A programming method and a semiconductor device are provided. The semiconductor device includes a memory string that includes a plurality of first memory cells and a first dummy cell stacked in sequence, and each first memory cell is connected to a respective word line, and a gate of the first dummy cell is connected to a first dummy word line. The method includes: in a programming phase, applying a first pass voltage to a word line corresponding to a first unprogrammed memory cell, wherein the first unprogrammed memory cell is an unprogrammed memory cell of the plurality of first memory cells separated from a to-be-programmed memory cell by a first preset number of first memory cells; and after applying the first pass voltage to the word line corresponding to the first unprogrammed memory cell, applying a programming voltage to the word line corresponding to the to-be-programmed memory cell.