公开(公告)号：US4508525A

公开(公告)日：1985-04-02

申请号：US400907

申请日：1982-07-22

Applicant: Richard M. Berger

Inventor： Richard M. Berger

IPC: A24D3/02 ,  B32B3/00

CPC classification number: A24D3/0283

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing tobacco smoke filter having an improved tar/carbon monoxide ratio is disclosed. The filter is obtained by sealing off the center portion of the filter with an inner member which is impermeable to the passage of smoke, thus directing all of the smoke to the periphery of the filter. In one embodiment, the inner member is formed as a thin walled tube of a material such as polypropylene, with the tube being crimped to seal one end of the tube. The crimped tube is then overwrapped with a smoke permeable material.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种具有改善的焦油/一氧化碳比的生产烟草烟雾过滤器的方法和设备。 过滤器通过用不透气的内部构件密封过滤器的中心部分，从而将所有烟雾引导到过滤器的周边。 在一个实施例中，内部构件形成为诸如聚丙烯的材料的薄壁管，管被压接以密封管的一端。 然后将卷曲管用透烟材料包裹。

公开(公告)号：US4499912A

公开(公告)日：1985-02-19

申请号：US333815

申请日：1981-12-23

Applicant: Richard M. Berger

Inventor： Richard M. Berger

IPC: A24D3/04

CPC classification number: A24D3/043

Abstract: An improved tobacco smoke filter is characterized by grooves defined in its outer periphery and extending to the smoke discharging end of the filter. The grooves are totally exposed to ambient air along their entire length and serve as open air dilution passages to conduct air into the smoker's mouth with each puff or draw. In one embodiment, the filter rod contains no plug wrap and is joined to a tobacco rod with tipping paper, the grooves being defined in both the tipping paper and the filter rod. These grooves may be defined in the final assembled product by forming the grooves in the tipping paper and the filter rod at the same time. Alternatively, the filter rod is pre-grooved and the tipping paper is attached thereto so as to conform to the grooves. In another embodiment, the filter rod is wrapped with a suitable plug wrap which is either grooved simultaneously with the rod or applied to conform to the pre-grooved rod; a short tipping paper ring is then applied to the joint between the filter rod and the tobacco rod.

Abstract translation: 改进的烟草烟雾过滤器的特征在于限定在其外周边并延伸到过滤器的排烟端的槽。 这些槽沿其整个长度完全暴露于环境空气中，用作露天稀释通道，以每次抽吸或抽吸将空气进入吸烟者的嘴。 在一个实施例中，过滤杆不包含塞子包裹物，并且用接头纸连接到烟草杆上，所述凹槽被限定在接装纸和过滤杆两者中。 这些槽可以通过在接装纸和过滤棒中同时形成凹槽来限定在最终的组装产品中。 或者，过滤棒是预槽的，并且接装纸附接到其上以符合凹槽。 在另一个实施例中，过滤棒用合适的塞子包裹物包裹，该包裹物与杆同时开槽或施加以符合预槽的杆; 然后将短的接头纸环施加到过滤嘴杆和烟丝条之间的接头上。

公开(公告)号：US4354889A

公开(公告)日：1982-10-19

申请号：US233309

申请日：1981-02-11

Applicant: Richard M. Berger

Inventor： Richard M. Berger

IPC: B43K8/02 ,  B43K15/02 ,  D04H3/14

CPC classification number: B43K8/02 ,  B43K15/02 ,  Y10T156/1005 ,  Y10T156/1007 ,  Y10T156/1008 ,  Y10T156/1023

Abstract: An ink reservoir element for use in a marking instrument is disclosed, which combines good ink holding capacity and good ink release properties with a wide variety of inks. The ink reservoir element is formed from a coherent sheet of flexible thermoplastic fibrous material, such as a spunbonded polyester fabric or a foam-attenuated extruded polyester fabric, which has been uniformly embossed with a series of parallel grooves. The embossed sheet is compacted and bonded into a dimensionally stable rod-shaped body whose longitudinal axis extends parallel to the embossed grooves. A method and apparatus is disclosed for continuous production of the ink reservoir elements from a continuous web of the fibrous sheet material.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于标记设备的储墨元件，其具有良好的油墨保持能力和良好的油墨释放性能与各种各样的油墨。 墨水储存元件由柔性热塑性纤维材料的粘合片形成，例如纺粘聚酯织物或泡沫衰减的挤出聚酯织物，其已经均​​匀地压花了一系列平行的凹槽。 压花片被压实并结合到尺寸稳定的棒状体中，其长轴平行于压花槽延伸。 公开了一种用于从纤维片材的连续纤维网连续生产储墨元件的方法和装置。

