公开(公告)号：US06813019B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-02

申请号：US09958458

申请日：2001-10-05

Applicant: Michael R. Hammer ,  Philip V. Wilson ,  Mark R. Williams ,  Dower C. Bricker ,  Martin K. Masters ,  Stewart R. Campbell ,  Peter G. Layton

Inventor： Michael R. Hammer ,  Philip V. Wilson ,  Mark R. Williams ,  Dower C. Bricker ,  Martin K. Masters ,  Stewart R. Campbell ,  Peter G. Layton

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0213 ,  G01J3/0227 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/1809 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J5/62 ,  G01J2003/1828 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/31

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the spectrochemical analysis of a sample in which a solid state array detector (82) is used to detect radiation (62) of spectrochemical interest. The invention involves the use of a shutter (72) adjacent the entrance aperture (70) of a polychromator (74-80) to expose the detector (82) to the radiation (62) for varying lengths of time whereby for short duration exposure times charge accumulation in elements (i.e. pixels) of the detector (82) due to high intensity components of the radiation is limited and for longer exposure times charge accumulation in elements (pixels) of the detector (82) due to feeble intesity components of radiation (62) is increased. This ensures that each reading of the detector (82) includes at least one exposure in which the amount of charge accumulated at each wavelength of interest is neither too little or too great. The problems of feeble radiation components not being accurately measurable and of high intensity radiation components exceeding the charge carrying capacity of elements (pixels) of the detector (82) are thereby able to be avoided. An attenuator (90) may be placed between the radiation source (60) and the detector (82) to permit longer exposure times to be used for very high intensity radiation.

Abstract translation: 用于对样品进行光谱化学分析的方法和装置，其中固态阵列检测器（82）用于检测分光光度的辐射（62）。 本发明涉及使用与多色调剂（74-80）的入口孔（70）相邻的快门（72）将检测器（82）暴露于辐射（62）以改变长度的时间，从而短时间曝光时间 由于辐射的高强度分量，检测器（82）的元件（即，像素）中的电荷累积受到限制，并且由于辐射的微弱的肥胖分量，对于更长的曝光时间来检测器（82）的元件（像素）中的电荷累积 62）增加。 这确保了检测器（82）的每次读取包括至少一次曝光，其中在每个感兴趣波长处累积的电荷量既不太小也不太大。 因此能够避免无法精确测量的微弱辐射成分和超过检测器（82）的元件（像素）的电荷承载能力的高强度辐射成分的问题。 衰减器（90）可以放置在辐射源（60）和检测器（82）之间，以允许更长的曝光时间用于非常高强度的辐射。

公开(公告)号：US06362879B1

公开(公告)日：2002-03-26

申请号：US09512939

申请日：2000-02-25

Applicant: Eliseo R. Ranalli

Inventor： Eliseo R. Ranalli

IPC: G01J318

CPC classification number: G01J3/1809 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: An optical spectrometer includes an echelle array disposed in the path of a light signal so as to diffract the incident light signal. The light signal falls within a predetermined wavelength band centered about a central wavelength. The echelle array has a plurality of diffraction scattering sites periodically spaced apart by a distance of at least about five times the central wavelength. The spectrometer further includes a photodetector array positioned to receive a far-field diffraction pattern produced by the diffracted light from the echelle array and to output electrical signals representing the spatial pattern and relative intensity of the far-field diffraction pattern. Additionally, the spectrometer includes a processing circuit coupled to the photodetector array for processing the electrical signals to determine the power spectrum of the light signal. The processor circuit calibrates by measuring far-field diffraction patterns and determining SIRs for light at a plurality of different known wavelengths. When the light signal is projected onto the echelle array, the processing circuit determines the power spectrum by deconvolving the SIRs obtained during calibration from the far-field diffraction pattern measured for the light signal.

Abstract translation: 光谱仪包括设置在光信号的路径中的梯形阵列，以便衍射入射光信号。 光信号落在以中心波长为中心的预定波长带内。 台阶阵列具有周期性间隔开至少约五倍于中心波长的距离的多个衍射散射点。 光谱仪还包括光电检测器阵列，其定位成接收由来自电梯组阵列的衍射光产生的远场衍射图并输出表示远场衍射图案的空间图案和相对强度的电信号。 此外，光谱仪包括耦合到光电检测器阵列的处理电路，用于处理电信号以确定光信号的功率谱。 处理器电路通过测量远场衍射图案来校准，并且确定多个不同已知波长的光的SIR。 当光信号被投影到电视节目阵列上时，处理电路通过从对于光信号测量的远场衍射图案中去除在校准期间获得的SIR来确定功率谱。

