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1.发明授权Synthesis of ABA triblock polymers and A.sub.n B star polymers from cyclic ethers 失效从环醚合成ABA三嵌段聚合物和AnB星形聚合物
公开(公告)号：US4952644A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-28
申请号：US362633
申请日：1989-06-07
摘要： ABA triblock and A.sub.n B star polymers are produced by sequential cationic polymerization of 4 and 5 member ring cyclic ethers to initially form a B block and subsequent cationic polymerization of 4 and 5 member ring cyclic ethers to form A blocks at the termini of the B block. The B block is grown from the hydroxyl groups of a polyol having two or more hydroxyl groups, resulting in a B block having terminal hydroxyl functionality of two or greater. In growing each of the B and A blocks, the acid catalyst is used at a molar ratio relative to hydroxyl groups of the polyol initiator of between about 0.05:1 and about 0.5:1.
摘要翻译： ABA三嵌段和AnB星形聚合物通过4和5元环环醚的顺序阳离子聚合制备，以最初形成B嵌段并随后在4个和5个成环环醚上进行阳离子聚合以在B嵌段的末端形成A嵌段。 B嵌段由具有两个或多个羟基的多元醇的羟基生长，得到具有两个或更多个末端羟基官能团的B嵌段。 在生长B和A嵌段的每一个中，酸催化剂以相对于多元醇引发剂的羟基的摩尔比在约0.05:1至约0.5:1之间使用。
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2.发明授权Method of producing thermoplastic elastomers having alternate crystalline structure such as polyoxetane ABA or star block copolymers by a block linking process 失效具有交替结晶结构的热塑性弹性体如聚氧杂环丁烷ABA或通过嵌段连接方法的星形嵌段共聚物的方法
公开(公告)号：US5516854A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-14
申请号：US559179
申请日：1990-07-27
CPC分类号： C08G65/22 , C08G18/10 , C08G18/283 , C08G18/285 , C08G18/2885 , C08G65/18 , C08G2250/00
摘要： A method of preparing a thermoplastic elastomer having A blocks and at least one B block, wherein said A blocks are crystalline at temperatures below about 60.degree. C. and said B block is amorphous at temperatures above about -20.degree. C., said A blocks each being polyethers derived from monomers of oxetane and its derivatives and/or tetrahydrofuran and its derivatives, the method comprising:providing monofunctional hydroxyl terminated A blocks which are crystalline at temperatures below about 60.degree. C. and separately providing di-, tri- or tetrafunctional hydroxyl terminated B blocks which are amorphous at temperatures above about -20.degree. C.,end-capping said A blocks by separately reacting said A blocks with a difunctional diisocyanate in which one isocyanate moiety is at least about five times as reactive with the terminal hydroxyl group of the A blocks as the other isocyanate moiety, whereby the more reactive isocyanate moiety tends to react with the terminal hydroxyl group of the A blocks, leaving the less reactive isocyanate moiety free and unreacted, andadding di-, tri- or tetrafunctional B block to the end-capped A blocks at approximately the stoichiometric ratios that they are intended to be present in the thermoplastic elastomer such that the free and unreacted isocyanate moiety on the end-capped A block reacts with a functional moiety of the B block to produce ABA or A.sub.n B thermoplastic elastomers.
摘要翻译： 一种制备具有A嵌段和至少一个B嵌段的热塑性弹性体的方法，其中所述A嵌段在低于约60℃的温度下是结晶的，并且所述B嵌段在高于约-20℃的温度下是无定形的，所述A嵌段 各自为衍生自氧杂环丁烷及其衍生物和/或四氢呋喃及其衍生物的单体的聚醚，所述方法包括：提供在低于约60℃的温度下为结晶的单官能羟基封端的A嵌段，并分别提供二 - ，三 - 或四官能 羟基封端的B嵌段，其在高于约-20℃的温度下是无定形的，通过将所述A嵌段与双官能二异氰酸酯分开反应来封端所述A嵌段，其中一个异氰酸酯部分与末端羟基反应的至少约五倍 一组A嵌段作为另一异氰酸酯部分，由此更多的反应性异氰酸酯部分倾向于与A b的末端羟基反应 锁定，使较少反应性的异氰酸酯部分游离并未反应，并以其预期存在于热塑性弹性体中的化学计量比近似地将末端封端的A嵌段加入二官能，三官能或四官能团B嵌段， 并且封端的A嵌段上的未反应的异氰酸酯部分与B嵌段的官能部分反应以产生ABA或AnB热塑性弹性体。
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3.发明授权Vinyl ethers as nonammonia producing bonding agents in composite propellant formulations 失效乙烯基醚作为复合推进剂配方中产生非氨的粘合剂
公开(公告)号：US5336343A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-09
申请号：US48491
申请日：1993-04-16
IPC分类号： C06B45/10
CPC分类号： C06B45/10
摘要： Vinyl ethers for use as bonding agents in solid rocket propellants are disclosed. The vinyl ether bonding agents are capable of polymerizing in the presence of and around the surface of ammonium perchlorate particles. The bonding agents of the present invention are added to the propellant in a range from about 0.1% to about 3% by weight concentration. Importantly, there is no increase in ammonia liberated above baseline propellant values and no increase in end of mix viscosities by using the vinyl ethers according to the present invention which provides substantial processing savings.
