射器和两个辐射接收器。 每个辐射发射器在不同的光谱区域发射，例如，一个发射在600nm以下，另一个在600nm以下。 两个辐射发射器的辐射的一部分通过可吸烟的测量路径被传送到构成测量辐射接收器的接收器中的一个，并且这种辐射的另一部分经由不可接近的比较路径 吸收构成比较辐射接收器的另一个接收器。 连接到两个辐射接收器的是评估电路，其由两个光谱区域中存在的测量辐射强度和从相同光谱区域中的比较辐射强度形成的类型的函数形成：通过适当地调整或选择部件 选择系数a和b，使得在测量路径中没有烟雾时，A变为零，并且在存在烟雾的情况下与烟雾密度成正比。

公开(公告)号：US4437014A

公开(公告)日：1984-03-13

申请号：US273584

申请日：1981-06-15

申请人： Lawrence J. Jones

发明人： Lawrence J. Jones

IPC分类号： G08B17/103 ,  G01N15/06

CPC分类号： G08B17/103 ,  G08B17/113

摘要： Smoke detection and disconnection apparatus that includes a housing having an inlet and an outlet for the passage of smoke and a smoke detection chamber located between the inlet and the outlet. The smoke detection chamber has radiation emitting and detecting equipment for the detection of smoke. An external air deflector or smoke concentrator is connected to the housing for increasing the sensitivity of the smoke detection and disconnection apparatus. The smoke detection and disconnection apparatus not only detects smoke but it also disconnects the electrical equipment that is causing the smoke to prevent further damage. In addition, an alarm is sounded to alert personnel that there is a potential fire hazard with respect to the electrical equipment.

摘要翻译： 烟雾检测和断开装置，其包括具有用于烟雾通过的入口和出口的壳体和位于入口和出口之间的烟雾检测室。 烟雾检测室具有用于检测烟雾的辐射发射和检测设备。 外部空气导流器或烟雾浓缩器连接到壳体，以增加烟雾检测和断开装置的灵敏度。 烟雾检测和断开装置不仅检测烟雾，而且还断开导致烟雾的电气设备，以防止进一步的损坏。 此外，还发出警报，警告人员对电气设备有潜在的火灾危险。

公开(公告)号：US4314239A

公开(公告)日：1982-02-02

申请号：US103406

申请日：1979-12-13

申请人： Giovanni Odone ,  Willy Buchs

发明人： Giovanni Odone ,  Willy Buchs

IPC分类号： G08B13/187 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G08B19/00 ,  G08B13/18

CPC分类号： G08B17/103 ,  G08B13/187 ,  G08B17/113 ,  G08B19/005

摘要： To detect an intrusion the apparatus projects one or, better, two beams of infrared rays in a direction selected by the user. A lens collects part of the radiation diffused back by the surface on which the beam impinges (whose distance must be in the range covered by the apparatus) and concentrates the collected radiation to form an image, almost pin point, of the "illuminated" surface. The position of said image depends on the distance of the surface impinged on by the beam. A photodetector provided with a slit placed in front is displaced until it detects the radiation forming the image. When the intruder intercepts the beam, the image of the "illuminated" surface, which is now on the intruder, will shift sideways enough to prevent the rays from passing through the slit and therefore from reaching the photodetector. The absence of the photodetector output signal indicates that an intrusion is occuring.The apparatus may be enabled to perform as fire detector, by means of a second photodetector fixed beside the former and before the diaphragm.

摘要翻译： 为了检测入侵，该装置在用户选择的方向上投射一个或更好的两束红外线。 透镜收集由光束撞击的表面（其距离必须在设备所覆盖的范围内）的表面向后扩散的部分辐射，并集中收集的辐射，以形成“照明”表面的几乎针点 。 所述图像的位置取决于被光束照射的表面的距离。 具有放置在前面的狭缝的光电检测器被移位，直到其检测到形成图像的辐射。 当入侵者拦截光束时，现在在入侵者上的“照明”表面的图像将侧向偏移，以防止光线穿过狭缝，因此不能到达光电检测器。 没有光电检测器输出信号表示发生入侵。 该装置可以通过固定在前者周围和隔膜之前的第二光电探测器来执行作为火灾探测器。

公开(公告)号：US4266219A

公开(公告)日：1981-05-05

申请号：US943095

申请日：1978-09-18

申请人： Ronnie D. Foster ,  Max R. Dickerson

发明人： Ronnie D. Foster ,  Max R. Dickerson

IPC分类号： G08B17/103 ,  G08B29/04 ,  G08B17/10

CPC分类号： G08B29/043 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G08B17/113

摘要： The present invention is particularly useful with an optical smoke detector system of the Tyndall type. The system includes a chamber, an emitter for periodic energization to provide radiation within the chamber, and a sensor for providing an electrical information signal related to the amplitude of radiation passing from the emitter. In the absence of particles of combustion, radiation impinges on the sensor at a reference level. When particles enter the chamber they are struck and diffuse the radiation from the emitter, raising the level of the signal produced by the sensor. The invention includes a supervisory arrangement for checking the normal pulse received by the sensor when no particles are in the chamber, thus checking the efficacy of the emitter and sensor as well as the chamber operation. When a filter and amplifier are connected to process the signal from the sensor, the supervisory circuit can be connected to the output side of the amplifier and thus also monitor the operability of these components. The system also supervises the adequacy of the energizing potential.