公开(公告)号：US4022222A

公开(公告)日：1977-05-10

申请号：US629663

申请日：1975-11-06

Applicant: Richard M. Berger

Inventor： Richard M. Berger

IPC: A24D3/02 ,  A24F7/04

CPC classification number: A24D3/0283

Abstract: Tobacco smoke filters wherein the products have an elongated hollow inner member overwrapped with a conventional plug wrap, with an intermediate member interposed therebetween. The intermediate member is comprised preferably of a filtering material different from that which forms the inner member so as to provide selective filtration through the two layers of filtering material, the intermediate member functioning to remove larger particles of undesirable material so that the interstitial spaces of the inner member are not clogged thereby. Moreover, the presence of the intermediate member provides a smooth outer surface for attaching a conventional plug wrap without the need for an internal glue line.

Abstract translation: 烟草烟雾过滤器，其中产品具有用常规塞子包裹物包裹的细长的中空内部构件，其间插入中间构件。 中间构件优选地由与形成内部构件的过滤材料不同的过滤材料组成，以便通过两层过滤材料提供选择性过滤，中间构件用于去除较大颗粒的不期望的材料，使得间隙空间 内部构件不被堵塞。 此外，中间构件的存在提供了平滑的外表面，用于附接常规的塞子包装，而不需要内部胶合线。

公开(公告)号：US06174603B1

公开(公告)日：2001-01-16

申请号：US09383018

申请日：1999-08-25

Applicant: Richard M. Berger

Inventor： Richard M. Berger

IPC: D01F802

CPC classification number: A24D3/08 ,  A24D3/065 ,  D01F8/06 ,  Y10T428/2924 ,  Y10T428/2929 ,  Y10T428/2931

Abstract: Bicomponent fibers comprising a core of a thermoplastic material, preferably polypropylene, and a sheath of a blend of the core-forming polymer and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer are used to produce tobacco smoke filter elements which may be incorporated into tobacco smoke filter products such as filtered cigarettes. The addition of significant quantities of the core-forming material to the ethylene-vinyl acetate used to form the sheath avoids problems experienced heretofore in build-up of polymer in the forming dies using conventional filter-forming equipment Additionally, the blended sheath-forming polymer improves adhesion between the sheath and the core of the bicomponent fiber and, with the use of polypropylene, improves the hardness of the resultant tobacco smoke filter elements.

Abstract translation: 使用包含热塑性材料的核心，优选聚丙烯的双组分纤维，以及形成芯的聚合物和乙烯 - 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的共混物的外皮来生产烟草烟雾过滤元件，其可以并入烟草烟雾过滤产品中 作为过滤香烟。 向形成护套的乙烯 - 乙酸乙烯酯中添加大量的成核材料避免了使用常规的过滤成形设备在成型模具中聚合物聚合过程中遇到的问题。另外，混合的成鞘聚合物 提高了双组分纤维的护套和芯之间的粘附性，并且通过使用聚丙烯来改善所得烟草烟雾过滤元件的硬度。

公开(公告)号：US06103181A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-15

申请号：US251490

申请日：1999-02-17

Applicant: Richard M. Berger

Inventor： Richard M. Berger

IPC: A24D3/08 ,  B01D39/16 ,  D01D4/06 ,  D01D5/08 ,  D01D5/30 ,  D01D5/34 ,  D04H1/54 ,  D04H1/56 ,  D04H3/02 ,  D04H3/16 ,  D01D5/14 ,  D01D5/253 ,  D01D5/32 ,  D01F8/04

CPC classification number: D01D5/0985 ,  A24D3/064 ,  A24D3/08 ,  D01D4/02 ,  D01D5/082 ,  D01D5/34 ,  D04H1/54 ,  D04H1/56 ,  D04H3/02 ,  Y10S264/48 ,  Y10S55/05 ,  Y10S55/39

