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公开(公告)号：US4870564A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-26
申请号：US195050
申请日：1988-05-17
CPC分类号： G06F11/22 , G05B19/054 , G06F13/124 , G05B2219/1101 , G05B2219/1102 , G05B2219/1103 , G05B2219/1131 , G05B2219/1158 , G05B2219/1162 , G05B2219/1168 , G05B2219/1179 , G05B2219/14084 , G05B2219/14089 , G05B2219/14123 , G05B2219/15018 , G05B2219/34162 , G05B2219/34242
摘要： The invention disclosed provides an intelligent input/output system for a programmable controller and includes a plurality of input/output (I/O) modules, each of which may be located in proximity to the process being controlled. Each module is interconnected, via a communications link, to a central processor unit (CPU) through an I/O controller. Each module is made up of a plurality of input/output circuits and each may be selectively operated as an input circuit or as an output circuit. The selection is preferably under control of the CPU. Each I/O module includes an operations control unit for controlling each I/O circuit and for providing an exchange of diagnostic and control signals between each I/O circuit and the I/O controller and CPU. Communications between the operations control unit and each I/O circuit is preferably carried out via a pair of conductors, one conductor of which conveys a set of recurring control signals (e.g., in signal frames) and the other of which conveys encoded diagnostic signals.
摘要翻译： 所公开的本发明提供了一种用于可编程控制器的智能输入/输出系统，并且包括多个输入/输出（I / O）模块，每个模块可以位于被控制过程附近。 每个模块通过通信链路通过I / O控制器互连到中央处理器单元（CPU）。 每个模块由多个输入/输出电路组成，并且每个模块可以选择性地操作为输入电路或作为输出电路。 该选择优选地在CPU的控制下。 每个I / O模块包括用于控制每个I / O电路并且在每个I / O电路和I / O控制器和CPU之间提供诊断和控制信号交换的操作控制单元。 操作控制单元和每个I / O电路之间的通信优选地经由一对导体执行，一对导体传送一组循环控制信号（例如，在信号帧中），另一个导体传送编码的诊断信号。
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公开(公告)号：US4764868A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-16
申请号：US931005
申请日：1986-11-17
CPC分类号： G06F13/124 , G05B19/054 , G06F11/22 , G05B2219/1101 , G05B2219/1102 , G05B2219/1103 , G05B2219/1131 , G05B2219/1158 , G05B2219/1162 , G05B2219/1168 , G05B2219/1179 , G05B2219/14084 , G05B2219/14089 , G05B2219/14123 , G05B2219/15018 , G05B2219/34162 , G05B2219/34242
摘要： An intelligent input/output system for a programmable controller includes a plurality of input/output (I/O) modules, each of which may be located in proximity to the process being controlled. Each module is interconnected, via a communications link, to a central processor unit (CPU) through an I/O controller. Each module is made up of a plurality of input/output circuits and each may be selectively operated as an input circuit or as an output circuit. The selection is preferably under control of the CPU. Each I/O module includes an operations control unit for controlling each I/O circuit and for providing an exchange of diagnostic and control signals between each I/O circuit and the I/O controller and CPU. Communications between the operations control unit and each I/O circuit is preferably carried out via a pair of conductors, one conductor of which conveys a set of recurring control signals (e.g., in signal frames) and the other of which conveys encoded diagnostic signals.
