Abstract:
A memory device includes data pads that are connected to an external memory controller, a ZQ pad that is connected to an external resistor, data drivers and receivers that are connected to the data pads and output first data signals to the data pads or receive second data signals from the data pads, and a ZQ calibrator that is connected to the ZQ pad. The memory device performs ZQ calibration based on a voltage of the ZQ pad, generates ZQ codes as a result of the ZQ calibration, and provides the ZQ codes to the data drivers and receivers. The ZQ calibrator performs a first-type ZQ calibration in response to a command received from the external memory controller and performs a second-type ZQ calibration without the command being received from the external memory controller.
Abstract:
A phase-locked loop (PLL) includes a counter configured to measure voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) information of an oscillator during a mask time, and a frequency tuner configured to tune a frequency of the oscillator to a target frequency, based on a comparison result obtained by comparing the VCO information to target frequency information.
Abstract:
A transceiver may include a reception (Rx) radio frequency (RF) part configured to process a received signal, a transmission (Tx) RF part configured to process a transmitted signal, and a phase lock loop (PLL) configured to provide a reception frequency to the reception RF part and provide a transmission frequency to the transmission RF part. The PLL may be controlled according to whether the reception RF part or the transmission RF part is on. In addition, a transceiver may include quenching waveform generator (QWGs) to control quenching waveforms of the RF parts corresponding to a plurality of antennas. The quenching waveforms may be generated respectively by VCOs operating at a same frequency. The QWGs may control the VCOs such that the quenching waveforms do not overlap.
Abstract:
A duty cycle corrector includes a delay chain, an edge detector, a falling edge shift (FES) controller, a plurality of falling edge modulator (FEM) cores, and a phase interpolator. The delay chain delays a first clock to generate a delay clock, and generates first and second sampling control signals. The edge detector samples the first clock and a second clock using the first and second sampling control signals to obtain first and second sampling signals. The FES controller determines a modulation direction and a modulation width based on the first and second sampling signals. The plurality of FEM cores first modulate the first edge of the first clock and second modulate the first edge of the delay clock using the modulation direction and the modulation width. The phase interpolator performs phase interpolation on the results of the first and second modulations.
Abstract:
A transceiver may include a reception (Rx) radio frequency (RF) part configured to process a received signal, a transmission (Tx) RF part configured to process a transmitted signal, and a phase lock loop (PLL) configured to provide a reception frequency to the reception RF part and provide a transmission frequency to the transmission RF part. The PLL may be controlled according to whether the reception RF part or the transmission RF part is on. In addition, a transceiver may include quenching waveform generator (QWGs) to control quenching waveforms of the RF parts corresponding to a plurality of antennas. The quenching waveforms may be generated respectively by VCOs operating at a same frequency. The QWGs may control the VCOs such that the quenching waveforms do not overlap.