The invention provides a structure of a switching locomotive operation safety monitoring expert system, relating to computer integrated control field. At present, the accident incidence of domestic railway switching operation is high and the plane switching light display system is applied in the switching operation process; however, the errors are easy to occur when a dispatcher and a driver determine the ground locomotive information, thus generating the switching accident. The invention changes the manual control type of the switching operation into computer auxiliary monitoring type, comprising a ground expert system and a vehicle-bond expert system; the locomotive is positioned and oriented by virtue of an RRID; the timely display of the ground locomotive signals and planed task operation lists on the locomotive are implemented by the wireless data transmission technology; drivers can clearly know the ground situation through the display and implement automatic judgments and control, thus ensuring the safety, the exactness and the reliability of the switching operation.