公开(公告)号：US06585408B2

公开(公告)日：2003-07-01

申请号：US09916345

申请日：2001-07-30

Applicant: Lamyaa Abdel Alle El-Gabry ,  Steven J. Brzozowski ,  Nirm V. Nirmalan

Inventor： Lamyaa Abdel Alle El-Gabry ,  Steven J. Brzozowski ,  Nirm V. Nirmalan

IPC: G01N2520

CPC classification number: G01N25/18

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring local heat transfer distribution of an object surface. The apparatus includes a heater element for providing heat flux, a member disposed on a surface of the heater element for receiving impinging cooling air. A liquid crystal element is provided on a side of the heater element remote from the surface, and an insulating material is disposed adjacent to the liquid crystal element and remote from the heater element. The apparatus further includes means for determining heat transfer distribution coefficients from the liquid crystal element.

Abstract translation: 一种用于测量物体表面的局部传热分布的装置和方法。 该装置包括用于提供热通量的加热器元件，设置在加热器元件的表面上用于接收冲击冷却空气的构件。 液晶元件设置在远离表面的加热器元件的一侧，并且绝缘材料邻近液晶元件设置并远离加热元件。 该装置还包括用于确定来自液晶元件的传热分布系数的装置。

公开(公告)号：US06824306B1

公开(公告)日：2004-11-30

申请号：US10318665

申请日：2002-12-11

Applicant: James E. Fesmire ,  Stanislaw D. Augustynowicz

Inventor： James E. Fesmire ,  Stanislaw D. Augustynowicz

IPC: G01N2520

CPC classification number: G01N25/18

Abstract: A test apparatus and method of its use for evaluating various performance aspects of a test specimen is disclosed. A chamber within a housing contains a cold mass tank with a contact surface in contact with a first surface of a test specimen. The first surface of the test specimen is spaced from the second surface of the test specimen by a thickness. The second surface of the test specimen is maintained at a desired warm temperature. The first surface is maintained at a constant temperature by a liquid disposed within the cold mass tank. A boil-off flow rate of the gas is monitored and provided to a processor along with the temperature of the first and second surfaces of the test specimen. The processor calculates thermal insulation values of the test specimen including comparative values for heat flux and apparent thermal conductivity (k-value). The test specimen may be placed in any vacuum pressure level ranging from about 0.01 millitorr to 1,000,000 millitorr with different residual gases as desired. The test specimen may be placed under a mechanical load with the cold mass tank and another factors may be imposed upon the test specimen so as to simulate the actual use conditions.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于评估试样的各种性能方面的试验装置及其方法。 壳体内的室包含冷质量容器，接触表面与试样的第一表面接触。 试样的第一表面与试样的第二表面间隔一个厚度。 试样的第二表面保持在所需的温度。 通过设置在冷质量箱内的液体将第一表面保持在恒定温度。 监测气体的蒸发流量，并与测试样品的第一和第二表面的温度一起提供给处理器。 处理器计算试样的热绝缘值，包括热通量和表观热导率（k值）的比较值。 根据需要，试样可以放置在从约0.01毫托至1,000,000毫托的任何真空压力水平与不同的残余气体。 试样可以放置在与冷质容器的机械载荷下，并且可以对试样施加另一个因素，以模拟实际使用条件。

公开(公告)号：US06497509B2

公开(公告)日：2002-12-24

申请号：US09877390

申请日：2001-06-08

Applicant: Mikhail Merzliakov ,  Christoph Schick

Inventor： Mikhail Merzliakov ,  Christoph Schick

IPC: G01N2520

CPC classification number: G01N25/18 ,  G01N25/005 ,  G01N25/4833 ,  G01N25/4866

Abstract: A method of measuring the absolute value of thermal conductivity of low thermal conducting solid materials is disclosed. Thermal conductivity and heat capacity of the sample are determined simultaneously in a single measurement with the prerequisite that these values are frequency independent. This method is realized on power-compensated differential scanning calorimeters without any modification in the measuring system. DSC is calibrated in a standard way for temperature and heat flow. The method uses temperature-time profiles consisting of one fast temperature jump of 0.5 to 2 K and an isotherm. The measuring time for each temperature is less than 1 min. As input parameters only sample thickness and contact area with the DSC furnace (or sample diameter if the sample is disk shaped) are needed together with sample mass. In addition to the sample thermal conductivity and heat capacity the effective thermal contact between sample and DSC furnace is determined.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种测量低导热固体材料的导热绝对值的方法。 在单次测量中同时测定样品的热导率和热容量，前提是这些值是频率无关的。 该方法在功率补偿差示扫描量热仪上实现，在测量系统中无任何变化。 DSC以标准方式校准温度和热流量。 该方法使用由0.5〜2K的一次快速温度跳变和等温线组成的温度 - 时间曲线。 每个温度的测量时间小于1分钟。 由于输入参数与样品质量一起需要与DSC炉的样品厚度和接触面积（或样品是盘形的样品直径）。 除了样品的热导率和热容量之外，确定样品和DSC炉之间的有效热接触。

