摘要:
In illustrative implementations of this invention, a crucible kiln heats glass such that the glass becomes or remains molten. A nozzle extrudes the molten glass while one or more actuators actuate movements of the nozzle, a build platform or both. A computer controls these movements such that the extruded molten glass is selectively deposited to form a 3D glass object. The selective deposition of molten glass occurs inside an annealing kiln. The annealing kiln anneals the glass after it is extruded. In some cases, the actuators actuate the crucible kiln and nozzle to move in horizontal x, y directions and actuate the build platform to move in a z-direction. In some cases, fluid flows through a cavity or tubes adjacent to the nozzle tip, in order to cool the nozzle tip and thereby reduce the amount of glass that sticks to the nozzle tip.
摘要:
Methods of fabricating a glass laminate is provided. According to one embodiment, a glass laminate comprised of a microwave absorbing layer and a microwave transparent layer is formed. The microwave absorbing layer is characterized by a microwave loss tangent δH that is at least a half order of magnitude larger than a loss tangent δL of the microwave transparent layer. An area of the glass laminate is exposed to microwave radiation. The exposed area comprises a cross-laminate hot zone having a cross-laminate hot zone temperature profile. Substantially all microwave absorbing layer portions of the hot zone temperature profile and substantially all microwave transparent layer portions of the hot zone temperature profile reside above the glass transition temperature TG of the various layers of the glass laminate prior to impingement by the microwave radiation. In accordance with another embodiment, a method of fabricating a glass laminate is provided where the exposed area of the glass laminate is characterized by a viscosity below approximately 1×104 poise.
摘要:
In illustrative implementations of this invention, a crucible kiln heats glass such that the glass becomes or remains molten. A nozzle extrudes the molten glass while one or more actuators actuate movements of the nozzle, a build platform or both. A computer controls these movements such that the extruded molten glass is selectively deposited to form a 3D glass object. The selective deposition of molten glass occurs inside an annealing kiln. The annealing kiln anneals the glass after it is extruded. In some cases, the actuators actuate the crucible kiln and nozzle to move in horizontal x, y directions and actuate the build platform to move in a z-direction. In some cases, fluid flows through a cavity or tubes adjacent to the nozzle tip, in order to cool the nozzle tip and thereby reduce the amount of glass that sticks to the nozzle tip.
摘要:
An element sealed body comprises a glass substrate, an element mounted on the glass substrate, and a protective glass for sealing the element, wherein a surface of the protective glass and a surface of the glass substrate, which are brought into contact with each other, have a surface roughness Ra of 2.0 nm or less respectively.
摘要:
The invention provides an alkali-free glass substrate small in the variation of the thermal shrinkage and a process for producing the same. An alkali-free glass substrate of the invention has an absolute value of a thermal shrinkage of 50 ppm or more when the alkali-free glass substrate is heated at a rate of 10° C./min from a room temperature, kept at a holding temperature of 450° C. for 10 hr and then cooled at a rate of 10° C./min.
摘要:
The invention provides a solar concentrator structure including a first concentrating element. The first concentrating element includes a first aperture region, a first exit region, a first side and a second side. The solar concentrator structure further includes a second or more concentrating elements integrally coupled with the first concentrating element in a parallel manner. The second concentrating element includes a second aperture region, a second exit region, the third side, and a fourth side. The third side joins with the second side to form an apex notch structure characterized by a radius of curvature. Additionally, the solar concentrator structure includes a separation region by a width separating the first exit region from the second exit region and a triangular region including the apex notch structure and a base defined by the separation region and a refractive index of about 1 characterizing the triangular region.
摘要:
In a method of making a glass sheet using an overflow fusion downdraw process, a glass sheet quality metric level Q1 is selected, where Q1 is a measure of allowable retardation in the glass sheet. A glass ribbon temperature T1 at which a potential glass ribbon thermal artifact could occur in a glass ribbon while the glass ribbon is being drawn through a drawing machine enclosure is identified. A thermal artifact envelope E1 is determined, where E1 contains types of glass ribbon thermal artifacts allowable at T1 and Q1. A glass melt is overflowed from an isopipe to form a glass ribbon at the root of the isopipe. The glass ribbon is drawn below the root of the isopipe through the drawing machine enclosure to form the glass sheet. The drawing machine enclosure is altered at a location corresponding to where the glass ribbon would be at T1 such that during drawing of the glass ribbon the potential glass ribbon thermal artifact is not formed in the glass ribbon at T1 or, if the potential glass ribbon thermal artifact is formed in the glass ribbon at T1, the potential glass ribbon thermal artifact is within E1.
摘要:
An F-doped silica glass, a process for making the glass, an optical member comprising the glass, and an optical system comprising such optical member. The glass material comprises 0.1-5000 ppm by weight of fluorine. The glass material according to certain embodiments of the present invention has low polarization-induced birefringence, low LIWFD and low induced absorption at 193 nm.
摘要:
Disclosed in the application are a synthetic silica glass having low fluence-dependent transmission, particularly at about 193 nm, and a process for making the same. The glass may desirably exhibit a low level of fluorescence at 290 and 390 nm when activated at about 248 nm. The glass may desirably exhibit low level of LIWFD, [SiH*] and/or [ODC].
摘要:
A conformable nosing device is described herein which conforms to have a bowed shape that substantially matches a bowed shape of a glass sheet and which engages the glass sheet to help minimize the motion of the glass sheet and to help reduce the stress within the glass sheet while the glass sheet is being scored and separated into individual glass sheets. In addition, the conformable nosing device can include a passive nosing device which can be controlled to further help minimize the motion of the glass sheet while the glass sheet is being scored and separated into individual glass sheets.