摘要:
A pump is disclosed which utilizes battery gas for circulating a body of liquid electrolyte in an electrochemical cell. The pump comprises an electrolyte conduit immersed in the electrolyte body and having an electrolyte inlet adjacent the bottom of the electrolyte body, an electrolyte outlet closely below the surface of the body, and a gas inlet below the outlet. The pump also comprises a hood for collecting battery gas rising in the electrolyte body and a passage for conveying collected gas from the hood to the conduit gas inlet. Gas bubbles released into the conduit at the gas inlet rise and carry electrolyte to the outlet, thereby circulating the electrolyte.
摘要:
A method of making a lead-acid storage battery including the step of depositing antimony on the surface of a substantially non-antimonial lead grid used for positive plates. The antimony film/deposit extends the cycle life of non-antimonial grids by maintaining paste-to-grid adhesion without (1) significantly degrading battery initial performance, (2) substantially decreasing the hydrogen overvoltage which leads to gassing, and (3) substantially increasing the battery's tendency toward self-discharge.
摘要:
Metal forming apparatuses provide enhanced thermal efficiency by reducing thermal conduction from a forming tool to a shield. In one embodiment, a shield extends between a tool and a mounting plate, and is in conductive heat transfer relationship with the tool via a plurality of protuberances. In another embodiment, a shield extends between a tool and a mounting plate, and thermally insulating material separates the tool and the shield.
摘要:
A metal forming apparatus characterized by rapid cooling includes a forming tool having a first portion defining a forming surface and a second portion defining a cavity for a working gas. A plurality of fins are in conductive heat transfer relationship with the forming tool. The metal forming apparatus enables a high thermal efficiency mode of operation when the effect of the fins is negated for use during metal forming operation, and a rapid cooling mode for use in preparing for tool maintenance. A corresponding method is also provided.
摘要:
Work hardened sheets of formable metal are annealed by thermal conduction and heated to a forming temperature. In a preferred embodiment, the sheet is placed on a flat surface of a heated lower platen to partially heat and soften the sheet and an opposing heated upper platen is brought close enough to the sheet to contribute heat but not to constrain the sheet as it expands. The platens are then both brought close to the sheet to heat it to its forming temperature largely by thermal conduction.
摘要:
Lightweight grids for lead-sulfuric acid type storage batteries are characterized by their laminated reticulated open meshed portions for retaining chemically active, lead-based paste materials. The laminated portions comprise a support layer of a rigid or semi-rigid plastic, an electrically conductive lead foil layer coextensive with the plastic layer, and a sulfuric acid resistant adhesive bonding layer between the plastic support and foil layers. In a preferred embodiment, the grid wires and nodes are twisted relative to the principal plane of the grid so that the lead foil layer is oriented to face the grid header portion and act as a ledge for retaining a desired battery paste. Such laminated grids may be rapidly and inexpensively formed by expanded metal processes of the type used to make battery grids made entirely of lead.
摘要:
A maintenance-free, lead-acid storage battery including substantially antimony-free plate straps cast from an alloy consisting essentially of about 0.01 to about 1.5% by weight cadmium, about 0.4 to 1.5% by weight zinc, about 0.2 to 0.7% by weight tin and the balance lead.
摘要:
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a friction damped disc brake rotor, including the steps of: (A) providing a ceramic coating on an insert, wherein the insert has a body with tabs extending therefrom to hold the insert in a desired position within a mold; (B) washing the ceramic coating off of the tabs; (C) positioning the insert into the mold; and (D) casting a rotor cheek of the disc brake rotor in the mold around the insert such that a portion of each tab is bonded with the rotor cheek, and such that the coating is substantially non-bonded with the rotor cheek so that the coating provides a proper interfacial boundary between the body and the cheek for damping, and the at least partial bonding of each tab with the rotor cheek prevents corrosion-causing exterior elements from reaching the interfacial boundary when the friction damped disc brake rotor is in use.
摘要:
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a powertrain component enclosure member, including the steps of: (A) positioning at least one insert into a mold, wherein the insert is provided with a coating to prevent bonding between the insert and the casting material; and (B) casting a wall of the powertrain component enclosure member in the mold around the insert such that a major portion of the insert is substantially non-bonded with the casting material to provide a proper interfacial boundary with the casting material for damping.