公开(公告)号：US6166683A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-26

申请号：US26545

申请日：1998-02-19

申请人： Patrick Y. Hwang

发明人： Patrick Y. Hwang

IPC分类号： G01S1/00 ,  G01S5/02 ,  G01S5/14 ,  G01S19/15 ,  G01S19/44 ,  G01S19/51

CPC分类号： G01S19/20 ,  G01S19/29 ,  G01S19/55

摘要： A system and method of detecting and correcting for cycle slip in a GPS attitude determination system is presented. The method employs several techniques for detecting and correcting for faults in high integrity carrier phase-related applications. A delta single difference is used as a primary measurement residual in detecting cycle slip. The delta single difference represents the difference in phase of a carrier signal of a GPS satellite at two receiving antennas over two points in time. This delta single difference is compared to a detection failure threshold computed based on certain high integrity needs. Satellites showing a failure are excluded. In addition, satellites that fail a detectability test, indicating the inability to detect a fault, are pre-excluded from attitude solution computation. When re-resolving integer ambiguities associated with fault detection and correction, the method ensures that the integer ambiguity is resolvable via a resolvability algorithm before implementing a solution-based integer ambiguity resolution.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种在GPS姿态测定系统中检测和校正循环滑移的方法。 该方法采用几种技术来检测和校正高完整性载波相位应用中的故障。 在检测循环滑移中，使用Δ单位差作为主要测量残差。 Δ单差表示两个接收天线上两个时间点的GPS卫星的载波信号的相位差。 将该delta差异与基于某些高完整性需求计算的检测失败阈值进行比较。 显示故障的卫星被排除在外。 另外，无法检测到故障的可检测性测试的卫星也被排除在姿态解决方案计算之外。 当重新解决与故障检测和校正相关联的整数模糊度时，该方法可确保在实现基于解的整数模糊度分辨率之前通过可解析性算法可解析整数模糊度。

公开(公告)号：US6163294A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-19

申请号：US151372

申请日：1998-09-10

申请人： Nicholas C. Talbot

发明人： Nicholas C. Talbot

IPC分类号： G01C1/02 ,  G01S1/00 ,  G01S19/04 ,  G01S19/10 ,  G01S19/44 ,  G01S19/46 ,  G01S5/02 ,  G01C3/00 ,  G01C5/00 ,  H04B7/185

CPC分类号： G01S7/4021 ,  G01C1/02 ,  G01S7/497 ,  G01S17/023 ,  G01S19/235 ,  G01S19/37

摘要： A combined satellite positioning and electro-optical total station system including a satellite navigation receiver and a reference oscillator with a reference frequency output that can be related to precision time standards obtained from orbiting navigation-satellite transmissions. Such time standards are output by the satellite navigation receiver and are highly precise. An electronic distance meter (EDM) is included and has an EDM-transmitter for launching an out-bound signal to a distant target, and an EDM-receiver for receiving a reflected signal from the distant target. A phase measurement device is connected to the reference oscillator, and also to both the EDM-transmitter and EDM-receiver. It provides for a measurement of the difference in the number of cycles of the reference frequency between the out-bound signal and the reflected signal. A post-processor is connected, such as by radio link or floppy disk, to receive the measurement of the difference in the number of cycles of the reference frequency and the precision time standards obtained from orbiting navigation-satellite transmissions. Post-processing is then able to relate the corresponding measurements and time standards such that a distance-to-target measurement can ultimately be computed. Therefore routine calibration of the EDM is unnecessary. The measurement of the difference in the number of cycles of the reference frequency is time-tagged and stored for later retrieval to construct a time-ordered log. The precision time standards obtained from the orbiting navigation-satellite transmissions are similarly time-tagged and stored. Thus a series of distance-to-target measurement can be computed according to the order they were originally collected in the field by the EDM, as might be necessary in a legal inquiry.