公开(公告)号：US4820046A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-11

申请号：US120593

申请日：1987-11-12

Applicant: Kenichi Sohma ,  Shigeru Azuhata ,  Kiyoshi Narato ,  Tooru Inada ,  Hironobu Kobayashi ,  Norio Arashi ,  Hiroshi Miyadera

Inventor： Kenichi Sohma ,  Shigeru Azuhata ,  Kiyoshi Narato ,  Tooru Inada ,  Hironobu Kobayashi ,  Norio Arashi ,  Hiroshi Miyadera

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/443 ,  G01N21/72 ,  G01N21/75 ,  G01N21/76 ,  G01J3/30

CPC classification number: G01J3/2823 ,  G01J3/443 ,  G01N21/75 ,  G01J2003/2826 ,  G01J2003/283 ,  G01J3/1809 ,  G01N2021/6406 ,  G01N2021/725 ,  G01N21/72 ,  G01N21/76

Abstract: A spectroscope apparatus includes means for separating light from an object to be measured into spectral components, means for mixing that part of the spectral components which exists in a desired wavelength range, and means for forming an image of the to-be-measured body of mixed light. The image thus obtained is very useful for observing the state of a combustion flame, the progress of photochemical reaction, the progress of biochemical reaction, a desired tissue in a cell, and the state of a flame for analyzing a solution which contains a metal ion, by flame spectrophotometery, that is, provides accurate information and makes possible a precise control operation.

Abstract translation: 分光计装置包括用于将光从被测量物体分离成光谱分量的装置，用于混合存在于所需波长范围内的部分光谱分量的装置，以及用于形成待测物体的图像的装置 混合光。 由此获得的图像对于观察燃烧火焰的状态，光化学反应的进展，生化反应的进展，细胞中的期望组织以及用于分析含有金属离子的溶液的火焰的状态非常有用 ，通过火焰分光光度法，即提供准确的信息并使得可以进行精确的控制操作。

公开(公告)号：US4636074A

公开(公告)日：1987-01-13

申请号：US679080

申请日：1984-12-06

Applicant: Gilbert M. Levy ,  Alexander Quaglia ,  Robert E. Lazure

Inventor： Gilbert M. Levy ,  Alexander Quaglia ,  Robert E. Lazure

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/443

CPC classification number: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/1809 ,  G01J2003/1278 ,  G01J3/2803

Abstract: An optical arrangement for use in spectrometry uses a masking device which eliminates unwanted spectral regions prior to optically resolving the unmasked information. The optical arrangement comprises an entrance slit to select incidence spectral energy from an energized source and a concave grating of relatively low dispersion to image the spectrum of the entrance slit onto a stationary mask which simultaneously selects spectral regions of the dispersed incident spectral energy. The selected spectral regions are collimated and recombined and directed onto an Echelle grating to disperse with high resolution the selected spectral regions. A concave mirror focuses the dispersed selected spectral regions into a focal plane of highly resolved spectral energy which can be detected to determine the spectral information coming from the source. The optical arrangement is particularly well suited for use with narrow spectral bandwidth spectral information distributed over a large spectral range. In spectroscopy, desired information very often occupies a tiny fraction of the total spectral information presented to a spectrometer. With this optical arrangement, spectral information can be selected from a much broader band spectral information and collected with high resolution on a small curvilinear portion of the output focal plane. The arrangement is particularly useful for absorption, light scattering or emission spectroscopy. It provides a stable mechanical design making it less sensitive to vibration. Manufacturing mechanical tolerances are also less restrictive.

Abstract translation: 用于光谱测定的光学装置使用掩蔽装置，其在光学解析未屏蔽的信息之前消除不需要的光谱区域。 光学装置包括入射狭缝，用于选择来自通电源的入射光谱能量和相对低色散的凹形光栅，以将入射狭缝的光谱成像到固定掩模上，同时选择分散的入射光谱能量的光谱区域。 所选择的光谱区域被准直并重组并引导到Echelle光栅上，以高分辨率分散所选择的光谱区域。 凹面镜将分散的所选光谱区域聚焦成高分辨光谱能量的焦平面，其可被检测以确定来自光源的光谱信息。 光学布置特别适用于分布在大光谱范围上的窄光谱带宽光谱信息。 在光谱学中，所需的信息通常占据提供给光谱仪的总光谱信息的一小部分。 利用这种光学布置，可以从更广泛的频谱光谱信息中选择光谱信息，并且在输出焦平面的小曲线部分上以高分辨率收集光谱信息。 该装置对于吸收，光散射或发射光谱特别有用。 它提供了稳定的机械设计，使其对振动的敏感性降低。 制造机械公差的限制也较少。