摘要翻译： 用于可编程控制器的智能输入/输出系统包括多个输入/输出（I / O）模块，每个模块可以位于被控制过程附近。 每个模块通过通信链路通过I / O控制器互连到中央处理器单元（CPU）。 每个模块由多个输入/输出电路组成，并且每个模块可以选择性地操作为输入电路或作为输出电路。 该选择优选地在CPU的控制下。 每个I / O模块包括用于控制每个I / O电路并且在每个I / O电路和I / O控制器和CPU之间提供诊断和控制信号交换的操作控制单元。 操作控制单元和每个I / O电路之间的通信优选地经由一对导体执行，一对导体传送一组循环控制信号（例如，在信号帧中），另一个传送编码的诊断信号。
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公开(公告)号：US4593380A
公开(公告)日：1986-06-03
申请号：US617162
申请日：1984-06-04
CPC分类号： G05B19/058 , G05B2219/21115
摘要： The invention disclosed provides circuitry which is selectively operable either as an input point or as an output point in a programmable controller having multiple input and output points for exchanging signals between a central processing unit (CPU) of the controller and a process being controlled. Preferably, operation as an input point or as an output point is under control of the CPU. The invention includes a common input/output terminal for terminating both input and output devices; an input return terminal for terminating a return conductor from the input device; an output return terminal for terminating a return conductor from the output device; a preload resistor connected between the input/output terminal and the output return terminal so that a status signal is developed across the preload resistor indicating the status (generally, open or closed) of the input device; and an insulated gate transistor (IGT) connected between the input/output terminal and the input return terminal. The insulated gate transistor, capable of being triggered on and off, is held in an off state whenever the circuit is selected to be operated as an input point and is triggered on and off when the circuit is selected to operate as an output point. Most preferably, the IGT includes a main current section and an emulation current section and is arranged such that a burden resistor in series with the emulation section provides a diagnostic signal indicative of total IGT current.
摘要翻译： 所公开的发明提供了可选择地可操作地作为可编程控制器中的输入点或作为输出点的电路，该可编程控制器具有用于在控制器的中央处理单元（CPU）和被控制的进程之间交换信号的多个输入和输出点。 优选地，作为输入点或作为输出点的操作在CPU的控制下。 本发明包括用于终止输入和输出设备的公共输入/输出端子; 输入返回端子，用于从输入装置端接返回导体; 输出返回端子，用于从输出装置端接返回导体; 连接在输入/输出端子和输出返回端子之间的预加载电阻器，使得在预加载电阻器上产生指示输入装置的状态（通常为开路或关闭）的状态信号; 以及连接在输入/输出端子和输入返回端子之间的绝缘栅晶体管（IGT）。 每当选择电路作为输入点操作时，能够被触发导通和关断的绝缘栅极晶体管保持在断开状态，并且当电路被选择为操作作为输出点时被触发导通和关断。 最优选地，IGT包括主电流部分和仿真电流部分，并且被布置成使得与仿真部分串联的负载电阻器提供指示总IGT电流的诊断信号。
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4.发明授权Method and apparatus for improved efficiency in a pulse-width-modulated alternating current motor drive 失效用于提高脉冲宽度调制的交流电动机驱动器的效率的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5287051A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-15
申请号：US837467
申请日：1992-02-14
IPC分类号： H02P27/08 , B60L11/18 , H02M7/5387 , H02P27/06 , H02P5/40
CPC分类号： H02M7/53875 , B60L11/1803 , B60L2210/40 , Y02T10/7005 , Y02T10/7241
摘要： A scheme for optimizing the efficiency of an AC motor drive operated in a pulse-width-modulated mode provides that the modulation frequency of the power furnished to the motor is a function of commanded motor torque and is higher at lower torque requirements than at higher torque requirements.
摘要翻译： 用于优化以脉冲宽度调制模式操作的AC电动机驱动器的效率的方案提供了提供给电动机的电力的调制频率是指令电动机转矩的函数，并且在较低转矩要求下比在较高转矩下更高 要求。
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公开(公告)号：US4449080A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-15
申请号：US382477
申请日：1982-05-27
CPC分类号： H02H7/0838 , Y10S388/903 , Y10S388/92
摘要： A fault detection and inhibit circuit for a power control unit in an electric traction motor propelled vehicle of the type wherein the power control unit includes a chopper circuit and a bypass contactor for shunting the chopper circuit when its percent conduction exceeds a relatively high value and a main contactor for connecting the chopper circuit and motor to a power source. The circuit assures that neither the main contactor, the bypass contactor nor the chopper circuit are in a shorted condition before permitting the application of power to the system. In the event of a running failure, the circuit prevents restarting until the failed condition has recovered.