Abstract: A fiber spinning device and process for manufacturing a web of fibers comprising a homogeneous mixture of fibers of different characteristics. Monocomponent fibers of different polymers can be extruded side-by-side from the same die system. Sheath/core bicomponent fibers can be alternated with monocomponent fibers formed of the same core polymer as used in the bicomponent fibers. Bicomponent fibers having a common core polymer and different sheath polymers can be extruded from alternate spinneret orifices in the same die plate. Multiple distribution plates are provided with surface grooves or depressions to direct polymer materials from independent sources to only selected spinneret openings in an array of spinneret openings while maintaining the polymers segregated from each other. Unique products formed from the improved mixed fiber technology are useful as high efficiency filters in various environments, coalescent filters, reservoirs for marking and writing instruments, wicks and other elements designed to hold and transfer liquids for medical and other applications, heat and moisture exchangers and other diverse fibrous matrices.

公开(公告)号：US5633082A

公开(公告)日：1997-05-27

申请号：US688213

申请日：1996-07-29

Applicant: Richard M. Berger

Inventor： Richard M. Berger

IPC: B31B1/26 ,  A24D3/04 ,  A24D3/08 ,  A24D3/14 ,  A24D3/16 ,  B01D39/16 ,  B31B1/25 ,  B31F1/08 ,  B31F1/10 ,  B43K1/00 ,  B43K1/12 ,  B43K8/03 ,  B43K15/02 ,  D01D5/253 ,  D01D5/34 ,  D01F8/06 ,  D01F8/14 ,  D02G3/00 ,  D04H1/00 ,  D04H1/54 ,  D04H3/03 ,  D04H3/16

CPC classification number: B43K1/003 ,  A24D3/065 ,  A24D3/08 ,  B43K15/02 ,  B43K8/03 ,  D01D5/253 ,  D01D5/34 ,  D01F8/06 ,  D01F8/14 ,  D04H1/54 ,  D04H3/018 ,  D04H3/03 ,  D04H3/07 ,  D04H3/16 ,  Y10S264/48 ,  Y10S428/903 ,  Y10T428/1372 ,  Y10T428/139 ,  Y10T428/1393 ,  Y10T428/2915 ,  Y10T428/2929 ,  Y10T428/298

Abstract: Sheath-core bicomponent fibers comprising a core of a low-cost, high strength, thermoplastic material, preferably polypropylene or polybutylene terephthalate, completely covered with a sheath formed of polyethylene terephthalate or a copolymer thereof are produced, preferably melt blown to an average diameter of 12 microns or less, and formed into a self-sustaining, three-dimensional, porous element having various applications, principally as an ink reservoir element for a marking or writing instrument, although the porous element may also find utility as a tobacco smoke filter. Other forms of the product have utility in diverse applications where its excellent capillary, absorption and filtering properties are advantageous. The resultant products retain or improve upon the desirable features and processing capabilities of conventional elements, but are substantially less expensive, requiring less high cost polyester for equivalent or better properties.

公开(公告)号：US5615121A

公开(公告)日：1997-03-25

申请号：US381657

申请日：1995-01-31

Applicant: Djangir A. Babayev ,  Richard M. Berger ,  Vincil C. Dean ,  Ronald L. Hansen ,  Scott H. Parrish

Inventor： Djangir A. Babayev ,  Richard M. Berger ,  Vincil C. Dean ,  Ronald L. Hansen ,  Scott H. Parrish

IPC: G06Q10/06 ,  G06F19/00 ,  G06F17/60

CPC classification number: G06Q10/06 ,  G06Q10/06312 ,  G06Q10/06314 ,  G06Q10/06315

