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    Column-type regenerative gas-gas heat exchanger with heat-transferring elements
    2.
    发明授权
    Column-type regenerative gas-gas heat exchanger with heat-transferring elements 失效
    具有传热元件的柱式再生式气体 - 气体热交换器

    公开(公告)号：US4732210A

    公开(公告)日：1988-03-22

    申请号：US882543

    申请日：1986-07-07

    申请人： Stanislaw Michalak ,  Bernd Hermanns

    发明人： Stanislaw Michalak ,  Bernd Hermanns

    IPC分类号： F28D13/00 ,  F28D19/02 ,  B01D51/10 ,  F28C3/16

    CPC分类号： F28D13/00 ,  F28D19/02

    摘要： A regenerative gas-gas heat exchanger having a column type of construction, and heat transferring elements which absorb heat in a hot gas flow, give off heat in a cold gas flow, and are cyclically conveyed from one of the gas flows to the other. The heat transferring elements form a fluidized bed during the operation; this fluidized bed, in relation to the gases which flow in an upward direction through the gas permeable column bottom, moves in a counter-cross flow over this column bottom.

    摘要翻译： 具有柱式结构的再生式气体 - 气体热交换器和在热气流中吸收热量的热传递元件在冷气流中发热，并且从气体流中的一个循环输送到另一个。 传热元件在操作过程中形成流化床; 相对于沿向上方向流过透气柱底部的气体，该流化床在该塔底部的逆流中移动。

    Heat-transferring elements for regenerative heat exchange in gas-gas fluidized bed heat exchangers
    3.
    发明授权
    Heat-transferring elements for regenerative heat exchange in gas-gas fluidized bed heat exchangers 失效
    用于气 - 气流化床热交换器再生热交换的传热元件

    公开(公告)号：US4509584A

    公开(公告)日：1985-04-09

    申请号：US421488

    申请日：1982-09-22

    申请人： Stanislaw Michalak ,  Bernd Hermanns

    发明人： Stanislaw Michalak ,  Bernd Hermanns

    IPC分类号： F28F23/00 ,  F28D13/00 ,  F28D19/02 ,  F28D20/00 ,  F28D20/02

    CPC分类号： F28D19/02 ,  F28D13/00 ,  F28D20/02 ,  Y02E60/145

    摘要： Heat-transferring elements for regenerative heat exchange in a gas-gas fluidized bed heat exchanger. The elements are in the form of separate, freely movable saddle-shaped bodies. The saddle-shaped elements may have one or more holes, and may also, or alternatively, have one or more hollow spaces or chambers which are filled entirely or partially with materials of high heat-retaining capacity, and/or with latent storage masses.

    摘要翻译： 用于在气 - 气流化床热交换器中再生热交换的传热元件。 这些元件是单独的，可自由移动的鞍形体的形式。 鞍形元件可以具有一个或多个孔，并且还可以或者可选地具有一个或多个完全或部分地用高保温能力的材料填充的空腔或室，和/或具有潜在的储存质量。

    Simplified efficient process for reducing NO.sub.x, SO.sub.x, and particulates
    5.
    发明授权
    Simplified efficient process for reducing NO.sub.x, SO.sub.x, and particulates 失效
    用于减少NOx，SOx和微粒的简化有效过程

    公开(公告)号：US5658547A

    公开(公告)日：1997-08-19

    申请号：US406206

    申请日：1995-03-16

    申请人： Stanislaw Michalak ,  Joseph R. Comparato ,  John E. Hofmann

    发明人： Stanislaw Michalak ,  Joseph R. Comparato ,  John E. Hofmann

    IPC分类号： B01D53/50 ,  B01D53/56 ,  B01D53/60 ,  F23J7/00 ,  F23J15/00 ,  C01B17/22

    CPC分类号： F23J7/00 ,  B01D53/501 ,  B01D53/505 ,  B01D53/565 ,  B01D53/60 ,  F23J15/006 ,  B01D2251/206 ,  F23J2215/101 ,  F23J2215/20 ,  F23J2217/101 ,  F23J2900/15081

