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公开(公告)号：US5181082A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-19
申请号：US514061
申请日：1990-04-24
CPC分类号： G01N21/83 , G01N21/8507 , G01N2021/054 , G01N2021/1744 , G01N2201/064 , G01N2201/0642 , G01N2201/08 , G01N2201/084
摘要： Radiant energy is transmitted to a probe element including an interior conical reflecting surface and a fluid sample chamber. Portions of the light which have been transmitted, partially attenuated, or scattered by a fluid sample in the sample chamber are directed by at least a portion of the interior conical reflecting surface to means for collecting the transmitted, partially attenuated, or scattered light. A stilling valve incorporated into the probe element enables elimination of entrained gas bubbles from the chamber. A specific application of the probe is disclosed in which a titration analyzer is combined with electro-optic signal conversion and processing circuits and a probe according to the invention to provide titration colorimetric endpoint determination in measuring the free fatty acid content of a fluid such as a edible oil or fat.
摘要翻译： 辐射能量传递到包括内部锥形反射表面和流体样品室的探针元件。 通过样品室中的流体样品透射，部分衰减或散射的光的部分由内部锥形反射表面的至少一部分引导到用于收集透射的，部分衰减的或散射的光的装置。 结合到探针元件中的静止阀能够消除来自腔室的夹带的气泡。 公开了探针的具体应用，其中滴定分析仪与电光信号转换和处理电路组合，根据本发明的探针结合以提供滴定比色终点测定，以测量流体的游离脂肪酸含量，例如 食用油或脂肪。
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公开(公告)号：US5124042A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-23
申请号：US739277
申请日：1991-08-01
CPC分类号： G01N35/085 , G01N31/16 , Y10S210/909 , Y10T436/203332 , Y10T436/255
摘要： A three step flow injection analysis method for determining the degree of neutralization of phenol in solution. The first step is to flow a stream of a carrier liquid, such as water, along one side of a two sided semipermeable membrane, such as a silicone rubber membrane. The second step is to flow a stream of water along the other side of the membrane to a detector, such as a flow through ultraviolet spectrometer, the detector being responsive to the concentration of the phenol in the flowing stream of water. The third step is to add a volume of the solution to the flowing stream of carrier liquid so that the solution is carried to the first side of the membrane where a portion of the phenol permeates across the membrane into the flowing stream of water to be detected by the detector, the degree of neutralization of the phenol in the solution being a function of the response of the detector. The results of the method are substantially unaffected by variations in the concentration of the phenol.
摘要翻译： 用于测定溶液中苯酚中和度的三步流动注射分析方法。 第一步是沿着双面半透膜（例如硅橡胶膜）的一侧流动诸如水的载液的流。 第二步是沿着膜的另一侧流动水流到诸如流过紫外光谱仪的检测器，检测器响应于流动的水流中的苯酚的浓度。 第三步是将一定体积的溶液加入到流动的载体液体流中，使得溶液被运送到膜的第一侧，其中一部分酚渗透穿过膜进入被检测的水流中 通过检测器，溶液中苯酚的中和度是检测器响应的函数。 该方法的结果基本上不受苯酚浓度变化的影响。
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公开(公告)号：US5100804A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-31
申请号：US669161
申请日：1991-03-14
CPC分类号： C08G64/26 , G01N31/164 , Y10T436/19 , Y10T436/196666
摘要： The molar concentration of chloroformate in an organic chloroformate solution is determined by adding an excess of a monohydroxyaromatic compound, water and a catalytic amount of a 4-dialkylaminopyridine such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine, titrating with aqueous base and taking as the end point the volume of base which achieves complete conversation of chloroformate groups to monoaromatic carbonate groups, as shown by a rapid rise in the pH of the aqueous phase of more than two points to a value in the range of 7-9. This method is particularly applicable to the determination of bischloroformate molar concentration in systems to be converted to cyclic polycarbonate oligomers. Conversion may be effected by condensation in the presence of a trialkylamine and aqueous base in the amount of about 3 moles per mole of bischloroformate.
