Abstract:
A resistive memory system having a plurality of memory cells includes a memory device having a resistive memory cell array and a controller. The controller generates write data to be written to the memory cell array by encoding input data such that the input data corresponds to an erase state and a plurality of programming states that a memory cell may have. The input data is encoded such that at least one of the number of memory cells assigned a first programming state and the number of memory cells assigned a second programming state is smaller than at least one of the numbers of memory cells in the erase state and the other programming states. The first programming state has a highest resistance level among the plurality of programming states, and the second programming state has a second highest resistance level among the plurality of programming states.
Abstract:
A semiconductor package includes a package substrate, a flip chip coupled to the package substrate, an interposer stacked on the flip chip and including a first terminal and a second terminal at an upper surface thereof, a bonding wire which connects the first terminal and the package substrate and a mold layer which covers the interposer, the flip chip and the bonding wire. The mold layer has a signal hole which exposes the second terminal, and at least one dummy hole spaced apart from the signal hole on an upper surface of the interposer.