公开(公告)号：US06200022B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-13

申请号：US09224600

申请日：1998-12-31

Applicant: Azzedine Hammiche ,  Hubert Murray Montague-Pollock ,  Michael Reading

Inventor： Azzedine Hammiche ,  Hubert Murray Montague-Pollock ,  Michael Reading

IPC: G01N2520

CPC classification number: G01Q60/58 ,  A61B18/149 ,  A61B2018/00589 ,  A61B2018/00601 ,  A61B2018/00607 ,  G01N3/60 ,  G01N25/4833 ,  G01N25/72 ,  G01N2203/0051 ,  G01N2203/0286 ,  Y10S977/849 ,  Y10S977/852 ,  Y10S977/86 ,  Y10S977/867 ,  Y10S977/881

Abstract: A system and method for performing localized mechanothermal analysis with scanning probe microscopy (“MASM”) is disclosed. In a preferred embodiment an image of the surface or subsurface of a sample is created. A localized region of the sample is selected from the image. Using a scanning microscope, an active or passive thermal probe is positioned at the selected region. A temperature ramp is applied to the localized region. In addition, a dynamic or modulated stress or strain is applied to the localized region. Force data resulting from the applied temperature and stress or strain is collected and processed to produce a graph or fingerprint of the dynamic mechanical and/or calorimetric properties of the selected localized region.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种使用扫描探针显微镜（“MASM”）进行局部机械温度分析的系统和方法。 在优选实施例中，产生样品的表面或次表面的图像。 从图像中选择样本的局部区域。 使用扫描显微镜，主动或被动热探针位于所选区域。 温度斜坡应用于局部区域。 此外，动态或调制的应力或应变施加到局部区域。 收集并处理由施加的温度和应力或应变产生的力数据，以产生所选择的局部区域的动态机械和/或量热特性的图表或指纹图。

公开(公告)号：US06750062B1

公开(公告)日：2004-06-15

申请号：US09555805

申请日：2000-07-14

Applicant: Stanislaw L. Randzio ,  Jean-Pierre E. Grolier

Inventor： Stanislaw L. Randzio ,  Jean-Pierre E. Grolier

IPC: G01N2520

CPC classification number: G01N25/02 ,  G01N25/12 ,  G01N33/44 ,  Y10T436/12 ,  Y10T436/25

Abstract: The invention concerns the study of the effect of a supercritical fluid on the transitions of a material, which consists in varying continuously or by stages according to a predetermined programme, a first parameter value selected among the super-critical fluid pressure, the temperature of a cell containing the material sample and said sample volume, while maintaining a second of said parameters at a value selected, so as to induce the transition; and in recording the variation of the first parameter, that of the third parameter and the heat flow rate in the cell; in comparing said recordings with those obtained by replacing the supercritical fluid with a neutral fluid. The figure shows a diagram of the device for carrying out said study. The invention is in particular useful for studying a polymer material transitions.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及对超临界流体对材料的转变的影响的研究，该材料包括根据预定程序连续或逐级变化的第一参数值，其选自超临界流体压力， 同时将所述材料样品和所述样品体积包含在一起，同时将所述参数中的第二个保持在所选择的值，以便引起转变; 并且记录第一参数的变化，第三参数的变化和单元中的热流量; 将所述记录与用中性流体代替超临界流体获得的记录进行比较。 该图示出了用于进行所述研究的装置的图。 本发明特别适用于研究聚合物材料的转变。

公开(公告)号：US06703246B1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-09

申请号：US10018668

申请日：2001-12-12

Applicant: Theodore E. Miller ,  Charles A. Nielsen ,  Ray W. Chrisman ,  Robert E. LaPointe

Inventor： Theodore E. Miller ,  Charles A. Nielsen ,  Ray W. Chrisman ,  Robert E. LaPointe

IPC: G01N2520

CPC classification number: G01N25/482 ,  G01N25/4873

Abstract: A thermal method for studying chemical responses, such as catalyzed polymerization reactions that includes the following three steps. The first step is to flow a chemical substance through a conduit, the conduit being in thermal communication with an electrical conductor, the electrical conductor being co-linear with the conduit, the electrical resistance of the electrical conductor being a function of the temperature of the electrical conductor. A length of stainless steel tubing can be used as both the conduit and the conductor. The second step is to flow electricity through the electrical conductor during the first step. The third step is to measure the electrical resistance of the electrical conductor during the second step to determine any change in the temperature of the conduit caused by a response of the chemical substance. An apparatus for studying chemical reactions that includes: a first conduit, the first conduit being an electrical conductor, the first conduit having a first end and a second end, the electrical resistance of the first conduit being a function of the temperature of the first conduit; a source of electricity, the source of electricity in electrical communication with the first conduit so that electricity can be flowed through the first conduit; a volt meter in electrical communication with the first conduit so that the voltage measured by the volt meter is an indication of the temperature of the first conduit.