摘要翻译： 氯甲酸酯在有机氯甲酸酯溶液中的摩尔浓度通过加入过量的单羟基芳族化合物，水和催化量的4-二烷基氨基吡啶如4-二甲基氨基吡啶来测定，用碱水溶液滴定，并以作为终点的体积 碱性化合物可使氯甲酸酯基团完全与单芳族碳酸酯基团进行通讯，如水相pH值的快速上升超过两点所示，为7-9。 该方法特别适用于待转化为环状聚碳酸酯低聚物的体系中双氯甲酸酯摩尔浓度的测定。 转化率可以通过在三烷基胺和碱水溶液的存在下以每摩尔二氯甲酸酯约3摩尔的量进行缩合来进行。
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154.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5006312A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-09
申请号：US539646
申请日：1990-06-18
CPC分类号： G01N15/0893 , G01N31/164 , G01N5/00 , G01N33/32 , Y10T436/116664 , Y10T436/12
摘要： A gravimetric method for determining the iodine adsorption number of carbon black is disclosed. The concentration of an accurately weighed iodine solution is determined by titrating with a standardized titrant and determining the concentration of the iodine solution by the weight of the standardized titrant needed to reach the titration endpoint. An appropriate amount of accurately weighed iodine solution is mixed with an accurately weighed amount of carbon black, and the mixture is equilibrated. The concentration of the resulting supernatant is determined by determining the weight of the standardized titrant needed to reach the titration endpoint. The iodine adsorption number is then determined based on the gravimetrically determined concentrations of the solutions. Preferably, the method is semi-or fully automated, and an apparatus for accomplishing the same is disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于测定炭黑的碘吸附数的重量法。 精确称重的碘溶液的浓度通过用标准化滴定剂滴定并通过达到滴定终点所需的标准滴定剂的重量确定碘溶液的浓度来确定。 将适量的精确称量的碘溶液与精确称量的炭黑混合，并使混合物平衡。 通过确定达到滴定终点所需的标准滴定剂的重量来确定所得上清液的浓度。 然后基于重量分辨确定的溶液浓度确定碘吸附数。 优选地，该方法是半自动或全自动的，并且公开了一种用于实现该方法的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US5002892A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-26
申请号：US401347
申请日：1989-08-31
CPC分类号： G01N5/00 , G01N15/0893 , G01N31/164 , G01N33/32 , Y10S436/908 , Y10T436/116664 , Y10T436/19
摘要： A gravimetric method for determining the iodine adsorption number of carbon black is disclosed. The concentration of an accurately weighed iodine solution is determined by titrating with a standardized titrant and determining the concentration of the iodine solution by the weight of the standardized titrant needed to reach the titration endpoint. An appropriate amount of accurately weighed iodine solution is mixed with an accurately weighed amount of carbon black, and the mixture is equilibrated. The concentration of the resulting supernatant is determined by determining the weight of the standardized titrant needed to reach the titration endpoint. The iodine adsorption number is then determined based on the gravimetrically determined concentrations of the solutions. Preferably, the method is semi-or fully automated, and an apparatus for accomplishing the same is disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于测定炭黑的碘吸附数的重量法。 精确称重的碘溶液的浓度通过用标准化滴定剂滴定并通过达到滴定终点所需的标准滴定剂的重量来确定碘溶液的浓度来确定。 将适量的精确称量的碘溶液与精确称量的炭黑混合，并使混合物平衡。 通过确定达到滴定终点所需的标准滴定剂的重量来确定所得上清液的浓度。 然后基于重量分辨确定的溶液浓度确定碘吸附数。 优选地，该方法是半自动或全自动的，并且公开了一种用于实现该方法的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4999305A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-12
申请号：US511875
申请日：1990-04-19
IPC分类号： G01N31/16
CPC分类号： G01N31/162 , G01N31/166 , Y10T436/117497
摘要： A method for titration flow injection analysis by introducing a multicomponent sample into a carrier stream which flows into a mixing/sensing cell and titrating with a reactant more than one component of the sample by sensing a plurality of endpoints. The apparatus of the invention includes a stirring means within the mixing/sensing cell which generates helical flow within the cell so that bubbles are not retained in the cell.
摘要翻译： 由通过感测多个端点引入多组分样品成流入混合/感测单元中的载流子流，并与反应物滴定样品的多于一个组件，其用于滴定流动注射分析的方法。 本发明的装置包括，使气泡不会在细胞保留在细胞内产生螺旋流混合/感测单元内的搅拌装置。
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157.发明授权Apparatus for carrying out a titration procedure for the chemical analysis of a sample 失效用于进行样品化学分析的滴定程序的装置
公开(公告)号：US4873057A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-10
申请号：US27001
申请日：1987-03-10
申请人： Peter M. Robertson , Erwin Suter
发明人： Peter M. Robertson , Erwin Suter
IPC分类号： G01N31/16
CPC分类号： G01N31/16 , Y10T436/116664 , Y10T436/118339 , Y10T436/2575
摘要： The sample and the reagent required for titration are fed into a titration vessel (1), the reagent and/or sample being supplied intermittently in the form of pulses of liquid. Toward this end, a controlled valve (9) is provided in the supply line (4) for the reagent. The opening and closing times of this valve (9) and, hence, the frequency and duration of the pulses of liquid, are chosen such that the ratio of the average sample flow to the average reagent flow is sufficient to achieve the ratio of sample to the reagent at the equivalence point. This renders continuous titration possible, for which only one pump (7) is needed, which does not require any complex servo system and, therefore, has a low energy consumption.
