The invention discloses a self-adaptive in-position device provided with automatic following function. The self-adaptive in-position device comprises an installation bottom plate, an X direction displacement sensor and an adjusting mechanism are arranged on the installation bottom plate, a cross follower plate is connected on the bottom plate through two cross-roller guides, a Y direction displacement sensor is arranged on the cross follower plate, and an upper connecting plate is fixedly connected through the two cross-roller guides in the vertical direction, a fixture body and three follower locking hydraulic cylinders, a clamping hydraulic cylinder on the side surface of the fixture is connected with a moving wedge, a roller and two post rods are arranged on the upper part of the moving wedge, the post rods are connected with a claw through straight pins, the claw is connected with the fixture body through the straight pin and can be rotated, a technological ball head is arranged inside an inverse taper die cavity on the upper part of the fixture body, a force sensor is arranged at the bottom of the die cavity, and a top cover is arranged at the upper part of the fixture body. The self-adaptive in-position device has excellent automatic follower function, the fixing and loosening without extra stress can be realized, self-locking can be realized during the fixing, and the self-adaptive in-position device is provided with the functions of real-time feedback of follower displacement, in-position detection and force control.