Abstract translation: 用于研究化学反应的热法，例如催化聚合反应，其包括以下三个步骤。 第一步是通过导管流出化学物质，导管与电导体热连通，电导体与导管共线，电导体的电阻是温度的函数 电导体。 一段不锈钢管可用作管道和导体。 第二步是在第一步中通过电导体流动电力。 第三步是测量在第二步骤期间电导体的电阻，以确定由化学物质的响应引起的导管温度的任何变化。 一种用于研究化学反应的装置，包括：第一导管，第一导管是电导体，第一导管具有第一端和第二端，第一导管的电阻是第一导管的温度的函数 ; 电源，与第一导管电连通的电源，使得电能够通过第一导管流动; 与第一导管电连通的电压表，使得由电压表测量的电压是第一导管的温度的指示。

公开(公告)号：US06692696B1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-17

申请号：US09100526

申请日：1998-06-18

Applicant: Randall S. Alberte

Inventor： Randall S. Alberte

IPC: G01N2520

CPC classification number: G01N33/566 ,  G01N2333/726 ,  Y10S435/817

Abstract: Apparatus comprising G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) for detecting ligands or substances in liquid or vapor media. The GPCR is based on in a cell or in a synthetic membrane or polymer system, and combined with means for obtaining a sample of a liquid or vapor medium, and with automatic optical detection system and monitoring system for detecting a ligand of interest. Methods are disclosed for detecting a ligand of interest using the GPCR apparatus.

Abstract translation: 包括用于检测液体或蒸气介质中的配体或物质的G蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）的装置。 GPCR基于细胞或合成膜或聚合物系统，并与用于获得液体或蒸气介质样品的装置结合，以及用于检测感兴趣配体的自动光学检测系统和监测系统。 公开了使用GPCR装置检测感兴趣的配体的方法。

公开(公告)号：US06551835B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-22

申请号：US09670110

申请日：2000-09-26

Applicant: Jürgen Schawe ,  Ingo Alig ,  Dirk Lellinger

Inventor： Jürgen Schawe ,  Ingo Alig ,  Dirk Lellinger

IPC: G01N2520

CPC classification number: G01N25/4833

Abstract: A method and apparatus for thermally analyzing a sample of a material by detecting a heat flow between the sample and a heat source (1, 2) and ,evaluating a functional relation between the measured heat flow and an associated temperature is based on controlling the heating power of the heat source (1, 2) so as to cause the heat source to follow a temperature program (Tp) as a function of time superposed with a stochastic variation (FSIP), (FIG. 2).

Abstract translation: 一种用于通过检测样品和热源（1,2）之间的热流来热分析材料样品的方法和装置，并且评估测量的热流与相关温度之间的函数关系是基于控制加热 热源（1,2）的功率，以使热源作为与随机变化（FSIP）（图2）叠加的时间的函数的温度程序（Tp）。

公开(公告)号：US06422743B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-23

申请号：US09535468

申请日：2000-03-26

Applicant: Nirm V. Nirmalan ,  Jeffery F. Rhodes

Inventor： Nirm V. Nirmalan ,  Jeffery F. Rhodes

IPC: G01N2520

CPC classification number: G01N25/72 ,  G01J5/0088 ,  G01J2005/0077

Abstract: A method by which the heat transfer quality of a cooled gas engine component can be quantified for inspection purposes. A system is utilized to determine the heat transfer performance of an internally cooled structure, by analyzing the transient thermal response of the structure based upon a full field surface temperature measurement using an infrared thermal imaging system.

Abstract translation: 可以量化用于检查目的的冷却气体发动机部件的传热质量的方法。 通过使用红外热成像系统基于全场表面温度测量分析结构的瞬态热响应，利用系统来确定内部冷却结构的传热性能。

公开(公告)号：US06716638B1

公开(公告)日：2004-04-06

申请号：US09660138

申请日：2000-09-12

Applicant: Chang-Meng Hsiung

Inventor： Chang-Meng Hsiung

IPC: G01N2520

CPC classification number: G01N25/72

Abstract: A sensor array 120 contains two chemiresistor which generate a response 130 in the presence of an analyte. The response is detected using an infrared detector 135, such as an infrared camera The infrared detector 135 generates a thermographic image 140 for each sensor in the array. The thermographic image 140 contains a matrix of responses 150, 160 for each sensor.

Abstract translation: 传感器阵列120包含两个在分析物存在下产生响应130的化学电阻器。 使用诸如红外相机的红外检测器135检测响应。红外检测器135为阵列中的每个传感器生成热成像图像140。 热成像图像140包含每个传感器的响应矩阵150,160。