摘要翻译： 公开了用作固体火箭推进剂中的粘合剂的乙烯基醚。 乙烯基醚粘合剂能够在高氯酸铵颗粒表面存在和周围聚合。 将本发明的粘合剂以约0.1重量％至约3重量％浓度的范围加入到推进剂中。 重要的是，通过使用根据本发明的提供显着处理节省的乙烯基醚，释放的基础上推进剂值没有增加的氨，并且没有结束粘度的增加。
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公开(公告)号：US4988797A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-29
申请号：US323588
申请日：1989-03-14
摘要： Cyclic ethers having 4 and 5 member rings are polymerized with a alcohol initiator and an acid catalyst. The acid catalyst is used at a molar ratio relative to hydroxyl groups of the alcohol initiator of between about 0.05:1 and about 0.5:1.
摘要翻译： 具有4和5个成员环的环醚与醇引发剂和酸催化剂聚合。 酸催化剂的使用摩尔比相对于醇引发剂的羟基为约0.05:1至约0.5:1。
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5.发明授权Polycyclic, polyamides as precursors for energetic polycyclic polynitramine oxidizers 失效多环，聚酰胺作为能量多环多硝胺氧化剂的前体公开(公告)号：US07129348B1
公开(公告)日：2006-10-31
申请号：US07292028
申请日：1988-12-21
IPC分类号： C07D487/22 , C06B25/34
CPC分类号： C06B25/34 , C07D487/22
摘要： Hexabenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane is converted to tetracetyl, dibenzyl azaisowurtzitane. The benzyl groups are removed by catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis leaving a pair of available nitrogens. The available nitrogens are acetylated, and the resulting intermediate is converted to CL-20 with a strong nitrating agent.
摘要翻译： 六苄基六氮杂异纤锌矿型结构烷烃转化为四乙酰基二氮杂异纤锌矿型结构烷烃。 通过催化转移氢解除去苄基，留下一对可用的氮。 可用的氮被乙酰化，所得中间体用强硝化剂转化成CL-20。
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6.发明授权Poly(butadiene)poly(lactone) thermoplastic block polymers, methods of making, and uncured high energy compositions containing same as binders 失效聚（丁二烯）聚（内酯）热塑性嵌段聚合物，制备方法以及含有与粘合剂相同的未固化的高能组合物公开(公告)号：US06350330B1
公开(公告)日：2002-02-26
申请号：US07616964
申请日：1990-11-21
IPC分类号： C06B2300
CPC分类号： C06B45/10 , C06B21/005 , C08G63/00 , C08G81/027
摘要： A thermoplastic, elastomeric block copolymer comprises at least one poly(butadiene) and at least one pair of poly(lactone) blocks flanking the poly(butadiene) block. Each poly(lactone) block is derived from a lactone having between 8 and 18 carbon atoms in the lactone ring, such as &lgr;-laurolactone and 10-hydroxyl decanoic acid lactone. Alternative methods of making these block polymers are also disclosed. In the first procedure diethyl zinc reacts with the hydroxyl end group of a butadiene polymer to form an intermediate zinc alkoxide-tipped polybutadiene which functions as the active initiating species. The laurolactone polymer then grows off the hydroxyl end groups of the butadiene to form the desired ABA block copolymer. In another related procedure for making ABA block polymers, previously prepared difunctional hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene blocks are linked with monofunctional poly(&lgr;-laurolactone) blocks using a diisocyanate and a catalyst. The poly(&lgr;-laurolactone) is prepared from &lgr;-laurolactone, diethyl zinc and a suitable mono-functional alcohol. Another procedure describes the direct linking of hydroxyl-terminated poly(butadiene) with a poly(&lgr;-laurolactone) with a difunctional isocyanate producing a polymeric material having an (AB)n structure. Also disclosed are chemically uncured high-energy compositions, such as explosives, gasifiers, and especially solid rocket motor propellants, wherein between about 70-91 wt. % of solid particulates, including fuel material and/or oxidizer, and between about 9-30 wt. % of a binder system comprising a thermoplastic, elastomeric block copolymer system as above described and optionally a plasticizer.