摘要翻译： 一种组合的卫星定位和电光全站仪系统，包括卫星导航接收机和具有参考频率输出的参考振荡器，该参考频率输出可以与从轨道卫星传输获得的精确时间标准相关。 这种时间标准由卫星导航接收机输出，并且精度高。 包括电子距离计（EDM），并具有用于向远距离目标发射出界信号的EDM发射机，以及用于接收远距离目标的反射信号的EDM接收机。 相位测量装置连接到参考振荡器，也连接到EDM发射机和EDM接收机。 它提供测量出射信号和反射信号之间参考频率的周期数的差异。 连接后处理器，例如通过无线电链路或软盘，以接收参考频率的周期数和从轨道卫星传输获得的精确时间标准的差异的测量。 后处理能够使相应的测量和时间标准相关联，使得最终可以计算距离到目标的测量。 因此，不需要对EDM进行常规校准。 对参考频率的周期数的差异的测量被时间标记并存储以供稍后检索以构建时间序列日志。 从轨道卫星导航卫星传输获得的精确时间标准类似时间标记和存储。 因此，可以根据EDM最初在现场收集的顺序来计算一系列距离到目标的测量，这在法律查询中可能是必要的。

公开(公告)号：US6119376A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-19

申请号：US917394

申请日：1997-08-25

申请人： Greg Stump

发明人： Greg Stump

IPC分类号： G05D1/02 ,  E02D1/00 ,  E02F1/00 ,  E02F5/06 ,  E02F5/10 ,  E02F5/14 ,  E02F9/20 ,  E02F9/26 ,  E21C39/00 ,  G01C15/00 ,  G01S5/14 ,  G01S5/30 ,  G01S13/87 ,  G01S13/88 ,  G01S19/14 ,  G01S19/41 ,  G01S19/44 ,  G01S19/48 ,  G01V3/12 ,  G01V3/15 ,  G01V3/17 ,  G06F17/00 ,  G01S7/28 ,  E02D7/26 ,  G01S13/24

CPC分类号： G01V11/00 ,  E02F5/06 ,  E02F5/145 ,  E02F9/2029 ,  E02F9/2045 ,  E02F9/26 ,  E02F9/262 ,  E21C39/00 ,  G01C15/00 ,  G01S19/14 ,  G01S19/41 ,  G01S19/48 ,  G01V3/12 ,  G01V3/17 ,  G01S13/876 ,  G01S13/885 ,  G01S5/30

摘要： An excavator data acquisition and control system and process for characterizing the subsurface geology of an excavation site, and for utilizing the acquired data to optimize the production performance of an excavator is disclosed. A geologic imaging system and a geographic positioning system are employed to initially survey a predetermined excavation site or route. A geologic characterization unit may also be employed to enhance the geologic imaging data. The acquired data are processed to provide detailed geologic and position data for the excavation site and utilized by a main control unit to optimize excavator production performance. In one embodiment, the main control unit accesses a geologic filter database, which includes geologic profile data for numerous types of geology, when analyzing unknown subsurface geology. Removing geological filter data content corresponding to known geology from the acquired geologic imaging data provides for immediate recognition of unknown and suspect subsurface objects. The geologic imaging system preferably includes a ground penetrating radar system having a plurality of antennas oriented in an orthogonal relationship to provide three-dimensional imaging of subsurface geology.

公开(公告)号：US6020851A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-01

申请号：US944306

申请日：1997-10-06

申请人： Andrew J. Busack

发明人： Andrew J. Busack

IPC分类号： G01S5/00 ,  G01S5/02 ,  G01S5/14 ,  G01S19/44 ,  G01S19/46 ,  G08G1/123 ,  G01S3/02

CPC分类号： G08G1/20 ,  G01S5/0027 ,  G01S5/02 ,  G01S5/14

摘要： An auto race monitoring system provides a race track with a ground positioning system which includes at least three transmitters, transmitting signals to be received by at least a pair of receivers in each of the race cars. Those receivers instantaneously determine their position and, accordingly, exact position and attitude of the race car upon the race track. This information, along with data respecting race car parameters such as vehicle speed, engine temperature and oil pressure, are sent by means of a transmitter to a receiver interconnected with a main frame computer which uses such information to replicate each of the vehicles in the race in real time. The replicated information is made available to the internet and the audio/video receivers connected thereto. Accordingly, a viewer can select any particular race car which he desires to monitor at any particular time in the race and not only view a replication of that vehicle, but also monitor vehicle parameters and listen in on communications between the driver and pit crew.