摘要翻译： 一种用于电力牵引电动机推进车辆中的功率控制单元的故障检测和禁止电路，其中电力控制单元包括斩波电路和旁路接触器，用于在斩波电路的百分比传导超过相对高的值时分流，并且 将斩波电路和电机连接到电源的主接触器。 该电路确保在允许向系统施加电力之前，主接触器，旁路接触器和斩波电路都不处于短路状态。 在运行失败的情况下，电路可以防止重新启动，直到故障状态恢复。
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公开(公告)号：US4454503A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-12
申请号：US299047
申请日：1981-09-03
申请人： Charles E. Konrad
发明人： Charles E. Konrad
CPC分类号： H02H7/0844 , G01R31/40
摘要： A transistor fault indicator circuit monitors the conduction state of a transistor and compares that state to a commanded state. Differences in states are treated as faults and actuate an alarm or shut down the system including the transistor. In systems in which the transistor may be operated in a continuous conduction mode for long time periods, a control circuit is provided to periodically short circuit the base-emitter bias of the transistor to force a momentary period of nonconduction during which time the proper operation of the transistor can be verified.
摘要翻译： 晶体管故障指示器电路监视晶体管的导通状态，并将该状态与指令状态进行比较。 状态差异被视为故障，并启动报警或关闭包括晶体管在内的系统。 在其中晶体管可以在连续导通模式下长时间操作的系统中，提供控制电路以周期性地短路晶体管的基极 - 发射极偏压，以迫使非导通的瞬间周期，在此期间， 可以验证晶体管。
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公开(公告)号：US4443744A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-17
申请号：US453559
申请日：1982-12-27
申请人： Charles E. Konrad
发明人： Charles E. Konrad
CPC分类号： H02P7/281 , B60L3/0023 , Y02T10/642
摘要： For protection against commutation failures in a motor control circuit, there is provided a method and apparatus by which the charge on a commutating capacitor is made to track the armature current of a separately excited motor regardless of the operating mode of the motor. In preferred form, a commutating network is provided having a commutating capacitor, a charge reversal thyristor, and a commutating thyristor configured to cause commutation of a main, control thyristor upon sequentially gating the charge reversal thyristor and the commutating thyristor with charge of sufficient magnitude stored on the capacitor. The thyristors of the commutating network are gated according to the operating mode of the motor; thus, there is included a means, or step, for sensing the motor operating mode. In the braking mode, the main thyristor is inhibited while the charge reversal and commutating thyristors are alternately, sequentially gated such that commutating capacitor charge is at all times proportional to the braking current. Upon resuming operation in the motoring mode, there is assurance that capacitor charge is sufficient to prevent commutation failures.
摘要翻译： 为了防止电动机控制电路中的换向故障，提供了一种方法和装置，通过该方法和装置，使得换向电容器上的电荷跟踪单独激励的电动机的电枢电流，而与电动机的操作模式无关。 在优选形式中，提供换向网络，其具有整流电容器，电荷反向晶闸管和整流晶闸管，其被配置为在以足够大的电量存储的电荷顺序地选通电荷反向晶闸管和换向晶闸管时引起主控制晶闸管的换向 在电容上。 整流网络的晶闸管根据电机的工作模式选通; 因此，包括用于感测电机操作模式的手段或步骤。 在制动模式下，当电荷反转和换向晶闸管交替地顺序选通时，主晶闸管被禁止，使得整流电容器充电始终与制动电流成正比。 在电机运行模式下恢复运行时，保证电容充电足以防止换向故障。
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公开(公告)号：US4423362A
公开(公告)日：1983-12-27
申请号：US379867
申请日：1982-05-19
CPC分类号： H02P7/285 , B60L15/08 , H02P7/298 , Y02T10/645 , Y02T10/7258 , Y10S388/903 , Y10S388/92 , Y10S388/934
摘要： A control system for a separately excited DC electric traction motor in an electrically powered vehicle incorporates a plurality of current limit functions designed to protect both the motor and control electronics. A time dependent current limit is utilized to permit overcurrent conditions for limited time intervals such that additional power can be obtained for sudden torque requirements without having to design the motor or control electronics to function under continuous high torque conditions. The continuous current limit values based on percent conduction time of a thyristor chopper circuit in the control system is modified in response to overheating of the motor and the main switching thyristor, to overvoltage on the thyristor commutating capacitor and to available voltage for powering the motor.
