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    Method of regulating the oxidation of hydrogen in air, including the transition to combustion, the intensity of combustion, the transition from combustion to explosion and the intensity of explosion
    5.
    发明授权
    Method of regulating the oxidation of hydrogen in air, including the transition to combustion, the intensity of combustion, the transition from combustion to explosion and the intensity of explosion 失效
    调节空气中氢氧化的方法，包括燃烧过渡，燃烧强度，从燃烧到爆炸的转变以及爆炸强度

    公开(公告)号：US6099294A

    公开(公告)日：2000-08-08

    申请号：US680639

    申请日：1996-07-17

    Applicant: Vylen Vagarshovich Azatyan ,  Alexandr Grigoryevich Merzhanov ,  Rafik Grantovich Aivazyan ,  Vladimir Ivanovich Kalachyov

    Inventor： Vylen Vagarshovich Azatyan ,  Alexandr Grigoryevich Merzhanov ,  Rafik Grantovich Aivazyan ,  Vladimir Ivanovich Kalachyov

    IPC: C01B3/00 ,  C06B23/00 ,  C06B43/00 ,  C10L3/00 ,  C10J1/02 ,  F23J7/00

    CPC classification number: C10L3/00 ,  C01B3/00 ,  C06B23/006 ,  C06B43/00 ,  Y02E60/324

    Abstract: According to the present invention, the ignition, combustion and explosion of hydrogen-air mixtures are dependent primarily on the presence of active intermediates (free atomic hydrogen, atomic oxygen and hydroxyl radicals) that serve as chain carriers and enable the propagation of reaction chains. These active intermediates rather than thermal energy are of primary importance to the oxidation process. The proposed inhibitor molecules capture these active intermediates. This capturing in turn suppresses the reaction chains. As a result, the oxidation of hydrogen in air, including the transition to combustion, the intensity of combustion, the transition from combustion to explosion and the intensity of explosion vary inversely with the inhibitor content. Even when the amount of inhibitor is too small to prevent ignition, a greater ignition source is needed and the intensity of combustion is reduced. The transition from combustion to explosion is also made more difficult or prevented. Moreover, the intensity of explosion, if it occurs, will be decreased. Consequently, the choice of inhibitor and control of its concentration in a hydrogen-air mixture provides for a method of regulating (1) the transition to combustion, (2) the intensity of combustion, (3) the transition from combustion to explosion and (4) the intensity of explosion. The proposed inhibitors include saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons with one to eight carbon atoms that have a normal structure, an isostructure or a cyclical structure, including aromatics, and mixtures of such hydrocarbons.

    Abstract translation: 根据本发明，氢空气混合物的点燃，燃烧和爆炸主要取决于作为链载体的活性中间体（游离原子氢，原子氧和羟基自由基）的存在，并且能够使反应链增长。 这些活性中间体而不是热能对氧化过程至关重要。 所提出的抑制剂分子捕获这些活性中间体。 这种捕获反过来又抑制了反应链。 结果，空气中氢的氧化，包括转变为燃烧，燃烧强度，从燃烧到爆炸的转变以及爆炸强度与抑制剂含量成反比变化。 即使抑制剂的量太小而不能防止点燃，也需要更大的点火源，并且降低燃烧强度。 从燃烧到爆炸的过渡也变得更加困难或者被阻止。 此外，如果发生爆炸的强度会降低。 因此，抑制剂的选择和其在氢气混合物中的浓度的控制提供了一种调节（1）过渡到燃烧的方法，（2）燃烧强度，（3）从燃烧转变为爆炸和（ 4）爆炸的强度。 所提出的抑制剂包括具有正常结构，异构结构或循环结构，包括芳族化合物和这些烃的混合物的具有1-8个碳原子的饱和或不饱和烃。

    Alkoxy substituted aromatic stabilizers for crosslinked CMDB propellant
    8.
    发明授权
    Alkoxy substituted aromatic stabilizers for crosslinked CMDB propellant 失效
    用于交联CMDB推进剂的烷氧基取代的芳族稳定剂

    公开(公告)号：US4299636A

    公开(公告)日：1981-11-10

    申请号：US458383

    申请日：1974-04-05

    Applicant: Kenneth O. Hartman ,  James W. Morton

    Inventor： Kenneth O. Hartman ,  James W. Morton

    IPC: C06B23/00 ,  C06B45/10

    CPC classification number: C06B23/006 ,  C06B45/10

    Abstract: A class of alkoxy substituted aromatic stabilizers is provided for double base propellant. These stabilizers are soluble in the energetic plasticizer employed in the propellant. These stabilizers are particularly suitable and useful in diisocyanate crosslinked composite modified double base propellant because they do not react with the crosslinking agents during preparation of the propellant and impart improved thermal stability to such propellants.

    Abstract translation: 为双基推进剂提供了一类烷氧基取代的芳族稳定剂。 这些稳定剂可溶于推进剂中所用的高能增塑剂。 这些稳定剂特别适用于二异氰酸酯交联复合改性双基推进剂，因为它们在制备推进剂期间不与交联剂反应并赋予这种推进剂更好的热稳定性。

    Composite propellant with surface having improved strain capacity
    9.
    发明授权
    Composite propellant with surface having improved strain capacity 失效
    复合推进剂与表面具有改善的应变能力

    公开(公告)号：US4241661A

    公开(公告)日：1980-12-30

    申请号：US781285

    申请日：1968-12-04

    Applicant: Donald E. Elrick ,  Harry Gilbert

    Inventor： Donald E. Elrick ,  Harry Gilbert

    IPC: C06B23/00 ,  C06B45/10 ,  C06B45/12 ,  C08G59/68 ,  C08L63/00 ,  F42B1/00

    CPC classification number: C08G59/685 ,  C06B23/006 ,  C06B45/10 ,  C06B45/12 ,  C08L63/00

    Abstract: The invention is based on the discovery that when at least a part of the initial burning surface of an epoxy cured carboxy terminated rubber type composite propellant is coated with a propellant antioxidant material, an increase in resistance to oxidative hardening and an increase in strain capability is imparted to said surface. The invention provides (1) such a composite propellant coated at an initial burning surface with a propellant antioxidant in an amount sufficient to impart those unexpected improvements, (2) method involving coating the burning surface with the requisite amount of the propellant antioxidant material, and (3) a propellant rocket motor containing the above said propellant. When only a portion of the surface is subject to high strain, e.g. in slot areas, it is sufficient that only that portion of the burning surface be coated.

    Abstract translation: 本发明是基于以下发现：当环氧固化的羧基封端的橡胶类复合推进剂的初始燃烧表面的至少一部分涂覆有推进剂抗氧化剂材料时，耐氧化硬化的增加和应变能力的增加是 赋予所述表面。 本发明提供（1）在初始燃烧表面涂覆有足够赋予这些意想不到的改进量的推进剂抗氧化剂的复合推进剂，（2）将燃烧表面涂覆所需量的推进剂抗氧化剂材料的方法，以及 （3）含有上述推进剂的推进剂火箭发动机。 当仅表面的一部分经受高应变时，例如 在狭槽区域中，只有燃烧表面的那部分被涂覆就足够了。

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