公开(公告)号：US20230160746A1

公开(公告)日：2023-05-25

申请号：US17920864

申请日：2021-04-27

Applicant: Heriot-Watt University

Inventor： Marius RUTKAUSKAS ,  Derryck REID ,  Yoann ALTMANN

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/1809 ,  G01J3/0229

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for shaping a light spectrum are presented. The apparatus includes a spatial light modulator (140) provided for shaping the spectrum of a primary beam. The spatial light modulator (140) includes an array of cells in which each cell is operable in a first state and a second state. The apparatus also includes a controller (160) configured to change the state of a subset of cells iteratively, based on a stochastic process, to shape the spectrum.

公开(公告)号：US20170016767A1

公开(公告)日：2017-01-19

申请号：US15104755

申请日：2014-12-16

Applicant: Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO

Inventor： James Peter Robert DAY ,  Kees MODDEMEIJER ,  Daniel PEREZ CALERO ,  Tom DUIVENVOORDE ,  Marijn SANDTKE

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/2823 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0256 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/1809

Abstract: The present disclosure concerns a spectrometer (10) and method for generating a two dimensional spectrum (S). The spectrometer (10) comprises a main grating (3) and cross dispersion element (2). An imaging mirror (4) is arranged for reflecting and focussing dispersed radiation (R3) from the main grating (3) towards an image plane (IP) for imaging the two dimensional spectrum (S) onto an image plane (IP) of the spectrometer (10). A correction lens (6) is arranged for correcting optical aberrations in the imaging of the two dimensional spectrum (S) in the image plane (IP). The imaging mirror (4) and correction lens (6) have a coinciding axis of cylindrical symmetry (AS).

Abstract translation: 本公开涉及一种用于产生二维光谱（S）的光谱仪（10）和方法。 光谱仪（10）包括主光栅（3）和交叉色散元件（2）。 成像镜（4）被布置用于将分散的辐射（R3）从主光栅（3）反射并聚焦到图像平面（IP），用于将二维光谱（S）成像到光谱仪的图像平面（IP）上 （10）。 校正透镜（6）被布置用于校正图像平面（IP）中的二维光谱（S）的成像中的光学像差。 成像镜（4）和校正透镜（6）具有圆柱对称（AS）的重合轴。

公开(公告)号：US20120062889A1

公开(公告)日：2012-03-15

申请号：US13086233

申请日：2011-04-13

Applicant: Michael P. Chrisp ,  Joel M. Bowers

Inventor： Michael P. Chrisp ,  Joel M. Bowers

IPC: G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0256 ,  G01J3/0286 ,  G01J3/1809

Abstract: A cryogenically cooled imaging spectrometer that includes a spectrometer housing having a first side and a second side opposite the first side. An entrance slit is on the first side of the spectrometer housing and directs light to a cross-disperser grating. An echelle immersions grating and a catadioptric lens are positioned in the housing to receive the light. A cryogenically cooled detector is located in the housing on the second side of the spectrometer housing. Light from the entrance slit is directed to the cross-disperser grating. The light is directed from the cross-disperser grating to the echelle immersions grating. The light is directed from the echelle immersions grating to the cryogenically cooled detector on the second side of the spectrometer housing.

Abstract translation: 一种低温冷却成像光谱仪，其包括具有第一侧和与第一侧相对的第二侧的光谱仪外壳。 入口狭缝位于光谱仪外壳的第一侧，并将光引导到交叉分散光栅。 折叠式沉没光栅和反射折射透镜位于外壳中以接收光。 低温冷却检测器位于光谱仪外壳第二侧的外壳内。 来自入口狭缝的光被引导到交叉分散光栅。 光从交叉分散器光栅引导到梯子沉浸光栅。 灯从梯子沉浸光栅引导到光谱仪外壳第二侧的低温冷却检测器。

公开(公告)号：US07876435B2

公开(公告)日：2011-01-25

申请号：US11985798

申请日：2008-01-14

Applicant: Helmut Becker-Ross ,  Stefan Florek ,  Michael Okruss

Inventor： Helmut Becker-Ross ,  Stefan Florek ,  Michael Okruss

IPC: G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/1809 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: A method to determine and correct broadband background in complex spectra in a simple and automatized manner includes carrying out a background correction with respect to broadband background before a calibration step. The background correction may involve recording a spectral graph and smoothing the recorded spectral graph, determining all values in the initially recorded graph having a value higher than the value of the smoothed graph and reducing such values to the value of the smoothed graph, and repeating these two steps. The background graph obtained is then subtracted from the initial graph. The smoothing of the graph is carried out by moving average, where each intensity value I at the position x in the spectrum is replaced by an average value. The characteristics of the found peaks can be stored in a file so that the calibration can be used at any time.

