Abstract:
Method and apparatus are described for obtaining information about the real and imaginary parts of permittivity in dielectric materials and relating this information to other properties of the materials.
Abstract:
A combination caliper/moisture sensor in the form of a scanner in the cross-direction of sheet material being manufactured by a papermaking machine includes a pair of capacitive plates on opposite sides of the moving sheet material and in substantial contact with it which are utilized for measuring capacitance between the juxtaposed plates which are spaced in accordance with the caliper of the paper. Then a magnetic circuit which provides a flux path through the paper is utilized for measuring caliper which is the independent variable of the capacitance equation which, when solved, yields the dielectric constant. Since there is a known relationship between percent moisture and the dielectric constant, the percent moisture of the sheet material can be determined.
Abstract:
A fixed and movable jaw form opposing plates of a capacitor with a paper strip carrying micro amounts of fluid being engaged between the jaws and acting as a dielectric whose characteristics (quality factor Q and relative dielectric constant Er) change depending upon the amount of fluid present on the paper between the jaws. This capacitor is connected with an electronic circuit which includes a digital readout meter. This meter reads the bias current on a transistor, the base of which is connected in circuit with the capacitor thus enabling the quantity of fluid present on the paper to be read out in microlitres.
Abstract:
In a dielectric characteristic measurement method, a step of mounting a sample of which dielectric characteristic is measured on an open resonator and adjusting a position of the sample includes: a first measurement step for performing a first resonance measurement by sweeping a predetermined sweep frequency range at a first number of measurement points; and a second and subsequent measurement steps for performing a plurality times of resonance measurement following the first resonance measurement, wherein each of the plurality times of resonance measurement is performed by sweeping a sweep frequency range specified based on an immediately preceding resonance measurement at a second number of the measurement points which is less than the first number of the measurement points, and the sweep frequency range of a second resonance measurement in the plurality times of resonance measurement is specified based on the first resonance measurement.
Abstract:
A method is disclosed for calibrating a capacitance of an apparatus for measuring dielectric properties of a part. The apparatus includes an electrically grounded chamber, a lower electrode disposed within the chamber and connected to a radiofrequency (RF) transmission rod, an electrically grounded upper electrode disposed within the chamber above the lower electrode, and a variable capacitor connected to control transmission of RF power through the RF transmission rod to the lower electrode. A method is also disclosed for determining a capacitance of a part through use of the apparatus. A method is also disclosed for determining a dielectric constant of a part through use of the apparatus. A method is also disclosed for determining a loss tangent of a part through use of the apparatus.
Abstract:
A wall detector (1) for detecting an object (3) embedded in a substrate (2) includes a detection antenna (5) for introducing broadband, high-frequency alternating electric fields (9) of a measurement frequency (fM) in the substrate (2); a measurement system (6) connected to the detection antenna (5) for measuring the delayed interaction of the alternating fields (9) with the object (3), a calculation device (7) for detecting the object (3) based on the measurement signal and for determining the associated depth information, and a permittivity measurement device (8) with at least one auxiliary potential plate (11) for measuring the permittivity measurement signal of the substrate at a permittivity measurement frequency (fp) that is a lower than the measurement frequency; and an associated measurement method.
Abstract:
A device for measuring the electrical characteristics of a ferromagnetic erial as a function of temperature, such as its dielectric constant verses temperature characteristics. The device having a quick mount fixture that utilizes a gravity feed and thermal grease to insure a quick reliable thermal connection between the temperature controller and the device under test (DUT). In addition, the device can be remotely controlled by a computer to automate the measuring procedure, thus reducing measuring time and alleviating the intensive manual procedure of making such measurements. Moreover, the device is easily mountable in a humidity-free or desiccation chamber to insure the measurements are reliable and accurate.
Abstract:
An apparatus for analyzing the dielectric properties of a sample. A thin planar sample having a hole therein is positioned over two bottom electrodes having the hole over one of the bottom electrodes. An oscillator provides a first signal to one of the bottom electrodes and a second signal 180.degree. out of phase with the first signal to the second bottom electrode. A differential signal is obtained on the top electrode representative of the dielectric properties of the sample with the elimination of edge effects. A phase sensitive demodulator synchronized with the oscillator extracts the two components of the conductance and susceptance of the sample. A position sensor measures the thickness of the sample and is used to calculate the dielectric constant of the sample. Thereby, an accurate measurement of the dielectric properties of the sample is obtained without a complicated structure in order to eliminate edge effects.
Abstract:
In a non-destructive, production-oriented technique for measuring an electrical characteristic of a material, a first nonconductive flexible sheet having a first conductive pattern thereon is pressed against a portion of the surface of the material, and a second nonconductive flexible sheet having a second conductive pattern thereon is pressed against another portion of the surface of the material. An electrical signal is applied between the two patterns and the effect of the material on the signal is measured to obtain a desired electrical characteristic of the material. The method and apparatus are particularly useful for measuring, at microwave frequencies, the propogation velocity factor and dielectric constant of substrates for use in thin film microwave circuits. For such measurements, the first and second conductive patterns advantageously comprise a resonant circuit and a ground plane. The measurement is made by applying a swept frequency signal to the resonant circuit while simultaneously monitoring reflected power from the resonant circuit.
Abstract:
A method is disclosed for calibrating a capacitance of an apparatus for measuring dielectric properties of a part. The apparatus includes an electrically grounded chamber, a lower electrode disposed within the chamber and connected to a radiofrequency (RF) transmission rod, an electrically grounded upper electrode disposed within the chamber above the lower electrode, and a variable capacitor connected to control transmission of RF power through the RF transmission rod to the lower electrode. A method is also disclosed for determining a capacitance of a part through use of the apparatus. A method is also disclosed for determining a dielectric constant of a part through use of the apparatus. A method is also disclosed for determining a loss tangent of a part through use of the apparatus.