公开(公告)号：US4818063A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-04

申请号：US835284

申请日：1986-03-03

Applicant: Kuniharu Takizawa

Inventor： Kuniharu Takizawa

IPC: G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/122 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/05 ,  G02B6/10

CPC classification number: G02F1/035 ,  G02F2201/066

Abstract: An optical element comprising: a substrate; an optical waveguide arranged on the substrate; and flat electrodes disposed asymmetrically about the optical waveguide. An electric field is applied through the flat electrodes to the substrate and the optical waveguide so that a refractive index of a portion of the substrate in the vicinity of the optical waveguide is varied to interrupt a light beam propagating through the optical waveguide. The optical modulation, optical switching or the like can be carried out by electrically controlling the difference between refractive indices of the optical waveguide and the substrate in the horizontal direction, so that the nonuniformity of the refractive index of the optical waveguide which causes some problems in conventional branching interference type optical modulator and directional optical coupler do not cause any problem. The optical element has a higher light extinction ratio and the output light is by far stabilized against the variation in temperature.

Abstract translation: 一种光学元件，包括：基板; 布置在所述基板上的光波导; 以及围绕光波导不对称地设置的平板电极。 通过扁平电极将电场施加到基板和光波导，使得光波导附近的基板的一部分的折射率变化，以中断通过光波导传播的光束。 光调制，光切换等可以通过电流控制光波导与基板在水平方向上的折射率之间的差异来实现，从而导致导致一些问题的光波导的折射率的不均匀性 传统的分支干扰型光调制器和定向光耦合器不会引起任何问题。 光学元件具有较高的消光比，并且输出光远离温度变化而稳定。

公开(公告)号：US4691984A

公开(公告)日：1987-09-08

申请号：US781151

申请日：1985-09-26

Applicant: Suwat Thaniyavarn

Inventor： Suwat Thaniyavarn

IPC: G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02B6/10

CPC classification number: G02F1/0353 ,  G02F2001/0142 ,  G02F2201/066 ,  G02F2203/04

Abstract: An electrooptical polarization mode converter that operates independently of the wavelength of the light being converted. The converter includes a titanium in-diffused waveguide formed in a lithium niobate substrate, but light is propagated in the direction of the optic axis, rather than perpendicular to it as in prior devices. Both transverse-electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes experience the same material refractive index, and mode switching can be effected with only minimal phase velocity mismatch, by applying a bias voltage across the waveguide. The phase velocity mismatch is corrected electrooptically by applying an orthogonal electric field to the waveguide, and mode switching and phase velocity correction effects can be controlled independently. The resulting device is not only wavelength independent, but is insensitive to temperature changes, immune to optical damage due to the photorefractive effect and immune to problems often caused by out-diffusion of lithium oxide from lithium niobate.

Abstract translation: 一种电光偏振模式转换器，其独立于被转换的光的波长进行操作。 转换器包括形成在铌酸锂衬底中的钛扩散波导，但是光在光轴的方向上传播，而不是如现有器件那样垂直于它。 横向电（TE）和横向磁（TM）模式都具有相同的材料折射率，并且通过在波导上施加偏置电压，可以仅通过最小的相速度失配来实现模式切换。 通过对波导施加正交电场，电光校正相位速度失配，并且可以独立地控制模式切换和相位速度校正效果。 所得到的器件不仅与波长无关，而且对温度变化不敏感，由于光折射效应而免受光损伤的影响，并且免受由氧化锂从铌酸锂的扩散扩散引起的问题。

公开(公告)号：US4381138A

公开(公告)日：1983-04-26

申请号：US181148

申请日：1980-08-25

Applicant: Lawrence L. Buhl

Inventor： Lawrence L. Buhl

IPC: G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02B5/14

CPC classification number: G02F1/0353 ,  G02F1/3132 ,  G02F2001/0142 ,  G02F2201/066 ,  G02F2201/124 ,  G02F2203/055

Abstract: The response, as a function of frequency, of electrooptic mode converters using comb electrodes has been found to include several peaks at frequencies above and below the desired frequency. These spurious peaks appear to be caused by fringing of the electric field which effectively changes the spatial period of the electrode fingers. To prevent this unwanted coupling, channels have been etched between the comb fingers. The result is to confine the electric field to the narrow region between opposing electrode fingers, thereby minimizing the spurious responses. It also serves to reduce the magnitude of the applied voltage required to produce the same field strength.