Abstract: A scheduling system is disclosed for scheduling tasks for fulfilling a series of service requests. When each service request is received, a determination is made as to the amount of resources a task requires to provide the requested service. Further, a preferred time within which to perform the task is obtained from the requestor of the service request. For each service request, data for the estimated amount of resources and the preferred time are supplied, on a first-come-first-serve basis, to a scheduling component for solving a combinatorial optimization model which efficiently allocates a predetermined amount of resources for each time slot in a scheduling period by rearranging tasks for service requests previously received. The scheduling component provides for a service requestor, without regard to subsequently received service requests, a service time in which to perform the task for the requested service substantially immediately after the service request is made. Whenever possible, the service time coincides with the preferred time. Each previously received service request will have its related task performed within the service time provided to the requestor of the service request. The scheduling system is particularly useful in scheduling technician time for service calls received by customer representatives in the telecommunication and utility industries.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于调度用于满足一系列服务请求的任务的调度系统。 当接收到每个服务请求时，确定任务所需的资源量来提供所请求的服务。 此外，从服务请求的请求者获得执行任务的优选时间。 对于每个服务请求，估计的资源量和优选时间的数据以先到先得的方式提供给调度组件，用于解决组合优化模型，其针对每个服务请求有效地分配预定量的资源 通过重新排列先前接收到的服务请求的任务在调度周期中的时隙。 调度组件提供服务请求者，而不考虑随后接收到的服务请求，在服务请求完成之后基本上立即执行所请求服务的任务的服务时间。 只要有可能，服务时间与首选时间一致。 每个先前接收的服务请求将在提供给服务请求的请求者的服务时间内执行其相关任务。 调度系统在为电信和公用事业行业的客户代表接收的业务呼叫调度技术人员时间方面特别有用。

公开(公告)号：US4869275A

公开(公告)日：1989-09-26

申请号：US17488

申请日：1987-02-24

Applicant: Richard M. Berger

Inventor： Richard M. Berger

IPC: A24D3/02 ,  A24D3/04 ,  A24D3/08 ,  B01D39/16 ,  B29C47/02 ,  B29C47/28 ,  D04H1/00

CPC classification number: B29C47/28 ,  A24D3/0237 ,  A24D3/04 ,  A24D3/08 ,  B01D39/1623 ,  B29C47/0016 ,  B29C47/02 ,  D04H1/56 ,  D04H1/76 ,  B01D2239/10

Abstract: An ultra-high efficiency cigarette filter is formed from a web of entangled ultra-fine melt blown plastic fibers of extremely low bulk density, the fibers on average having a diameter in the range of 0.1 to 4 microns. The web is formed into a substantially cylindrical rod having a bulk density in the range of 0.029 to 0.046 gram per cc and is encapsulated in and supported by an external plastic tube which adheres to the outer surface of the rod over the entire area of contact therebetween. Cigarette filters in accordance with the invention may have filtration efficiencies in excess of 80%. The disclosure also includes processes and apparatus for manufacturing the high efficiency filters.

Abstract translation: 超高效卷烟过滤器由非常低堆积密度的缠结的超细熔喷塑料纤维网形成，纤维平均直径在0.1至4微米的范围内。 纸幅形成为体积密度在0.029至0.046克/厘米3范围内的基本上圆柱形的杆，并且被封装并由外部塑料管支撑，外部塑料管在其整个接触区域附着在杆的外表面上 。 根据本发明的卷烟过滤器可以具有超过80％的过滤效率。 本公开还包括用于制造高效过滤器的方法和装置。

公开(公告)号：US4552158A

公开(公告)日：1985-11-12

申请号：US657264

申请日：1984-10-03

Applicant: Richard M. Berger

Inventor： Richard M. Berger

IPC: A24D3/04 ,  A24C5/52 ,  A24D3/02

CPC classification number: A24D3/043 ,  Y10T156/1023

Abstract: An improved tobacco smoke filter is characterized by grooves defined in its outer periphery and extending to the smoke discharging end of the filter. The grooves are totally exposed to ambient air along their entire length and serve as open air dilution passages to conduct air into the smoker's mouth with each puff or draw. In one embodiment, the filter rod contains no plug wrap and is joined to a tobacco rod with tipping paper, the grooves being defined in both the tipping paper and the filter rod. These grooves may be defined in the final assembled product by forming the grooves in the tipping paper and the filter rod at the same time. Alternatively, the filter rod is pre-grooved and the tipping paper is attached thereto so as to conform to the grooves. In another embodiment, the filter rod is wrapped with a suitable plug wrap which is either grooved simultaneously with the rod or applied to conform to the pre-grooved rod; a short tipping paper ring is then applied to the joint between the filter rod and the tobacco rod.