    摘要： The removal of SO.sub.x and particulates, and preferably also NO.sub.x, from the combustion gases of a large boiler, is simplified while efficiency is improved. In a primary treatment zone, a slurry comprising an alkaline SO.sub.x -reducing composition and preferably a nitrogen-containing composition effective to reduce NO.sub.x, is introduced into combustion gases at a temperature of from about 900.degree. to about 1300.degree. C. The gases are cooled by initial contact with steam-generating means, and then by contact with an gas-to-gas heat exchanger. Cooled gases are then subjected to a secondary treatment in which they are first humidified and further cooled by introduction of a water spray or aerosol to reduce the temperature to 100.degree. C. or below. Contact between the SO.sub.x -reducing composition and the humidified gases is maintained for a reaction period of at least 2 seconds. Particulate solids are then separated from the gases with a fabric filter. The cleaned gases are reheated by the gas-to-gas heat exchanger prior to discharge to the atmosphere. Reductions of SO.sub.x of greater than 80% are achieved, preferably 90 to 95%.

    摘要翻译： 从大型锅炉的燃烧气体中除去SOx和微粒，最好是除去NO x也被简化，同时提高了效率。 在初级处理区中，在约900℃至约1300℃的温度下将包含碱性SOx还原组合物和优选含有有效降低NOx的含氮组合物的浆料引入燃烧气体中。将气体冷却 通过与蒸汽发生装置的初始接触，然后通过与气体 - 气体热交换器接触。 然后对冷却的气体进行二次处理，其中它们首先被加湿并通过引入喷水或气溶胶进一步冷却，以将温度降至100℃或更低。 SO x还原组合物与加湿气体之间的接触保持至少2秒的反应时间。 然后用织物过滤器将颗粒状固体与气体分离。 清洁的气体在排放到大气中之前由气体 - 气体热交换器再加热。 实现了大于80％的SOx的减少，优选为90〜95％。

    Apparatus for preheating combustion air, accompanied by simultaneous reduction of NO.sub.x contained in the flue gases
    6.
    发明授权
    Apparatus for preheating combustion air, accompanied by simultaneous reduction of NO.sub.x contained in the flue gases 失效
    用于预热燃烧空气的装置，伴随着同时还原烟道气中所含的NOx

    公开(公告)号：US4739826A

    公开(公告)日：1988-04-26

    申请号：US882245

    申请日：1986-07-07

    申请人： Sigfrid Michelfelder ,  Stanislaw Michalak

    发明人： Sigfrid Michelfelder ,  Stanislaw Michalak

    IPC分类号： F23L15/00 ,  B01D53/86 ,  F22B31/08 ,  F23J15/00 ,  F23J15/02 ,  F23L15/02 ,  F23L15/04 ,  F28D7/00 ,  F28D19/00 ,  B01J15/00 ,  B01D53/36

    CPC分类号： B01D53/8631 ,  F23J15/02 ,  F23L15/02 ,  F23L15/04 ,  F28D19/02 ,  F28D19/041 ,  F28D21/001 ,  F28F1/26 ,  F28F2245/00 ,  Y02E20/348 ,  Y10S165/009 ,  Y10S165/901 ,  Y10S165/913

    摘要： An apparatus in the form of an air preheater for preheating air for combustion for a combustion process by acting upon the air with hot, NO.sub.x -containing flue gases from the same or an independent combustion process. At the same time, the NO.sub.x contained in the flue gases is reduced. A regenerative or recuperative type air preheater is used, with those surfaces of the heat exchange elements which are exposed to the flue gas being provided with a coating which acts as a catalyst for the NO.sub.x reduction. The heat exchange elements are coated only in a region which has a flue gas temperature greater than the condensation temperature of the reaction products of the materials contained in the flue gas and of the added reducing agent. The catalyst coating is provided on individual heat exchange elements which are successively disposed in the direction of flow of the flue gas in such a way that the respective coatings are optimally adapted to the reaction conditions for the flue gas temperature which exists in that region.

    摘要翻译： 一种空气预热器的形式的装置，用于通过用来自相同或独立燃烧过程的具有含热氧化性气体的烟道气对空气进行预热用于燃烧过程的空气。 同时，烟道气中所含的NOx也减少了。 使用再生式或再生式空气预热器，暴露于烟气的热交换元件的那些表面设置有用作NOx还原的催化剂的涂层。 热交换元件仅涂覆在烟道气温度大于烟气中所含材料和添加的还原剂的反应产物的冷凝温度的区域中。 在各个热交换元件上提供催化剂涂层，这些热交换元件依次设置在烟气流动的方向上，使得各个涂层最适合于该区域中存在的烟道气温度的反应条件。

