The present invention discloses a thermal parameter acquisition device and method based on a mobile terminal application. The device comprises a handheld terminal for performing wireless data collection of smart meters, digital displays and traditional pointer display meters at industrial sites and for uploading various thermal parameters and a host computer that processes, stores and monitors the data, and the handheld terminal and the host computer are wirelessly connected through a data transceiver module. In the invention, four types of thermal parameter information are collected by the use of the intelligent terminal, and different data preprocessing, transmission and corresponding data analysis are conducted according to different thermal parameter information collection methods, so that the existing resources are used rationally. For various devices of some high-energy-consuming industries such as smelting, coal processing, raw materials processing and the like, without affecting the normal operation and system operation and not changing the current meters, various data parameters can be obtained easily, so as to provide a favorable data basis for energy conservation, process improvement and equipment modification.