摘要翻译： 汽车比赛监视系统为赛道提供了一个地面定位系统，该系统包括至少三个发射机，发射信号，由每个赛车中至少一对接收机接收。 这些接收者瞬间确定他们的位置，并因此确定赛车在赛道上的确切位置和姿态。 该信息以及诸如车辆速度，发动机温度和油压之间的赛车参数的数据通过发射器被发送到与使用这种信息的主框架计算机相互连接的接收器，以在比赛中复制每个车辆 实时。 将复制的信息提供给互联网和连接到其的音频/视频接收机。 因此，观众可以在比赛中的任何特定时间选择他想要监视的任何特定的赛车，而不仅仅是查看该车辆的复制，而且还监视车辆参数并监听驾驶员和坑员之间的通信。

公开(公告)号：US6008757A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-28

申请号：US173025

申请日：1998-10-15

申请人： Michel Boulianne ,  Rock Santerre

发明人： Michel Boulianne ,  Rock Santerre

IPC分类号： G01C15/00 ,  G01S5/14 ,  G01S19/14 ,  G01S19/36 ,  G01S19/44 ,  G01S19/46 ,  G01S5/02 ,  H04B7/185

CPC分类号： G01C15/00 ,  G01S19/51

摘要： An extendible surveying probe comprises two collinear position detecting units that allow the probe to be used in an inclined position for accessing vertically inaccessible points with a tip thereof. The two position detecting units may consist of two GPS or GLONASS units used in association with another GPS or GLONASS unit installed on a known point or, alternatively, of two corner cubes used in association with a ground total station. The position detecting units provide spatial coordinates of two spaced-apart collinear points which may be used to extrapolate the coordinates of the point in contact with the tip of the probe.

摘要翻译： 可扩展测量探头包括两个共线位置检测单元，其允许探针在倾斜位置使用，用于利用其尖端访问垂直不可接近的点。 两个位置检测单元可以由安装在已知点上的另一个GPS或GLONASS单元使用的两个GPS或GLONASS单元组成，或者与地面全站仪相关联的两个角立方体组合。 位置检测单元提供两个间隔开的共线点的空间坐标，其可以用于外推与探针的尖端接触的点的坐标。

公开(公告)号：US5936573A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-10

申请号：US888760

申请日：1997-07-07

申请人： Derek Steven Smith

发明人： Derek Steven Smith

IPC分类号： G01S1/00 ,  G01S5/14 ,  G01S19/04 ,  G01S19/10 ,  G01S19/44 ,  G01S19/46 ,  G01S5/02 ,  H04B7/185

CPC分类号： G01S19/20 ,  G01S19/41 ,  G01S19/44

摘要： A first receiver computes its position using data from sources chosen according to conditions at a second receiver and reference data. The computed position is compared with a known position. The data may be GPS positioning data from satellites and/or pseudolites and the reference data may be RTK GPS data provided by an RTK GPS reference station. The conditions at the second receiver generally correspond to satellite constellations and other parameters and the position of the first receiver may be computed by configuring the first receiver to mimic the conditions at the second receiver. The comparison of the computed position to the known position may result in an error measurement which may be used to initiate an alert condition. In a further embodiment, a receiver has first circuitry configured to compute its position using data from sources chosen according conditions at a remote receiver and reference data. The receiver may further include second circuitry for comparing the computed position with a known position. The first circuitry may include a GPS engine which is configured to compute the position from GPS data derived from GPS satellites and/or pseudolites. In yet another embodiment, a system includes a first unit and a second unit, the second unit being configured to compute its position using data from sources chosen according to conditions at the first unit and reference data. The system may also include a reference unit configured to provide RTK GPS reference data to the second unit.

摘要翻译： 第一接收机使用根据第二接收机和参考数据条件选择的源的数据来计算其位置。 将计算出的位置与已知位置进行比较。 数据可以是来自卫星和/或伪卫星的GPS定位数据，并且参考数据可以是由RTK GPS参考站提供的RTK GPS数据。 第二接收机的条件通常对应于卫星星座和其他参数，并且可以通过配置第一接收机来模拟第二接收机的条件来计算第一接收机的位置。 计算的位置与已知位置的比较可能导致可用于启动警报条件的错误测量。 在另一个实施例中，接收机具有第一电路，其被配置为使用来自根据在远程接收机处的条件选择的源的数据和参考数据来计算其位置。 接收机还可以包括用于将计算出的位置与已知位置进行比较的第二电路。 第一电路可以包括GPS引擎，其被配置为从GPS卫星和/或伪卫星导出的GPS数据计算位置。 在另一个实施例中，系统包括第一单元和第二单元，第二单元被配置为使用根据在第一单元处的条件和参考数据选择的源的数据来计算其位置。 该系统还可以包括被配置为向第二单元提供RTK GPS参考数据的参考单元。