    Method of regulating the amount of reducing agent added during catalytic reduction of NO.sub.x contained in flue gases
    9.
    发明授权
    Method of regulating the amount of reducing agent added during catalytic reduction of NO.sub.x contained in flue gases 失效
    调节烟气中所含NOx催化还原过程中还原剂添加量的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4681746A

    公开(公告)日：1987-07-21

    申请号：US784721

    申请日：1985-10-04

    申请人： Stanislaw Michalak ,  Klaus-Dieter Weber ,  Jurgen Meier

    发明人： Stanislaw Michalak ,  Klaus-Dieter Weber ,  Jurgen Meier

    IPC分类号： B01D53/56 ,  B01D53/74 ,  B01D53/86 ,  B01J8/06 ,  C01B21/00 ,  C01B31/00

    CPC分类号： B01D53/8696 ,  B01D53/8625

    摘要： A method of regulating the amount of reducing agent added, especially NH.sub.3 in the case of the catalytic reduction of NO.sub.x of flue gases which originate from a combustion installation which is fired with fossil fuels. The adjustment value for the quantity to be added is determined in response to a prescribed reducing agent/NO.sub.x stoichiometry factor from the quantity of combustion air supplied to the combustion installation or from the exiting quantity of flue gas, and from the NO.sub.x concentration downstream ahead of the catalyzer. Regulation is effected by influencing the stoichiometry factor. The NO.sub.x concentration downstream after the catalyzer is returned to the regulation process as the primary correction value, and the reducing agent concentration downstream after the catalyzer, and the flue gas temperature ahead of the catalyzer, are returned to the regulation process as the secondary correction values. The set stoichiometry factor is influenced such that while maintaining the emission light value as the desired value of the primary correction value, and while maintaining a reducing agent concentration downstream after the catalyzer below a prescribed fixed value in a range of from 50 ppm to 3 ppm volume, preferably less than 10 ppm volume, the stoichiometry factor is regulated via the temperature-dependent activity curve of the catalyzer.

    摘要翻译： 在由化石燃料燃烧的燃烧装置产生的烟道气的NOx的催化还原的情况下，调节添加的还原剂的量，特别是NH 3的方法。 根据规定的还原剂/ NOx化学计量因子，从供给到燃烧装置的燃烧空气量或排出的烟道气量，以及从NOx排放量的下游排出的NOx浓度来确定要添加量的调整值 催化剂。 调节是通过影响化学计量因子来实现的。 催化剂下游的NOx浓度作为主要校正值返回到调节过程，并且在催化剂之后的下游的还原剂浓度和催化剂之前的烟道气温度作为二次校正值返回到调节过程 。 影响设定的化学计量因子，使得在将发光值保持为主要校正值的期望值的同时，并且在将催化剂下游的还原剂浓度保持在低于规定的固定值的范围内，范围为50ppm至3ppm的同时 体积，优选小于10ppm体积，化学计量因子通过催化剂的温度依赖性活性曲线调节。

    Regenerative heat exchanger
    10.
    发明授权
    Regenerative heat exchanger 失效
    再生热交换器

    公开(公告)号：US4310046A

    公开(公告)日：1982-01-12

    申请号：US197797

    申请日：1980-10-17

    申请人： Stanislaw Michalak

    发明人： Stanislaw Michalak

    IPC分类号： F28D13/00 ,  F28D19/04 ,  F28F19/00 ,  F28D19/00

    CPC分类号： F28D19/045 ,  F28D13/00 ,  F28F19/00

    摘要： A regenerative heat exchanger. The rotor is an annular body and includes several rotationally symmetrical chambers which are separated from one another by walls, with the axially parallel dividing walls being permeable for the gaseous heat-dissipating or heat-receiving medium, and the radial dividing walls being permeable for the gaseous medium; heat-transferring elements for the regenerative heat exchange are arranged in the chambers accompanied by formation of a whirl layer during operation. The chambers have radial flow therethrough.

    摘要翻译： 再生式热交换器。 转子是一个环形体并且包括几个旋转对称的室，它们通过壁彼此分开，其中轴向平行的分隔壁对于气体散热或热接收介质是可渗透的，并且径向分隔壁可渗透 气体介质; 用于再生热交换的热传递元件布置在室中，伴随着在操作期间形成涡流层。 腔室具有径向流动通过。