摘要翻译： 本发明对于Tyndall型的光学烟雾探测器系统是特别有用的。 该系统包括室，用于周期性地激励以在室内提供辐射的发射器，以及用于提供与从发射器通过的辐射的幅度有关的电信息信号的传感器。 在不存在燃烧颗粒的情况下，辐射以参考水平撞击传感器。 当颗粒进入室时，它们被撞击并扩散来自发射器的辐射，提高了由传感器产生的信号的电平。 本发明包括一种用于在没有颗粒在室内时检查由传感器接收的正常脉冲的监视装置，从而检查发射器和传感器以及腔室操作的功效。 当连接滤波器和放大器来处理来自传感器的信号时，监控电路可以连接到放大器的输出侧，从而也监视这些组件的可操作性。 该系统还监督通电潜力的充足性。

公开(公告)号：US4258360A

公开(公告)日：1981-03-24

申请号：US929714

申请日：1978-07-31

申请人： Hiroshi Tagashira

发明人： Hiroshi Tagashira

IPC分类号： G01N21/53 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G08B17/107

CPC分类号： G08B17/103 ,  G08B17/107

摘要： An optical smoke detector which includes a light source and light sensing element so arranged that the quantity of light detected by the element will be determined by the presence of smoke in the detector, a power source for periodically supplying sets of actuating pulses to the light source, apparatus connected with the light sensing element for detecting light pulses which are synchronized with the actuating pulses and producing an alarm when pulses of a predetermined magnitude are detected.

摘要翻译： 一种光学烟雾探测器，其包括光源和光感测元件，其布置成使得由元件检测到的光量将由检测器中的烟雾存在确定，用于周期性地向光源提供致动脉冲组的电源 与光检测元件连接的装置，用于检测与致动脉冲同步的光脉冲，并在检测到预定幅度的脉冲时产生报警。

公开(公告)号：US4185278A

公开(公告)日：1980-01-22

申请号：US835449

申请日：1977-09-22

申请人： Willy Lintelmann ,  Peter J. Frey

发明人： Willy Lintelmann ,  Peter J. Frey

IPC分类号： G08B17/103 ,  G08B17/10

CPC分类号： G08B17/103 ,  G08B17/113 ,  G08B29/24

摘要： Miniaturized smoke detectors, which operate on a light obscuration principle and may be either AC or battery operated, are both optically and electrically balanced whereby an unbalance resulting from the presence of smoke will trigger an alarm. The smoke detectors are characterized by a smoke chamber in which a light emitting diode and a pair of light detectors are installed in a manner which precludes relative movement therebetween. A splitter plate is also installed in the smoke chamber whereby both detectors are caused to see the same light flux density and one of the detectors, positioned in close physical proximity to the light source, acts as a reference signal source.

摘要翻译： 微型烟雾探测器以光遮蔽原理工作，并且可以是交流或电池操作，都是光学和电气平衡的，由此由烟雾的存在导致的不平衡将触发报警。 烟雾探测器的特征在于烟室，其中发光二极管和一对光检测器以排除其间的相对运动的方式安装。 分离板也安装在烟室中，由此使两个检测器看到相同的光通量密度，并且位于与光源近似物理接近的一个检测器用作参考信号源。

公开(公告)号：US4149162A

公开(公告)日：1979-04-10

申请号：US808065

申请日：1977-06-20

申请人： Robert B. Enemark ,  Paul S. Richtarcsik

发明人： Robert B. Enemark ,  Paul S. Richtarcsik

IPC分类号： G01R31/28 ,  G01R31/36 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G08B17/107 ,  G08B23/00 ,  G08B29/18 ,  G08B21/00

CPC分类号： G08B29/181 ,  G01R31/2829 ,  G01R31/3662 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G08B23/00

摘要： A battery powered smoke detector includes a battery powered discriminator circuit which periodically senses the chemistry of the battery represented by its volt-ampere output and internal impedance. An external impedance comparable to the alarm circuit load on the battery is connected in parallel with the battery such as to trigger an alarm when the battery energy delivered through the impedance approaches a level inadequate to drive the alarm.

摘要翻译： 电池供电的烟雾探测器包括电池供电的鉴别器电路，其周期性地检测由其伏安输出和内部阻抗表示的电池的化学性质。 与电池上的报警电路负载相当的外部阻抗与电池并联连接，以便当通过阻抗传递的电池能量接近不足以驱动报警的电平时触发报警。

公开(公告)号：US3994603A

公开(公告)日：1976-11-30

申请号：US549897

申请日：1975-02-14

申请人： Hansjoachim Paschedag

发明人： Hansjoachim Paschedag

IPC分类号： G01N21/85 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G01N21/22 ,  G01N21/12 ,  G01N21/26

CPC分类号： G01N21/85 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G08B17/113

摘要： To eliminate sources of error in fire detection apparatus regarding variation of light output from a radiation cell, and to eliminate varying ambient conditions such as dust and dirt contamination of reflectors and transducers, the radiation is directed over at least two paths by reflectors which are located such that the numbers of reflections in the paths and the reflection points are the same, whereas the lengths of the paths are different, and evaluating the difference signal to obtain a measure of the density of the medium through which the paths extend, typically the transmissivity of air which may be contaminated by smoke. In one embodiment, reflectors are located in the corners of a polygon, one of the paths extending across the polygon, and the other path extending essentially circumferentially thereof.

摘要翻译： 为了消除火灾探测装置中关于从辐射单元的光输出变化的误差源，并且消除诸如反射器和换能器的灰尘和灰尘等变化的环境条件，辐射通过位于 使得路径和反射点中的反射数相同，而路径的长度不同，并且评估差信号以获得路径延伸的介质的密度的度量，通常为透射率 可能被烟污染的空气。 在一个实施例中，反射器位于多边形的角部中，其中一个路径延伸穿过多边形，而另一个路径基本上在其周向延伸。