Abstract:
A fluorescence endoscope is provided that can easily judge whether body-cavity tissue is benign or malignant when fluorescence generated at the entire inner circumferential face of the body cavity serving as a subject is observed. The fluorescence endoscope includes: an insertion portion (5) be inserted into a body cavity (3); a balloon (15) brought into contact with an inner wall of the body cavity (3) located in radial directions of the insertion portion (5), thereby positioning the insertion portion (5) with respect to the body cavity (3) in the radial directions of the insertion portion (5); a light emitting and introducing unit (17, 19) emits excitation light for irradiating the inner wall, outward in the radial directions of the insertion portion (5), and introduces fluorescence generated at the inner wall to the inside of the insertion portion (5) from a plurality of different radial directions of the insertion portion (5); an image-acquisition unit (21) acquires an image with the fluorescence introduced by the light emitting and introducing unit (17, 19); a correction-signal calculating unit (57) calculates a correction signal for correcting an image-acquisition signal output from the image-acquisition unit (21), based on a distance between the insertion portion (5) and a contact surface of the balloon (15) that is brought into contact with the inner wall; and a signal processing unit (57) corrects the intensity of the image-acquisition signal based on the correction signal and generates an image signal from the corrected image-acquisition signal.
Abstract:
A solid-state laser processing apparatus includes a solid-state laser oscillator, a laser beam diameter controller, an optical fiber, and a processing head. The solid-state laser oscillator oscillates a laser beam. The laser beam diameter controller controls a beam diameter of the laser beam, and includes an aperture. The aperture controls a beam quality of the laser beam defined by M2 so as to fall in a range of 85≦M2≦105. The optical fiber guides the controlled laser beam therein. The processing head includes a transfer optical system, and irradiates the guided laser beam to a surface of a workpiece to be processed by way of the transfer optical system.
Abstract:
In an image forming apparatus in which an input module, an output module, a process module, and a memory have a plurality of ports and are connected by a packet switch having independent paths for data transmission, a path controlling part determines a process path based on data information from the input module and data transmission ability of paths within the image forming apparatus, and conducts a selection control to select a data transmission path in response to data transmission delay time for each process path and a data type of data to be transmitted.
Abstract:
In a coding system wherein an error correction/detection coding is combined with a synchronization recovering technique using a synchronization code, the problems of a pseudo synchronization and a step out due to error detection are solved. There is provided a coding part 212 for coding an input multiplexed code string 201 to an error correcting/detecting code comprising an information bit and a check bit, and code string assembling part 213 for inserting a synchronization code into any one of a plurality of periodically predetermined synchronization code inserting positions in the code string 201, for arranging the information bit at an optional position in the code string, and for arranging the check bit at a position other than the synchronization code inserting positions in the code string 201 to assemble an output code string 205.
Abstract:
In a coding system wherein an error correction/detection coding is combined with a synchronization recovering technique using a synchronization code, the problems of a pseudo synchronization and a step out due to error detection are solved. There is provided a coding part for coding an input multiplexed code string to an error correcting/detecting code comprising an information bit and a check bit, and code string assembling part for inserting a synchronization code into any one of a plurality of periodically predetermined synchronization code inserting positions in the code string, for arranging the information bit at an optional position in the code string, and for arranging the check bit at a position other than the synchronization code inserting positions in the code string to assemble an output code string.
Abstract:
In a coding system wherein an error correction/detection coding is combined with a synchronization recovering technique using a synchronization code, the problems of a pseudo synchronization and a step out due to error detection are solved. There is provided a coding part 212 for coding an input multiplexed code string 201 to an error correcting/detecting code comprising an information bit and a check bit, and code string assembling part 213 for inserting a synchronization code into any one of a plurality of periodically predetermined synchronization code inserting positions in the code string 201, for arranging the information bit at an optional position in the code string, and for arranging the check bit at a position other than the synchronization code inserting positions in the code string 201 to assemble an output code string 205.
Abstract:
An output coding apparatus includes a coder for coding an inputted bitstream to an error correction and/or detection code composed of information bits and check bits; and a bitstream assembling section for assembling an outputted bitstream by inserting a synchronization code at any one of a plurality of synchronization code insertion positions previously determined in the outputted bitstream, arranging the information bits at any desired positions of the bitstream, and by arranging the check bits at positions other than the synchronization code insertion positions in the bitstream. Therefore, when the coding apparatus is combined with a resynchronization method using both an error correction and/or detection code and a synchronization code, it is possible to solve a problem caused by pseudo-synchronization or synchronization-loss pull-out or step-out due to erroneous detection of the synchronization code.
Abstract:
An output coding apparatus includes a coder for coding an inputted bitstream to an error correction and/or detection code composed of information bits and check bits; and a bitstream assembling section for assembling an outputted bitstream by inserting a synchronization code at any one of a plurality of synchronization code insertion positions previously determined in the outputted bitstream, arranging the information bits at any desired positions of the bitstream, and by arranging the check bits at positions other than the synchronization code insertion positions in the bitstream. Therefore, when the coding apparatus is combined with a resynchronization method using both an error correction and/or detection code and a synchronization code, it is possible to solve a problem caused by pseudo-synchronization or synchronization-loss pull-out or step-out due to erroneous detection of the synchronization code.
Abstract:
A coding and/or decoding system includes: a code-word table for storing therein a plurality of code words, which are capable of being decoded both in forward and backward directions and which are formed so that delimiters of the code words are capable of being identified by a predetermined weight of the code words, so that the code words correspond to different source symbols; an encoder for selecting code words corresponding to inputted source symbols from the code-word table; and a synchronization interval setting part for preparing coded data every predetermined interval using the code words selected by the encoder and for inserting stuffing codes capable of being decoded in the backward direction. Thus, it is possible to decrease useless bit patterns to enhance the coding efficiency by smaller amounts of calculation and storage, and to decode variable length codes both in the forward and backward directions even if the synchronization interval is set every interval using the stuffing bits.
Abstract:
In an information transmission method, error robustness is provided for the bit stream itself so that decoding processing can be properly performed even in the event of an error in important information such as header information. A bit stream reconstruction circuit (107) in an encoding apparatus adds sync signals to the heads of encoded data streams, which are encoded by an encoder (103), in certain bit stream units, and then inserts designation information in each bit stream by using a designation information insertion circuit (106). Each designation information indicates the addition of information for reconstructing important header information. By inserting the designation information in the bit stream obtained, reconstruction information can be added to the bit stream. Even if, therefore, an error is introduced into the header information, and the information cannot be used for decoding processing, the decoding processing can be properly continued by using the new reconstruction information designated by the designation information as a substitute.