摘要:
A method of the present invention for producing glass sheets includes the steps of: (I) forming a molten glass raw material into a glass ribbon on a molten metal; and (II) bringing an acid gas that contains a fluorine element (F)-containing acid and in which a volume ratio of water vapor to the acid (a volume of the water vapor/a volume of the acid) is 0 or more and 30 or less, into contact with a surface of the glass ribbon on the molten metal so as to subject the surface of the glass ribbon to dealkalization and control a morphology of the surface in accordance with the volume ratio.
摘要:
An ion transport membrane, a heat exchanger, and a recuperator are integrated with a float glass manufacturing process. Only feeds of fuel and air are necessary for producing hot oxygen for a melting furnace and a nitrogen-enriched stream to a float bath. The oxygen and nitrogen are produced on-site without requiring cryogenic distillation.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a float glass for chemical strengthening, containing a bottom surface coming into contact with a molten metal at the time of forming and a top surface opposing the bottom surface, in which a difference Δ(N—Na2O2) determined by subtracting a square of a normalized Na2O surface concentration of the bottom surface which is a value obtained by dividing an Na2O concentration in the bottom surface by an Na2O concentration at a depth position of 100 μM therefrom, from a square of a normalized Na2O surface concentration of the top surface which is a value obtained by dividing an Na2O concentration in the top surface by an Na2O concentration at a depth position of 100 μm therefrom, is 0.040 or less.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for controlling flat glass forming by flowing a molten glass over a liquid tin layer contained in a forming vat wherein a forming characteristic quantity is measured above the glass surface during forming by means of beams generated by at least one absorption spectroscopy-based analyser, wherein the light beams generated by said analyser form a net above the glass surface. A device for carrying out the inventive method comprising an arm for supporting a vessel which comprises a retroreflecting means for receiving a light beam and transmitting it in an opposite direction parallel to an incident optical path is also disclosed.
摘要:
A glass substrate includes at least one surface including an uneven surface having a difference of less than about 0.003 micrometers between a highest point and a lowest point in a section of the glass substrate, the section having a width of about 10 millimeters to about 30 millimeters, and the uneven surfaces being defined by continuously supplying molten glass onto molten metal and cooling the molten glass which floats on the molten metal.
摘要:
A float glass chamber and related methods include a hot section having an atmosphere in at least the lower plenum with less than 3 percent hydrogen based on volume and a cold section having a different volume percent hydrogen.
摘要:
A method for reducing the defect density of glass comprising melting a glass composition comprising from 65–75 wt. % of SiO2; from 10–20 wt. % of Na2O; from 5–15 wt. % of CaO; from 0–5 wt. % of MgO; from 0–5 wt. % of Al2O3; from 0–5 wt. % of K2O; from 0–2 wt. % Fe2O3; and from 0–2 % FeO, wherein the glass composition has a total field strength index of greater than or equal to 1.23 is disclosed.
摘要翻译:一种用于降低玻璃的缺陷密度的方法,包括熔化含有65-75wt。 %SiO 2% 10-20重量% %Na 2 O; 5-15重量% CaO%; 0-5wt。 %的MgO; 0-5wt。 %的Al 2 O 3 3%; 0-5wt。 K 2 O的%; 0-2重量% %Fe 2 O 3 O 3; 和0-2%的FeO,其中玻璃组合物的总场强指数大于或等于1.23。
摘要:
The present invention generally relates the recovery of energy from a glass facility, such as a glass manufacturing facility and/or a float glass facility. Various embodiments of the present invention incorporate an air separation unit with a glass facility whereby energy may be recovered, generated, and/or conserved. In various embodiments, energy is recovered, generated, and/or conserved through hot expansion, mass flow increase, more efficient fuel consumption and/or the like.
摘要:
A CONTINUOUS BELT OF A WIRE MESH MATERIAL IS MOVED ACROSS THE WIDTH OF A FLOAT BATH FROM LOCATIONS OUTSIDE THE FLOAT GLASS BATH. TIN SULFIDE PRESENT IN THE FLOAT BATH ATMOSPHERE CONDENSES ONTO THE MESH MATERIAL AND IS CARRIED OUTSIDE THE BATH WHERE COOLING OF THE BELT OCCURS. THE COOLED BELT IS VIBRATED OUTSIDE THE BATH TO REMOVE THE CONDENSED TIN SULFIDE PARTICLES.