摘要翻译： 将滴定所需的样品和试剂送入滴定容器（1）中，以液体脉冲的形式间歇地供给试剂和/或样品。 为此，在用于试剂的供给管线（4）中设置受控阀（9）。 选择该阀（9）的打开和关闭时间，因此选择液体的脉冲的频率和持续时间，使得平均样品流量与平均试剂流量之比足以达到样品与 试剂在当量点。 这使得可以进行连续滴定，仅需要一个泵（7），其不需要任何复杂的伺服系统，因此具有低的能量消耗。
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公开(公告)号：US4774056A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-27
申请号：US862127
申请日：1986-05-12
申请人： Antonio Ricci , Luciano Romoli
发明人： Antonio Ricci , Luciano Romoli
CPC分类号： G01N15/04
摘要： The apparatus consists of at least one test-tube carrier defining seats for test tubes. The carrier is moved by oscillation or rotary motion about a horizontal axis under the influence of time control means. A structure which is vertically movable relative to the test tubes is fitted with individual means for the photometric observation of the data relating to each test tube and is controlled by time-control means. Processing and recording means collect data relating to the presence of each test tube, the presence of a sample, and the level of said sample, for each test tube seat.
摘要翻译： 该装置由至少一个试管载体构成，用于测试试管的座。 在时间控制装置的影响下，载体通过围绕水平轴的振荡或旋转运动而移动。 可相对于试管垂直移动的结构装有用于光度观测与每个试管有关的数据的各种装置，并由时间控制装置控制。 处理和记录装置收集关于每个试管座的每个试管的存在，样品的存在和所述样品的水平的数据。
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公开(公告)号：US4749552A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-07
申请号：US894308
申请日：1986-08-06
申请人： Hitoshi Sakisako , Masashi Kimura
发明人： Hitoshi Sakisako , Masashi Kimura
IPC分类号： G01N31/16
CPC分类号： G01N31/164 , G01N31/16 , Y10T436/116664 , Y10T436/156666
摘要： Automatic titration analysis apparatus includes a sampling mechanism, a titration mechanism, an analysis mechanism and a control mechanism. The sampling mechanism takes a prescribed quantity of a sample for analysis in accordance with a first signal. The titration mechanism titrates a prescribed quantity of a reagent for analysis of the sample and provides a titer at an end point of the titration according to second signals. The analysis mechanism receives the sample from the sampling mechanism, analyzes the sample and converts a change in the physical properties of the sample caused by the titration into an electrical quantity. The control mechanism provides and applies the first signal to the sampling mechanism, provides and applies the second signals to the titration mechanism, receives the titer from the titration mechanism, receives the electrical quantity from the analysis mechanism, sets the quantity of the sample converted and the titer of the reagent to prescribed values, reads the titer at the end point of the titration, outputs the measured density of the sample calculated therefrom, and controls in sequence the operations of the sampling, titration and analysis mechanisms.
摘要翻译： 自动滴定分析装置包括取样机构，滴定机构，分析机构和控制机构。 采样机构根据第一信号采取规定量的样本进行分析。 滴定机构滴定规定量的用于分析样品的试剂，并根据第二信号提供滴定终点的滴度。 分析机构从采样机构接收样品，分析样品，并将由滴定引起的样品物理性质的变化转换为电量。 控制机制提供并将第一信号应用于采样机构，向滴定机构提供和应用第二信号，从滴定机构接收滴定度，从分析机构接收电量，设置样品转换量和 试剂滴定度达到规定值，读取滴定终点的滴度，输出由其计算的样品的测定密度，并按顺序控制取样，滴定和分析机理的操作。
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公开(公告)号：US4746491A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-24
申请号：US655992
申请日：1984-09-28
申请人： L. Erik Ohlin
发明人： L. Erik Ohlin
CPC分类号： G01N1/38 , B01F15/022 , Y10T137/86831 , Y10T436/119163 , Y10T436/25625 , Y10T436/2575
摘要： An apparatus and method for serial dilution of liquid samples comprises a power-driven measuring valve having a rotatably mounted valve body provided with a single calibrated measuring passageway. During a dilution cycle the measuring passageway in different rotational positions of the valve body successively isolates a measured volume of a sample to be diluted and an equal volume of a first diluted solution of the sample which has been prepared by mixing the isolated undiluted volume of the sample with a measured volume of diluent. In a valve body position between said different rotational positions the measuring passageway is connected to form part of a rinsing flow system.
摘要翻译： 用于液体样品的串联稀释的装置和方法包括具有可旋转地安装的阀体的动力测量阀，其设置有单个校准的测量通道。 在稀释循环期间，阀体的不同旋转位置的测量通道依次将待稀释的样品的体积和等体积的样品的第一稀释溶液相隔离，所述第一稀释溶液通过将分离的未稀释体积 样品与测量体积的稀释剂。 在所述不同旋转位置之间的阀体位置中，测量通道连接以形成冲洗流动系统的一部分。
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