Abstract translation: 以简单且自动化的方式确定和校正复谱中的宽带背景的方法包括在校准步骤之前对宽带背景执行背景校正。 背景校正可以包括记录光谱图并平滑所记录的光谱图，确定初始记录的图中具有高于平滑图的值的值的所有值，并将这些值减小为平滑图的值，并重复这些 两步。 然后从初始图中减去所获得的背景图。 通过移动平均来进行曲线的平滑处理，其中频谱中位置x处的每个强度值I被平均值代替。 找到的峰值的特征可以存储在文件中，以便可以随时使用校准。

公开(公告)号：US07389027B2

公开(公告)日：2008-06-17

申请号：US11782481

申请日：2007-07-24

Applicant: Andrew D. Sappey ,  James Howell ,  Henrik Hofvander ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson

Inventor： Andrew D. Sappey ,  James Howell ,  Henrik Hofvander ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson

IPC: G02B6/26

CPC classification number: G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0237 ,  G01J3/024 ,  G01J3/0289 ,  G01J3/0297 ,  G01J3/108 ,  G01J3/1809 ,  G01J5/601 ,  G01J2003/104 ,  G01J2003/423 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N2021/399 ,  G02B6/14

Abstract: A pitch side optical system for use in diode laser spectroscopy consisting of more than one diode laser having select lasing frequencies with each diode laser being coupled to an end of a distinct input optical fiber. The pitch side optical system further consists of a multiplexer optically coupled to the other end of less than all of the input optical fibers with the multiplexer outputting multiplexed laser light to a pitch side optical fiber. The pitch side optical system further consists of a coupler optically coupled to the far end of the pitch side optical fiber and the far end of an unmultiplexed input optical fiber with the coupler combining the multiplexed laser light and the unmultiplexed laser light and outputting the combined light to a transmission optical fiber. Typically, the coupler is located near the combustion process. The pitch side optical system further consists of a pitch optic coupled to the transmission optical fiber. Typically, all optical fibers used in the pitch side optical system are single mode optical fibers.

Abstract translation: 用于二极管激光光谱的俯仰侧光学系统，其由具有选择的激光频率的多于一个的二极管激光器组成，每个二极管激光器耦合到不同的输入光纤的端部。 音调侧光学系统还包括多路复用器，其光耦合到少于所有输入光纤的另一端，多路复用器将多路复用的激光输出到音调侧光纤。 俯仰侧光学系统还包括光耦合到俯仰侧光纤的远端的耦合器和未复用输入光纤的远端，耦合器组合复用的激光和未复用的激光，并输出组合的光 传输光纤。 通常，耦合器位于燃烧过程附近。 俯仰侧光学系统还包括耦合到传输光纤的俯仰光学器件。 通常，在俯仰侧光学系统中使用的所有光纤都是单模光纤。

公开(公告)号：US20080106735A1

公开(公告)日：2008-05-08

申请号：US11985798

申请日：2008-01-14

Applicant: Helmut Becker-Ross ,  Stefan Florek ,  Michael Okruss

Inventor： Helmut Becker-Ross ,  Stefan Florek ,  Michael Okruss

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G06F19/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/1809 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: A method to determine and correct broadband background in complex spectra in a simple and automatized manner includes carrying out a background correction with respect to broadband background before a calibration step. The background correction may involve recording a spectral graph and smoothing the recorded spectral graph, determining all values in the initially recorded graph having a value higher than the value of the smoothed graph and reducing such values to the value of the smoothed graph, and repeating these two steps. The background graph obtained is then subtracted from the initial graph. The smoothing of the graph is carried out by moving average, where each intensity value I at the position x in the spectrum is replaced by an average value. The characteristics of the found peaks can be stored in a file so that the calibration can be used at any time.

Abstract translation: 以简单且自动化的方式确定和校正复谱中的宽带背景的方法包括在校准步骤之前对宽带背景执行背景校正。 背景校正可以包括记录光谱图并平滑所记录的光谱图，确定初始记录的图中具有高于平滑图的值的值的所有值，并将这些值减小为平滑图的值，并重复这些 两步。 然后从初始图中减去所获得的背景图。 通过移动平均来进行曲线的平滑处理，其中频谱中位置x处的每个强度值I被平均值代替。 找到的峰值的特征可以存储在文件中，以便可以随时使用校准。