摘要:
An electrochemical cell in one embodiment includes a negative electrode including a form of lithium, a positive electrode spaced apart from the negative electrode, a separator positioned between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, and an electrolyte including a load leveling agent in contact with the negative electrode.
摘要:
A Dispatch Planner (DP) is a component in an Energy System Controller that controls the operation of energy resources interconnected into one energy system to provide optimal energy management for a customer. In one embodiment, the energy storage system includes an electric load, dispatchable sources of energy such as an electrical grid, diesel generators, combined heat and power generators; renewable sources of energy such as photo-voltaic cells and wind turbines; and stored energy resources such as electrochemical batteries or pumped hydro reserves.
摘要:
An electrochemical battery system in one embodiment includes at least one electrochemical cell, a first sensor configured to generate a current signal indicative of an amplitude of a current passing into or out of the at least one electrochemical cell, a second sensor configured to generate a voltage signal indicative of a voltage across the at least one electrochemical cell, a memory in which command instructions are stored, and a processor configured to execute the command instructions to obtain the current signal and the voltage signal, and to generate an estimated SOC and kinetic parameters for an equivalent circuit model of the at least one electrochemical cell by obtaining a derivative of an open cell voltage, obtaining an estimated nominal capacity of the at least one electrochemical cell, estimating the kinetic parameters using a modified least-square algorithm with forgetting factor, and estimating the SOC using the estimated kinetic parameters.
摘要:
In one embodiment, a flow battery system includes a reactor, a first pump operably connected to a first electrolyte tank and to the reactor, a second pump operably connected to a second electrolyte tank and to the reactor, a memory including program instructions stored therein, and a controller operably connected to the first pump, the second pump, and the memory and configured to execute the program instructions to determine a first flow rate through the first pump based upon first pump operating parameters including a differential pressure across the first pump, control the first pump based upon the first flow rate, determine a second flow rate through the second pump based upon second pump operating parameters including a differential pressure across the second pump, control the second pump based upon the second flow rate.
摘要:
An electrochemical battery system in one embodiment includes at least one electrochemical cell, a current sensor configured to generate a current signal, a voltage sensor configured to generate a voltage signal, a memory in which command instructions are stored, and a processor configured to execute the command instructions to obtain the current signal and the voltage signal, and to generate an estimated cell nominal capacity (Cnom) of the at least one electrochemical cell by estimating a first leg Cnom during a first charging sequence using a first charging current, estimating a second leg Cnom during a second charging sequence using a second charging current, wherein the second charging current is at a current amplitude different from the current amplitude of the first charging current, and generating the cell Cnom based upon the first leg Cnom and the second leg Cnom.
摘要:
A lithium-ion battery cell includes at least two working electrodes, each including an active material, an inert material, an electrolyte and a current collector, a first separator region arranged between the at least two working electrodes to separate the at least two working electrodes so that none of the working electrodes are electronically connected within the cell, an auxiliary electrode including a lithium reservoir, and a second separator region arranged between the auxiliary electrode and the at least two working electrodes to separate the auxiliary electrode from the working electrodes so that none of the working electrodes is electronically connected to the auxiliary electrode within the cell.
摘要:
A planning tool and method for energy asset sizing and optimal dispatch is provided for managing the inter-temporal optimization problem caused by adding energy assets to an energy system. The tool and method are configured to optimally size and to operate energy assets including energy storage assets. Value stream models, asset cost models, constraint and operation strategies are applied in the tool and the optimization process.
摘要:
A system and method for controlling the distribution of energy from a plurality of energy resources to a load. The system includes an energy system controller to control the distribution of energy to an electric load provided by a plurality of energy resources. The energy resources include dispatchable sources of energy such as diesel generators and combined heat and power generators; renewable sources of energy including photo-voltaic cells, wind turbines, and geothermal sources; and storage resources such as electrochemical batteries or pumped hydro reserves.
摘要:
In one embodiment, an electrochemical battery system performs optimized charging of a battery. The electrochemical battery system includes at least one electrochemical cell, a memory storing command instructions, and a controller operably connected to the memory and a current source. The controller executes the command instructions to generate a first prediction of at least one state parameter corresponding to an internal state of the at least one electrochemical cell in the event that a first input current is applied to the at least one electrochemical cell for a predetermined time based upon a present state of the at least one state parameter in the electrochemical cell, determine a second input current based on the first prediction and at least one predetermined state parameter constraint, and control the current source to apply the second input current to the at least one electrochemical cell.
摘要:
A method of monitoring a battery with a controller identifies appropriate times for estimating a state of the battery. The method includes identifying a persistence of excitation in the battery, identifying a magnitude of an electrical current that is supplied to the battery, and performing a state estimation process for the battery only in response to the identified persistence of excitation exceeding a first predetermined threshold and the identified magnitude of the electrical current exceeding a second predetermined threshold.