Method and device in the cooling of the circulating material in a
fluidized-bed boiler
    3.
    发明授权
    Method and device in the cooling of the circulating material in a fluidized-bed boiler 失效
    在流化床锅炉中冷却循环材料的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US5660148A

    公开(公告)日:1997-08-26

    申请号:US199263

    申请日:1994-02-24

    申请人: Markku Raiko

    发明人: Markku Raiko

    摘要: The invention concerns a method and a device in the cooling of the circulating material in a fluidized-bed boiler. In the method the fuel (A) is introduced into the circulating-powder combustion chamber (10) of the fluidized-bed boiler into the lower part of the circulating-powder combustion chamber (10) and an inert circulating material, which contains a proportion of unburned powdered fuel (A), is circulated from the top part of the circulating-powder combustion chamber (10) to the lower part of the circulating-powder combustion chamber (10). The flue gases are passed in the method from the powder separator (13) along the duct (15) into the exhaust-gas boiler (16), through whose heat exchanger (16a) thermal energy of the flue gases is transferred further to other useful use. In the method, part of the cooled flue gases are recirculated along the duct (20) into the circulating material and, by means of the cooled flue gases, the capacity of cooling of the fluidized-bed furnace is regulated by affecting the temperature of the circulating material.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / FI92 / 00238 Sec。 371日期1994年2月24日 102(e)1994年2月24日PCT PCT 1992年9月9日PCT公布。 公开号WO93 / 05340 日期1993年3月18日本发明涉及在流化床锅炉中冷却循环物质的方法和装置。 在该方法中,将燃料(A)引入流化床锅炉的循环粉末燃烧室(10)进入循环粉末燃烧室(10)的下部和含有比例的惰性循环材料 未燃烧粉末燃料(A)的循环粉末燃烧室(10)的上部循环至循环粉末燃烧室(10)的下部。 烟道气以方法从粉末分离器(13)沿管道(15)通入废气锅炉(16),通过其将烟道气的热能进一步转移到其它有用的 使用。 在该方法中,一部分冷却的烟道气沿管道(20)再循环进入循环材料,并且通过冷却的烟道气,通过影响流化床炉的温度来调节流化床炉的冷却能力 循环材料。

    Ash control valve for a circulating fluidized bed combustor
    4.
    发明授权
    Ash control valve for a circulating fluidized bed combustor 失效
    用于循环流化床燃烧器的灰分控制阀

    公开(公告)号:US5642676A

    公开(公告)日:1997-07-01

    申请号:US533570

    申请日:1995-09-25

    摘要: An ash control valve apparatus for use in a system that includes a fluidized-bed system which includes a housing, a seat in the housing for passage of particulate material, a plug dimensioned and configured for mating engagement with the seat, and apparatus for moving the plug from a first position wherein the plug is disposed in seated engagement with the seat to a second position wherein the plug is disposed in spaced relationship to the seat. The apparatus for moving the plug includes apparatus for mounting the plug that includes an elongated tube to which the plug is fixed. The apparatus for mounting includes a plurality of axially extending ribs disposed on the circumference of the elongated tube and a plurality of channels disposed in a bore in the plug. Apparatus in the plug cooperates with the plurality of channels to define a bayonet type receiving structure dimensioned and configured for receiving the plurality of axially extending ribs and allowing relative rotational movement between the plug and the ribs to produce locking engagement therebetween. In some forms of the apparatus the apparatus for cooling the tube includes a concentric hollow internal member for directing flow of a coolant along the axial extent of the tube. A portion of the tube may extend through a wall of the housing opposite the seat; and a bonnet assembly may surround the axial portion of the tube may extending through a wall of the housing, the bonnet assembly insures a dynamic seal between the tube and the bonnet assembly as the tube is moved axially from the first position to the second position.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于包括流化床系统的系统中的灰分控制阀装置,所述流化床系统包括壳体,用于通过颗粒材料的壳体中的座,尺寸和构造成与座部配合接合的塞子,以及用于移动 从第一位置插塞,其中插头被设置成与座椅配合接合到第二位置,其中插头以与座椅隔开的关系设置。 用于移动插头的装置包括用于安装插头的装置,该装置包括固定插头的细长管。 用于安装的装置包括设置在细长管的圆周上的多个轴向延伸的肋和设置在插塞的孔中的多个通道。 插头中的装置与多个通道协作以限定卡口式接收结构,其尺寸和构造用于容纳多个轴向延伸的肋并允许插塞和肋之间的相对旋转运动在它们之间产生锁定接合。 在该装置的一些形式中,用于冷却管的装置包括同心的中空内部构件,用于沿着管的轴向范围引导冷却剂的流动。 管的一部分可以延伸穿过壳体与座椅相对的壁; 并且发动机罩组件可以围绕管的轴向部分可以延伸穿过壳体的壁,当管从第一位置轴向移动到第二位置时,发动机罩组件确保管和发动机罩组件之间的动态密封。

