The invention relates to a traffic conflict identification method based on the eye movement characteristic of a driver. The method comprises that all pupil diameter data and blink data when the driver drives on the whole virtual design road are collected; the peak points of the pupil diameter in different traffic conflicts are identified from the initial pupil diameter data to be matched and serve as an initial condition for iteration, and a maximum set of the pupil diameter peak points of traffic conflicts is obtained; the point which firstly reaches the pupil diameter mean of normal driving on the left of each peak point and the first blinking point on the right of the peak point are positioned; and the two positioning points serve as the beginning point and the ending point of the traffic conflict respectively. The method satisfies the principle that road design is theoretically based on the traffic requirements of road users as well as physical-mental reaction characteristics, a traffic conflict identification result is highly consistent with a sensing result of the driver, and the method can be used for road security assessment, road shape design and reasonable traffic system planning that satisfy sensing of the users.