Abstract translation: 已经发现，使用梳状电极的电光模式转换器作为频率的函数的响应包括在所需频率之上和之下的频率处的多个峰。 这些虚假的峰似乎是由电场的边缘引起的，这有效地改变电极指的空间周期。 为了防止这种不希望的耦合，在梳齿之间已经蚀刻了通道。 结果是将电场限制在相对的电极指之间的窄区域，从而使杂散响应最小化。 它还用于减小产生相同场强所需的施加电压的大小。

公开(公告)号：US4273411A

公开(公告)日：1981-06-16

申请号：US114832

申请日：1980-01-24

Applicant: Rodney C. Alferness

Inventor： Rodney C. Alferness

IPC: G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02B5/14

CPC classification number: G02F1/3132 ,  G02F1/0353 ,  G02F2201/066 ,  G02F2201/124 ,  G02F2203/055

Abstract: An optical TE.revreaction.TM mode converter, using highly birefringent materials such as lithium niobate, is wavelength sensitive and, as such, can be used as a wavelength filter. However, to extract the filtered (i.e., the mode converted) signal, a separate, high quality polarization selective element is required. This application discloses means for eliminating the need for a separate polarization sensing element by using mode conversion as a means for spatially separating the filtered signal. The filter comprises a pair of mismatched waveguides (11, 12), and phase matching means (14, 15) for producing selective coupling between TE mode wave energy in one of the guides and TM mode wave energy on the other guide.

Abstract translation: 使用诸如铌酸锂的高度双折射材料的光学TE - > TM模式转换器是波长敏感的，因此可以用作波长滤波器。 然而，为了提取滤波的（即，模式转换的）信号，需要单独的高质量偏振选择元件。 本申请公开了通过使用模式转换作为用于空间分离滤波信号的手段来消除对单独偏振感测元件的需要的装置。 滤波器包括一对失配的波导（11,12）和相位匹配装置（14,15），用于产生导向件之一中的TE模式波能量与另一个引导件上的TM模式波能量之间的选择性耦合。

公开(公告)号：US4166669A

公开(公告)日：1979-09-04

申请号：US796787

申请日：1977-05-13

Applicant: Frederick J. Leonberger ,  Joseph P. Donnelly

Inventor： Frederick J. Leonberger ,  Joseph P. Donnelly

IPC: G02B6/126 ,  G02F1/015 ,  G02F1/025 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02B5/14

CPC classification number: G02B6/126 ,  G02F1/025 ,  G02F1/3133 ,  G02F2001/0154 ,  G02F2201/066

Abstract: A planar semiconductor optical waveguide, modulator, variable coupler and switch are described. The waveguide has an epitaxial layer on a semiconductor substrate. Two spaced strips of opposite conductivity type are implanted in the layer to form an optical waveguide channel in the space. By closely spacing two waveguide channels so that they have a common strip and a strip outside each channel, coupling is obtained between the channels. For a switch, the coupling length is such that substantially all the optical energy in the input channel is coupled to and emerges from the other channel. Reverse biasing one of the outside strips causes the optical energy to divide between the input channel and the output channel to provide output power modulation or variable coupling, and substantially complete transfer of power (switching) for a particular value of reverse bias.