    Pressurized reactor system and a method of operating the same
    5.
    发明授权
    Pressurized reactor system and a method of operating the same 失效
    加压反应器系统及其操作方法

    公开(公告)号:US5526582A

    公开(公告)日:1996-06-18

    申请号:US220387

    申请日:1994-03-31

    摘要: A method and apparatus are provided for operating a pressurized reactor system in order to precisely control the temperature within a pressure vessel in order to minimize condensation of corrosive materials from gases on the surfaces of the pressure vessel or contained circulating fluidized bed reactor, and to prevent the temperature of the components from reaching a detrimentally high level, while at the same time allowing quick heating of the pressure vessel interior volume during start-up. Superatmospheric pressure gas is introduced from the first conduit into the fluidized bed reactor and heat derived reactions such as combustion and gassification are maintained in the reactor. Gas is exhausted from the reactor and pressure vessel through a second conduit. Gas is circulated from one part of the inside volume to another to control the temperature of the inside volume, such as by passing the gas through an exterior conduit which has a heat exchanger, control valve, blower and compressor associated therewith, or by causing natural convection flow of circulating gas within one or more generally vertically extending gas passages entirely within the pressure vessel (and containing heat exchangers, flow rate control valves, or the like therein). Preferably, inert gas is provided as a circulating gas, and the inert gas may also be used in emergency shut-down situations. In emergency shut-down reaction gas being supplied to the reactor is cut off, while inert gas from the interior gas volume of the pressure vessel is introduced into the reactor.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种用于操作加压反应器系统以便精确地控制压力容器内的温度的方法和装置,以便最小化来自压力容器或容纳的循环流化床反应器表面上的气体的腐蚀性物质的冷凝,并且防止 组件的温度达到有害的高水平,同时允许在启动期间快速加热压力容器的内部容积。 将超大气压气体从第一导管引入流化床反应器,并且在反应器中保持热源反应如燃烧和气化。 气体通过第二导管从反应器和压力容器排出。 气体从内部体积的一部分循环到另一部分以控制内部体积的温度,例如通过使气体通过具有与其相关联的热交换器,控制阀,鼓风机和压缩机的外部导管,或通过引起自然 一个或多个大致垂直延伸的气体通道内的循环气体在压力容器内(以及其中包含热交换器,流量控制阀等)的对流。 优选地,作为循环气体提供惰性气体,并且惰性气体也可以用于紧急关闭情况。 在紧急关闭反应中,将供给反应器的气体切断,同时来自压力容器的内部气体体积的惰性气体被引入反应器。

    Method and a device for controlling the mixing of gaseous flows in a
fluidized bed combustion chamber
    7.
    发明授权
    Method and a device for controlling the mixing of gaseous flows in a fluidized bed combustion chamber 失效
    用于控制流化床燃烧室中的气流的混合的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US5026269A

    公开(公告)日:1991-06-25

    申请号:US460873

    申请日:1990-03-27

    申请人: Seppo K. Ruottu

    发明人: Seppo K. Ruottu

    CPC分类号: F23C10/20 B01J8/44

    摘要: The invention relates to a method and a nozzle bottom for controlling the mixing of gaseous flows in fluidized bed reactors and circulating fluidized bed reactors. In the method, part of the combustion air is introduced into a reactor chamber through fluidizing nozzles (11) positioned in a nozzle bottom (4). In order to improve the controllability of a combustion process, the remaining part of the combustion air is according to the invention introduced through essentially vertically directed jet nozzles (12) positioned in the nozzles bottom (4), and the vertical penetration of the air jets applied through the jet nozzles (12) is maintained at a value essentially higher than the vertical penetration of the air jets applied through the fluidizing nozzles (11). The nozzle bottom (4) according to the invention thus comprises, in addition to the fluidizing nozzles (11), essentially vertically directed jet nozzles (12) the diameter of which is larger, preferably 5 to 20 times larger than the diameter of the fluidizing nozzles (11) and the number of which is essentially smaller than the number of the fluidizing nozzles (11).

