The invention discloses a hydraulic antiskid self-locking differential mechanism, and belongs to the technical field of differential mechanisms. The hydraulic antiskid self-locking differential mechanism comprises a differential mechanism body and a hydraulic differential lock matched with the differential mechanism body, and the hydraulic differential lock comprises a differential lock hub, a piston rod, a pressure plate and a spline sleeve arranged on a left half shaft inside the differential mechanism body. A driving friction plate and a driven friction plate are arranged outside the spline sleeve. When a tire skids, a piston pushes the piston rod under the action of pressure oil and then pushes the pressure plate to compress the friction plates, a driven spiral bevel gear directly transfers power to the half shaft through a differential mechanism shell, and the differential mechanism body does not work at this moment. The hydraulic antiskid self-locking differential mechanism has the advantages that the structure is simple, manufacturing is easy, and the differential and torque-differential-free function of a common differential mechanism is achieved; when a vehicle skids or falls into mud, the common differential mechanism can be completely locked through the antiskid self-locking function, all torque can be transferred, the vehicle is prevented from skidding, and the trafficability characteristic of the vehicle is improved.