摘要翻译： 用于电动车辆中的单独激励的直流电力牵引电动机的控制系统包括设计成保护电动机和控制电子装置的多个限流功能。 利用时间相关的电流限制来允许有限时间间隔的过电流条件，使得可以获得突发的转矩要求的附加功率，而不必将电动机或控制电子设备设计为在连续的高扭矩条件下起作用。 基于控制系统中的晶闸管斩波电路的导通时间百分比的连续电流限制值是根据电动机和主开关晶闸管的过热，晶闸管换向电容器的过电压以及为电动机供电的可用电压进行修改的。
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公开(公告)号：US4320334A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-16
申请号：US192882
申请日：1980-10-01
CPC分类号： G01R19/16542 , G01R31/3682 , Y10S320/21 , Y10S320/34
摘要： Apparatus for providing a continuous indication of battery state-of-charge under load in a system in which the battery is subject to varying load conditions. The apparatus stores a value representative of battery open circuit terminal voltage and reduces the stored value while the battery is loaded at a rate proportional to the difference between the stored value and a scaled value of actual battery terminal voltage. If the scaled value exceeds the stored value, the stored value is increased to a value corresponding to the scaled value.
摘要翻译： 用于在其中电池经受变化的负载条件的系统中提供负载下的电池充电状态的连续指示的装置。 该装置存储代表电池开路端子电压的值，并且在以与存储值和实际电池端子电压的缩放值成比例的速率加载电池的同时减小存储值。 如果缩放值超过存储值，则将存储的值增加到与缩放值对应的值。
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10.发明授权Ground fault detection and protection method for a variable speed ac electric motor 失效变速交流电动机的接地故障检测和保护方法
公开(公告)号：US5945802A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-31
申请号：US966289
申请日：1997-11-07
IPC分类号： G01R31/02 , F04D15/00 , G01R31/327 , G01R31/333 , G01R31/34 , H02M7/529 , H02P23/00 , H02P23/08 , H02P27/06 , H02P27/08 , H02P5/40
CPC分类号： G01R31/025 , F04D15/0066 , G01R31/343 , H02P23/0077 , H02P23/08 , H02P27/08 , H02H11/005 , H02H7/0833
摘要： A method and apparatus for detecting the presence of a ground leakage path in an electric motor system including an alternating current (ac) electric motor coupled for receiving electric power from a switching inverter of the type having, for each phase of the motor, a pair of serially connected electronic switching devices connected between relatively positive and negative direct current (dc) voltage buses with the switching devices being alternately gated into and out of conduction for providing switched electric power to the motor. The inverter includes a current detector for detecting current in the relatively negative voltage bus. The method comprises initially applying a gating pulse each time the motor is energized to the switching device of each phase connected to the negative voltage bus and identifying a ground leakage path when such gating pulse produces current at the current detector. Preferably, the first gating pulse is of very short time duration and the process of applying gating pulses is repeated for each of a plurality of continuously increasing pulse widths until a selected maximum width is attained without generating current. Thereafter, the motor is started in a conventional manner.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测电动机系统中存在接地泄漏路径的方法和装置，该电动机系统包括用于接收来自具有对于电动机的每相的一对的开关变换器的电力的交流（ac）电动机， 连接在相对正和负直流（dc）电压总线之间的串联电子开关装置，其中开关装置交替地选通和导通，以向电动机提供开关电力。 逆变器包括用于检测相对负电压总线中的电流的电流检测器。 该方法包括：每当电动机通电到连接到负电压总线的每相的开关装置时首先施加选通脉冲，并且当这种门控脉冲在电流检测器处产生电流时识别接地泄漏路径。 优选地，第一选通脉冲具有非常短的持续时间，并且对于多个连续增加的脉冲宽度中的每一个重复施加门控脉冲的处理，直到获得所选择的最大宽度而不产生电流。 此后，以常规的方式起动电动机。
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