Abstract translation: 描述了平面半导体光波导，调制器，可变耦合器和开关。 波导在半导体衬底上具有外延层。 在该层中注入两个相反导电类型的间隔条，以在该空间中形成光波导通道。 通过紧密地间隔两个波导通道，使得它们在每个通道之外具有公共条带和条带，在通道之间获得耦合。 对于开关，耦合长度使得输入通道中的基本上所有的光能耦合到另一个通道并从另一个通道出来。 反向偏置外部条带中的一个导致光能在输入通道和输出通道之间分配，以提供输出功率调制或可变耦合，并且对于特定反向偏置值基本上完全传递功率（切换）。

公开(公告)号：US3923374A

公开(公告)日：1975-12-02

申请号：US49046174

申请日：1974-07-22

Applicant: US NAVY

Inventor： MARTIN WILLIAM E

IPC: G02F1/035 ,  G02B5/14 ,  G02F1/03

CPC classification number: G02F1/035 ,  G02F2201/066

Abstract: An optical waveguide for transmitting light energy is defined by a channel of diffusant in a selected substrate material. An electrical conductor is positioned proximate to each side of the optical waveguide channel and a source of electrical signals is connected to the electrical conductors to develop an electrical field across the optical waveguide, producing resultant changes in refractive index commensurate with the electrical signals impressed upon the parallel electrical conductors. The changes of refractive index cause changes in polarization of light energy transmitted through that portion of the optical waveguide so that such light energy is phase modulated. In a preferred waveguide electro-optic modulator assembly, polarized light energy transmitted by the optical waveguide may undergo a change of polarization which, when intercepted by a polarization-sensitive filter, will produce an amplitude modulation of the light energy transmitted by the assembly.

Abstract translation: 用于透射光能的光波导由所选衬底材料中的扩散通道限定。 电导体靠近光波导通道的每一侧定位，并且电信号源连接到电导体以在该光波导上形成电场，从而产生与施加在该光波导通道上的电信号相当的折射率的所得变化 并联电导体。 折射率的变化导致透过光波导部分的光能的偏振变化，使得这种光能被相位调制。 在优选的波导电光调制器组件中，由光波导传输的偏振光能量可能经历偏振变化，当由偏振敏感滤光器截取时，其将产生由组件传输的光能的幅度调制。

公开(公告)号：US20230296927A1

公开(公告)日：2023-09-21

申请号：US18062748

申请日：2022-12-07

Applicant: Fujitsu Optical Components Limited

Inventor： Masaki Sugiyama

IPC: G02F1/01

CPC classification number: G02F1/0147 ,  G02F1/011 ,  G02F1/0121 ,  G02F2201/063 ,  G02F2201/066 ,  G02F2201/12 ,  G02F2201/42

Abstract: 1An optical device includes a substrate, a dielectric substance that is laminated on the substrate, an optical waveguide that is surrounded by the dielectric substance, and a heater electrode that is disposed on the optical waveguide and that is surrounded by the dielectric substance. The optical waveguide is a rib type optical waveguide that includes a slab and a rib on the slab, that is located below the heater electrode, and that has a structure in which a width of the slab is less than or equal to 11 times a width of the rib.

公开(公告)号：US11740494B2

公开(公告)日：2023-08-29

申请号：US17738945

申请日：2022-05-06

Applicant: ROCKLEY PHOTONICS LIMITED

Inventor： Guomin Yu ,  Aaron John Zilkie

IPC: G02F1/017 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02F1/015 ,  G02F1/025

CPC classification number: G02F1/01708 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02F1/0157 ,  G02F1/025 ,  G02B2006/12078 ,  G02F2201/066

Abstract: An electro-optically active device comprising: a silicon on insulator (SOI) substrate including a silicon base layer, a buried oxide (BOX) layer on top of the silicon base layer, a silicon on insulator (SOI) layer on top of the BOX layer, and a substrate cavity which extends through the SOI layer, the BOX layer and into the silicon base layer, such that a base of the substrate cavity is formed by a portion of the silicon base layer; an electro-optically active waveguide including an electro-optically active stack within the substrate cavity; and a buffer region within the substrate cavity beneath the electro-optically active waveguide, the buffer region comprising a layer of Ge and a layer of GaAs.