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / FI87 / 00102 Sec。 371 1990年3月27日第 102(e)1990年3月27日PCT PCT 1987年8月6日PCT公布。 第WO89 / 01115号公报 日本1989年2月9日。本发明涉及一种用于控制流化床反应器和循环流化床反应器中的气流混合的方法和喷嘴底部。 在该方法中,通过位于喷嘴底部(4)中的流化喷嘴(11)将部分燃烧空气引入反应室。 为了提高燃烧过程的可控性,燃烧空气的剩余部分根据本发明通过位于喷嘴底部(4)中的基本垂直定向的喷嘴(12)引入,并且空气射流的垂直穿透 通过喷嘴(12)施加的温度保持在基本上高于通过流化喷嘴(11)施加的空气射流的垂直穿透的值。 因此,根据本发明的喷嘴底部(4)除了流化喷嘴(11)之外还包括基本上垂直定向的喷嘴(12),其直径大于流化的直径的5至20倍 喷嘴(11),其数量基本上小于流化喷嘴(11)的数量。

    Method of and device for maintaining a parameter constant in a
fluidized-bed furnace
    8.
    发明授权
    Method of and device for maintaining a parameter constant in a fluidized-bed furnace 失效
    用于在流化床炉中保持参数恒定的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US5003931A

    公开(公告)日:1991-04-02

    申请号:US414902

    申请日:1989-09-29

    申请人: Helmuth Huschauer

    发明人: Helmuth Huschauer

    摘要: A parameter, especially the temperature of the bed in a fluidized-bed furnace, is maintained constant by a regulator (24) positioned in a line (20) that supplies fluidizing air to a trap (15), through which solids that have been precipitated out of the flue gas are recirculated into the fluidized bed (5). The servo mechanism (23) that drives the regulator is coupled to a temperature sensor (27) in the bed such that the volume of fluidizing air is increased when the measured bed temperature exceeds a prescribed level and decreased when it drops below that level.

    摘要翻译: 一个参数,特别是流化床炉中的床的温度,通过一个调节器(24)保持恒定,调节器(24)定位在一个管线(20)中,管道(20)向流化床(15)供应流化空气 排出的烟气再循环到流化床(5)中。 驱动调节器的伺服机构(23)被耦合到床中的温度传感器(27),使得当测量的床温度超过规定水平时,流化空气的体积增加,并且当其下降到低于该水平时,其减小。

    Method and system for controlling the backflow sealing efficiency and
recycle rate in fluidized bed reactors
    9.
    发明授权
    Method and system for controlling the backflow sealing efficiency and recycle rate in fluidized bed reactors 失效
    控制流化床反应器回流密封效率和再循环速率的方法和系统

    公开(公告)号:US4955295A

    公开(公告)日:1990-09-11

    申请号:US395864

    申请日:1989-08-18

    摘要: A system and method for controlling the sealing efficiency and recycle rate in a fluidized bed reactor in which air is introduced into two chambers found in a sealing vessel for receiving the separated solids from the separator. The air is introduced into two chambers in the sealing vessel in a direction opposite to that of the flow of the separated solids through the vessel. One of the chambers is located below the separator dipleg and in alignment therewith and the other chamber surrounds the first chambers. The air flow through each path can be separately adjusted as necessary.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于控制流化床反应器中的密封效率和再循环速率的系统和方法,其中将空气引入密封容器中的两个室中,以从分离器接收分离的固体。 将空气沿密封容器中的两个腔室以与通过容器的分离的固体的流动相反的方向被引入。 其中一个腔室位于分离器三通的下方并与之对准,另一个腔室围绕第一腔室。 可以根据需要分别调整通过每个路径的气流。

    Method and a device for cooling of a PFBC power plant after a gas
turbine trip
    10.
    发明授权
    Method and a device for cooling of a PFBC power plant after a gas turbine trip 失效
    燃气轮机行程后的PFBC发电厂的冷却方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US4944148A

    公开(公告)日:1990-07-31

    申请号:US289271

    申请日:1988-12-23

    CPC分类号: F23C10/16 F02C3/205 F23C10/18

    摘要: A method of discharging heat from a particulate material in a bed (28) of a combustor (12) in the event of an operational disturbance in a PFBC power plant. Gas from the combustor (12) is cooled in a cooling circuit (69) connected to the combustor (12) and is returned to the combustor (12) where it is allowed to pass through the bed (28). A device for carrying out the method comprises a cooling circuit (69), connected to the combustor (12), with a cooler (72) and a compressor or fan (76) which effects gas circulation through the cooling circuit (69) and the combustor (12).

    摘要翻译: 在PFBC发电厂发生操作扰动的情况下,从燃烧器(12)的床(28)中的颗粒物质排出热量的方法。 来自燃烧器(12)的气体在与燃烧器(12)连接的冷却回路(69)中被冷却,并返回到燃烧器(12),允许其通过床(28)。 用于执行该方法的装置包括连接到燃烧器(12)的冷却回路(69),冷却器(72)和压缩机或风扇(76),其通过冷却回路(69)和 燃烧器(12)。