摘要:
A thermal power plant such as a nuclear power plant where a primary circuit is provided for generating primary power while an accumulator circuit communicates with the primary circuit for generating additional power to be utilized for peak loads. The accumulator circuit includes displacement accumulators communicating with steam-generating units for providing the energy to be utilized for the additional peak power. Fluid is circulated between the displacement accumulators and steam generator units by way of a circulating conduit system and a fluid-circulating structure communicating therewith. This fluidcirculating structure is driven from a drive accumulator, so that it is not necessary to use electricity in order to circulate the fluid of the accumulator circuit.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for increasing the uniformity of heat transfer in a heat exchanger. The flow of the medium which is to be heated is regulated in such a way as to provide a uniform outlet temperature of this medium at the outlet ends of the tubes. This is achieved by throttling the flow of the medium into the inlet ends of the tube. After measuring the temperature of the medium at the outlet ends of the tubes, a throttling at the inlet ends is provided to achieve uniform temperatures at the outlet ends, respectively.
摘要:
A steam generator which is particularly adapted to be used in nuclear power plants. A casing is provided with an inlet and outlet to receive and discharge a primary heating fluid from which heat is to be extracted. A pair of tube plates extend across the interior of the casing at the region of the inlet and outlet thereof, and a plurality of tubes extend along the interior of the casing and are connected in parallel between the tube plates with all of the tubes having open ends communicating with the inlet and outlet of the casing so that the primary heating fluid will flow through the interior of the tubes while a fluid in the casing at the exterior of the tubes will extract heat from the primary fluid. The casing has between the tubes at the region of the inlet a superheating chamber and at the region of the outlet a preheating chamber and between the latter chambers an evaporating chamber, the casing receiving water through an inlet at the preheating chamber and discharging superheated steam through an outlet at the superheating chamber. A separator communicates with the evaporating chamber to receive a mixture of steam and water therefrom for separating the steam from the water and for delivering the separated steam to the superheating chamber.
摘要:
A heat exchanger and method for operating the same according to which the temperature of a heat-exchanging fluid is maintained substantially uniform. The heat exchanger has two groups of tubes in which an inner heat-exchanging fluid flows while an outer heat-exchanging fluid flows across the exterior of these tubes. The groups of tubes form first and second groups with the outer fluid flowing first across the first group and then across the second group, to form an entering stream of outer fluid flowing across the first group and an exiting stream of outer fluid flowing across the second group of tubes. Each of these streams is composed of first and second stream portions which have predetermined relationships with respect to the heat exchanger axis, and through a suitable baffle structure the first portion of the entering stream is deflected to form the second portion of the exiting stream while the second portion of the entering stream is deflected to form the first portion of the exiting stream, so that in this way substantial uniformity is maintained in the temperature of the exiting stream.