公开(公告)号：US20190219888A1

公开(公告)日：2019-07-18

申请号：US15874779

申请日：2018-01-18

Applicant: Litexel Inc.

Inventor： Xiaochen Sun ,  Lingxuan Zhang ,  Ningning Feng

IPC: G02F1/295

CPC classification number: G02F1/2955 ,  G02F2201/066 ,  G02F2201/302 ,  G02F2203/50

Abstract: An on-chip optical phased array includes an array of photonic antenna units connected in series by photonic waveguides and arranged in a two-dimensional array to produce complex still and scanning optical patterns through optical interference effect. Each antenna unit includes an output photonic antenna (e.g. grating antenna), and a waveguide phase shifter for adjusting the optical phase of the optical beam output by the antenna unit. The grating antenna and the waveguide phase shifter are formed in the same optical wave guiding layer which includes a core layer between two cladding layers. The grating antennas may be a shallow-etched structure or a deep-etched edge-modulated grating. The optical phased array, including the array of photonic antenna units and the electrodes that connect and provide electrical power to them, can be made on a single chip of silicon using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) or compatible fabrication processes.

公开(公告)号：US20140010493A1

公开(公告)日：2014-01-09

申请号：US14021148

申请日：2013-09-09

Applicant: NGK INSULATORS, LTD.

Inventor： Jungo Kondo ,  Yuichi Iwata ,  Tetsuya Ejiri

IPC: G02F1/035

CPC classification number: G02F1/035 ,  G01N15/1434 ,  G02B6/122 ,  G02F1/2252 ,  G02F1/2255 ,  G02F2001/212 ,  G02F2201/05 ,  G02F2201/063 ,  G02F2201/066 ,  G02F2201/127 ,  G02F2202/28 ,  G02F2203/21 ,  G02F2203/50 ,  G02F2203/60

Abstract: An optical modulation device 1 includes a supporting body 2 including a pair of grooves 2b, 2c and a protrusion 2d between the grooves, a ridge par 6 including a channel type optical wave guide capable of multi mode propagation, a first side plate part 3A formed in a first side of the ridge part 6, a second side plate part 3B formed in a second side of the ridge part, a first adhesive layer 4A adhering the first side plate part 3A and the supporting body 2, a second adhesive layer 4B adhering the second side plate part 3B and the supporting body 2, and a third adhesive layer 4C adhering the ridge part 6 and the protrusion 2d. The device 1 further includes a first electrode 7A provided on a side face 6b of the ridge part on the first groove side, and a side face 3b and an upper face 3c of the first side plate part, and a second electrode 7B provided on a side face 6c of the ridge part 6 in the second groove side, the second groove 2c and a side face 3b and an upper face 3c of the second side plate part 3B. The first electrode 7A and the second electrode 7B apply a modulation voltage modulating light propagating in the channel type optical wave guide.

Abstract translation: 光调制装置1包括支撑体2，该支撑体2包括一对槽2b，2c和槽之间的突起2d，包括能够进行多模传播的通道型光波导的脊6，形成的第一侧板部3A 在脊部6的第一侧，形成在脊部的第二侧的第二侧板部3B，附着有第一侧板部3A和支撑体2的第一粘合层4A，附着有第二粘合层4B的第二粘合层4B 第二侧板部3B和支撑体2，以及粘附脊部6和突起2d的第三粘合层4C。 装置1还包括设置在第一槽侧的脊部的侧面6b上的第一电极7A和第一侧板部的侧面3b和上表面3c，以及设置在第一槽部侧的第二电极7B 第二槽侧的脊部6的侧面6c，第二槽2c和侧面3b以及第二侧板部3B的上表面3c。 第一电极7A和第二电极7B施加在通道型光波导中传播的调制电压调制光。