摘要:
The invention provides for a process for the depolymerization of lignin in an inert atmosphere to result in substituted phenolic monomer compounds. The process is catalyzed by heterogeneous solid acid catalysts and is carried out in batch or continuous mode.
摘要:
This invention relates to a process for preparing cinnamic acid by hydrolysis of 1,1,1,3-tetrachloro-3-phenylpropane with acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid or formic acid, optionally in the presence sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, para-toluenesulphonic acid, or a cation exchange resin containing sulphonic acid groups. The mixture is heated at a temperature from about 80.degree. to about 150.degree. C. until hydrogen chloride evolution ceases, after which time the cinnamic acid is separated.
摘要:
A new process for the manufacture of perfluoroalkylmethylenecarboxylic acids of the formulaR.sub.f (CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2).sub.m.sub.-1 CH.sub.2 COOH,wherein R.sub.f is an unbranched or branched perfluoroalkyl radical with 3 to 14 carbon atoms and m is 1 to 3, which comprises reacting perfluoroalkyl iodides of the formula R.sub.f (CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2).sub.m -I with concentrated nitric acid. The compounds are e.g. useful as intermediates for the manufacture of oil- and water repellents; further they can be used themselves e.g. as surface active assistants or as lubricants.
摘要:
1,3-BIS8CARBOXYMETHYL) DERIVATIVES OF ADAMANTANE AND ALKYLADAMANTANES ARE PREPARED IN ONE STEP BY THE REACTION OF AN ADAMANTANE, VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE, AND T-BUTYL ALCOHOL IN CONCENTRATED SULFURIC ACID IN THE PRESENCE OF FUMING SULFURIC ACID. THE PRESENCE OF FUMING SULFURIC ACID IS OF ABSOLUTE NECESSITY BECAUSE THE SECOND CARBOXYMETHHYL GROUP CAN NOT SUBSTANTIALLY BE INTRODUCED INTO ADMANTANE RINGS WITHOUT FUMING SULFURIC ACID.
摘要:
A METHOD FOR PRODUCING IN HIGH YIELD W-CHLORACARBOXYLIC ACIDS OF THE FORMULA CI(CH2)NCOOH, WHEREIN N IS AN EVEN INTERGER BETWEEN 10 AND 14 INCLUSIVE. SAID METHOD COMPRISES SIMULTANEOUSLY CONTACTING A TETRACHOLROALKANE OF THE FORMULA CI(CH2)NCCI3, WHEREIN N IS AS DEFINED ABOVE WITH NITRIC ACID OR FUMING NITRIC ACID, PARTICULARLY FUMING NITRIC ACID OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY GREATER THAN 1.50, IN THE PRESENCE OF OXYGEN AT A TEMPERATURE OF 40*80* C. TO FORM A MIXTURE AND PASSING GASEOUS NITROGEN DIOXIDE IN AN AMOUNT OF AT LEAST 1/3 OF THE WEIGHT OF THE NITRIC ACID USED THROUGH SAID MIXTURE TO CONVERT THE TETRACHLOROALKANE TO THE CORRESPONDING W-CHLOROCARBOXYLIC ACID.