公开(公告)号：US5841026A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-24

申请号：US647701

申请日：1996-05-15

申请人： Geoffrey R. Kirk ,  Michael Timo Allison ,  Ian Viney ,  Paul N. Skoog

发明人： Geoffrey R. Kirk ,  Michael Timo Allison ,  Ian Viney ,  Paul N. Skoog

IPC分类号： G01C15/00 ,  G01S5/14 ,  G01S19/32 ,  G01S19/44 ,  G01C21/00

CPC分类号： G01S19/44 ,  G01C15/00 ,  G01S19/04

摘要： A centimeter level survey system includes reference base station and rover GPS units connected by a radio data link. Each includes recorders for the storage of raw measurement information including range, phase, cycle counts and time information. The rover unit is typically moved to points of interest during a survey while the base remains over a fixed, and known location. Generally, the base antenna is located to optimize a clear view of the sky. The rover is subject to interruption of the radio data link from the primary reference station. During periods that the rover is initialized and in contact with the primary reference station base station over the radio data link, the rover provides real time centimeter level position solutions to a survey user, otherwise, the rover records its raw measurements in a file that begins with the last valid initialization information and that ends with any newly reestablished initialization information. A post-processor is initialized by transferring the position filter states and covariance matrix of the real-time processor in the rover directly to the position filter of the post-processor, provided that continuous satellite tracking and no carrier cycle slips have occurred.

摘要翻译： 一厘米级的测量系统包括通过无线电数据链路连接的参考基站和流动站GPS单元。 每个包括用于存储原始测量信息的记录器，包括范围，相位，周期计数和时间信息。 流动站单元通常在测量期间移动到感兴趣点，而基座保持在固定的和已知位置上。 通常，基地天线位于优化天空的清晰视野。 流动站受到来自主参考站的无线电数据链路的中断。 在流动站初始化并通过无线电数据链路与主参考站基站联系的时间段内，流动站向测量用户提供实时厘米级位置解决方案，否则，流动站将其原始测量记录在开始的文件中 最后一个有效的初始化信息，并以任何新重新建立的初始化信息结束。 通过将流动站中的实时处理器的位置滤波器状态和协方差矩阵直接传递到后处理器的位置滤波器来初始化后处理器，前提是连续的卫星跟踪和没有载波周期滑移已经发生。

公开(公告)号：US5757320A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-26

申请号：US769033

申请日：1996-12-17

申请人： Thomas E. McEwan

发明人： Thomas E. McEwan

IPC分类号： G01C3/08 ,  G01F23/284 ,  G01S1/04 ,  G01S5/14 ,  G01S7/282 ,  G01S7/285 ,  G01S7/481 ,  G01S7/486 ,  G01S11/02 ,  G01S13/00 ,  G01S13/02 ,  G01S13/04 ,  G01S13/10 ,  G01S13/18 ,  G01S13/88 ,  G01S13/93 ,  G01S17/10 ,  G01S19/19 ,  G01S19/44 ,  G01S19/46 ,  G01V3/12 ,  G08G1/04 ,  H01Q1/22 ,  H01Q9/30 ,  H01Q19/10 ,  G01S1/24

CPC分类号： H01Q19/106 ,  G01C3/08 ,  G01F23/284 ,  G01S1/045 ,  G01S11/02 ,  G01S13/0209 ,  G01S13/0218 ,  G01S13/04 ,  G01S13/18 ,  G01S13/888 ,  G01S17/10 ,  G01S5/14 ,  G01S7/282 ,  G01S7/285 ,  G01V3/12 ,  G08G1/04 ,  H01Q1/225 ,  H01Q9/30 ,  G01S13/003 ,  G01S13/103 ,  G01S13/106 ,  G01S13/885 ,  G01S17/105 ,  G01S17/107 ,  G01S2013/9314 ,  G01S2013/9321 ,  G01S7/4811 ,  G01S7/486

摘要： A radar range finder and hidden object locator is based on ultra-wide band radar with a high resolution swept range gate. The device generates an equivalent time amplitude scan with a typical range of 4 inches to 20 feet, and an analog range resolution as limited by a jitter of on the order of 0.01 inches. A differential sampling receiver is employed to effectively eliminate ringing and other aberrations induced in the receiver by the near proximity of the transmit antenna, so a background subtraction is not needed, simplifying the circuitry while improving performance. Uses of the invention include a replacement of ultrasound devices for fluid level sensing, automotive radar, such as cruise control and parking assistance, hidden object location, such as stud and rebar finding. Also, this technology can be used when positioned over a highway lane to collect vehicle count and speed data for traffic control.

