Abstract:
A substrate for reflection type liquid crystal display elements is provided, which has a multilayer dielectric film (reflective mirror) which can have fewer layers than according to the conventional art and can thus be formed in a shorter time, and which can stably obtain an optical characteristic of a desired flatness across the visible region, and moreover can prevent the occurrence of coloring due to reflection. The reflective mirror is formed on top of a transparent substrate, and is comprised of a predetermined number of high-refractive-index first transparent films and low-refractive-index second transparent films laminated alternately on the transparent substrate. Either or both of the first transparent films and the second transparent films are arranged such that the film thickness thereof increases progressively or decreases progressively with distance from the transparent substrate.
Abstract:
A solar-shading light-transmissive panel has a light-transmissive sheet, an absorbing layer disposed on said light-transmissive sheet, a first transparent dielectric layer disposed on said absorbing layer, an Ag-rich layer comprising Ag as a main component disposed on said first transparent dielectric layer, and a second transparent dielectric layer disposed on said Ag-rich layer. The solar-shading light-transmissive panel, which basically has the four layers and can be manufactured relatively inexpensively, has an ornamentally excellent appearance, a relatively high solar-shalding capability, and a relatively high visible light transmittance.
Abstract:
A sunlight shielding translucent glass panel has a transparent glass sheet, an absorbing layer disposed on the transparent glass sheet, and transparent dielectric films and mainly Ag films that are alternately arranged on the absorbing layer.
Abstract:
In a conductive antireflection film having predetermined optical characteristics, of the layers of the conductive antireflection film, two layers located on the transparent substrate side are replaced with a three-layered film having a metal oxide film as an intermediate layer thereof. In this three-layered film, when k.sub.i =4n.sub.i d.sub.i /.lambda..sub.0 (where n.sub.i is the refractive index of the ith layer, di is the geometric thickness of the ith layer, and .lambda..sub.0 is a middle wavelength in design), the metal oxide film as the second layer satisfies k.sub.2 .gtoreq.0.01, and an ITO film as the first layer satisfies k.sub.1 .gtoreq.0.1.
Abstract:
A granulating apparatus comprising a stirring tank or a duct for containing a slurry of particulate to granular coal having a binder incorporated therein, a rotary shaft disposed in the tank or duct and at least one agitating blade made of metal netting and attached to the rotary shaft.
Abstract:
A process for removing ash from coal comprising the steps of pulverizing the coal to fine particles, admixing water with the finely divided coal to prepare an ash-containing slurry of finely divided coal, mixing with the slurry an oil and seeds in the form of oleophilic solid grains and serving as granulating nuclei to granulate the finely divided coal, separating the resulting granules from the mixture and washing the granules with water to remove the ash, and disintegrating the washed granules to obtain a deashed coal and recover the seeds for reuse.