摘要翻译： 雷达测距仪和隐藏物体定位仪是基于具有高分辨率扫频范围门的超宽带雷达。 该器件产生等效的时间幅度扫描，典型范围为4英寸至20英尺，模拟量程分辨率受限于0.01英寸的抖动。 使用差分采样接收器来有效地消除接收机中靠近发射天线引起的振铃和其他像差，因此不需要背景消除，从而简化电路，同时提高性能。 本发明的用途包括更换用于液位感测的超声波装置，诸如巡航控制和停车辅助的汽车雷达，隐藏物体位置，例如螺柱和钢筋发现。 此外，该技术可以在高速公路车道上使用，以收集车辆数量和速度数据以进行交通控制。

公开(公告)号：US5502641A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-26

申请号：US289224

申请日：1994-08-12

申请人： Hidetoshi Isomura

发明人： Hidetoshi Isomura

IPC分类号： G01C15/00 ,  G01S5/00 ,  G01S19/44 ,  G05D1/00

CPC分类号： G01S19/44 ,  G01C15/00

摘要： A GPS surveying system uses at least four GPS satellites which travel on satellite orbits and a GPS surveying system having a first receiving apparatus for receiving radio waves to be transmitted from each of the GPS satellites and a second receiving apparatus for receiving radio waves to be transmitted from each of the GPS satellites. The first receiving apparatus is disposed in a known point and the second receiving apparatus is disposed in an unknown point. An integrated carrier phase of the radio waves to be received by each of the receiving apparatuses is measured. The integrated carrier phase is recorded at every predetermined interval of time. Three-dimensional coordinate values of the unknown point are obtained based on the recorded integrated carrier phase. When interruption of receiving of the radio waves to be transmitted from the GPS satellites has occurred during the measuring and the recording step, the interruption of receiving is detected. A cycle slip included in the measured integrated carrier phase is corrected after ceasing of the interruption of receiving by adding a correction amount of an integer number value to the integrated carrier phase at a predetermined time before the integration of receiving.

摘要翻译： GPS测量系统使用至少四个在卫星轨道上行进的GPS卫星，以及具有第一接收装置的GPS测量系统，用于接收从每个GPS卫星发射的无线电波;以及第二接收装置，用于接收要传输的无线电波 从每个GPS卫星。 第一接收装置设置在已知点，第二接收装置处于未知点。 测量由每个接收装置接收的无线电波的集成载波相位。 在每个预定的时间间隔记录综合载波相位。 基于记录的集成载波相位获得未知点的三维坐标值。 当在测量和记录步骤期间，发生从GPS卫星发送的无线电波的接收中断时，检测到接收中断。 包含在测量的集成载波相位中的周期滑差在停止接收中断之前通过在整合接收之前的预定时间向综合载波相位加上整数值的校正量来校正。

公开(公告)号：US5497356A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-05

申请号：US435985

申请日：1995-05-05

申请人： John P. Norton, Jr. ,  William H. Behrens

发明人： John P. Norton, Jr. ,  William H. Behrens

IPC分类号： G01S5/14 ,  G01S5/30 ,  G01S19/44 ,  G01S19/46 ,  G01V1/38

CPC分类号： G01V1/3835 ,  G01S5/30

摘要： One or more slave acoustic transponders are secured to selected parts of a seismic bottom cable whose location is imperfectly known. A master transponder broadcasts an interrogation pulse from each of a number of different, known locations distributed along a line of survey. In response to an interrogation pulse, a slave transponder emits an encoded signal that is received by the master transponder. The acoustic flight time between each pulse broadcast and encoded-signal reception constitutes a range measurement to the participating slave transponder. Resolving a gather of several range measurement from different known broadcast locations, focussed on an identifiable transponder, defines the transponder location.

摘要翻译： 一个或多个从属声学应答器被固定到位置不完全已知的地震底部电缆的选定部分。 主转发器从沿着调查线分布的多个不同的已知位置中的每一个广播询问脉冲。 响应于询问脉冲，从应答器发出由主应答器接收的编码信号。 每个脉冲广播和编码信号接收之间的声学​​飞行时间构成参与从属应答器的范围测量。 解决来自不同已知广播位置的多个距离测量的聚集，集中在可识别的应答器上，定义应答器位置。