摘要翻译： 热塑性弹性体嵌段共聚物包含至少一种聚（丁二烯）和在聚（丁二烯）嵌段侧面的至少一对聚（内酯）嵌段。 每个聚（内酯）嵌段衍生自在内酯环中具有8至18个碳原子的内酯，例如丁内酯和10-羟基癸酸内酯。还公开了制备这些嵌段聚合物的替代方法。 在第一步骤中，二乙基锌与丁二烯聚合物的羟基端基反应，形成作为活性引发物质的中间体烷氧基烷氧基末端聚丁二烯。 然后，己内酯聚合物从丁二烯的羟基端基生长，形成所需的ABA嵌段共聚物。 在制备ABA嵌段聚合物的另一相关方法中，先前制备的双官能羟基封端的聚丁二烯嵌段与单官能聚（丁二醇 - 丁内酯）嵌段使用二异氰酸酯和催化剂连接。 聚（丁二醇 - 丁内酯）由羔羊脂酮，二乙基锌和合适的单官能醇制备。 另一个方法描述了羟基封端的聚（丁二烯）与聚（丁二醇）与双官能异氰酸酯的直接连接，产生具有（AB）n结构的聚合材料。还公开了化学未固化的高能组合物，例如 爆炸物，气化器，特别是固体火箭发动机推进剂，其中约70-91wt。 ％的固体颗粒，包括燃料和/或氧化剂，以及约9-30重量％ ％的粘合剂体系包含如上所述的热塑性弹性体嵌段共聚物体系和任选的增塑剂。
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7.发明授权Process for the large-scale synthesis of 4,10-dinitro-2,6,8-12-tetraoxa-4,10-diazatetracyclo-[5.5.0.05,903,11]-do decane 有权大规模合成4,10-二硝基-2,6,8-12-四氧杂-4,10-二氮杂四环[5.5.0.05,903,11] - 十二烷的方法
公开(公告)号：US6107483A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-22
申请号：US362083
申请日：1999-07-28
IPC分类号： C07D267/02 , C07D498/22
CPC分类号： C07D498/22
摘要： A process for synthesizing 4,10-dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraoxa-4,10-diazatetracyclo-[5.5.0.0.sup.5,9 0.sup.3,11 ]-dodecane ("TEX") involves combining at least one hexa-substituted piperazine derivative with a medium containing at least one nitronium anion source and at least one acid sufficiently strong to generate nitronium anions from the nitronium anion source. According to this invention, TEX yield is significantly improved by pre-heating the medium to 55.degree. C. to about 70.degree. C. and maintaining the medium from 55.degree. C. to about 70.degree. C. to permit the hexa-substituted piperazine derivative and nitronium anions to react and form the TEX. At least one NO.sub.x scavenger is added to the medium, preferably before the addition of the hexa-substituted piperazine derivative, to increase TEX yield.
摘要翻译： 合成4,10-二硝基-2,6,8,12-四氧杂-4,10-二氮杂四环[5.5.0.05,903,11] - 十二烷（“TEX”）的方法涉及将至少一种六取代 哌嗪衍生物与含有至少一个硝鎓阴离子源的介质和至少一种足够强的酸从硝鎓阴离子源产生硝鎓阴离子。 根据本发明，通过将培养基预加热至55℃至约70℃，并将培养基保持在55℃至约70℃，可显着改善TEX产率，以允许六取代的哌嗪衍生物 和硝酸根阴离子反应并形成TEX。 向培养基中加入至少一种NO x清除剂，优选在加入六取代的哌嗪衍生物之前，以提高TEX产率。
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公开(公告)号：US5099042A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-24
申请号：US323587
申请日：1989-03-14
CPC分类号： C08G65/2609
摘要： Polymers are produced from 4 and 5 member cyclic ethers, which polymers have hydroxyl functionalities of 4. The cyclic ethers are polymerized with an acid catalyst and a tetraol initiator having the general formula: ##STR1##
摘要翻译： 聚合物由4个和5个成员的环醚制成，该聚合物的羟基官能度为4.环醚与酸催化剂和四醇引发剂进行聚合，具有以下通式：
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9.发明授权Method for making new polycyclic polyamides as precursors for energetic polycyclic polynitramine oxidizers 失效制备新的多环聚酰胺作为能量多环多硝基胺氧化剂的前体的方法
公开(公告)号：US6147209A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-14
申请号：US989369
申请日：1992-12-08
IPC分类号： C06B25/34 , C07D487/22 , C07D243/00 , C07D487/08
CPC分类号： C06B25/34 , C07D487/22
摘要： Hexabenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane is converted to tetracetyl, dibenzyl azaisowurtzitane. The benzyl groups are removed by catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis leaving a pair of available nitrogens. The available nitrogens are acetylated, and the resulting intermediate is converted to CL-20 with a strong nitrating agent.
摘要翻译： 六苄基六氮杂异纤锌矿型结构烷烃转化为四乙酰基二氮杂异纤锌矿型结构烷烃。 通过催化转移氢解除去苄基，留下一对可用的氮。 可用的氮被乙酰化，所得中间体用强硝化剂转化成CL-20。
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公开(公告)号：US4931112A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-05
申请号：US439464
申请日：1989-11-20
摘要： Automotive airbag gas generant formulation providing an alternative to commercially used formulations containing sodium azide. The composition contains from about 25% to about 75% by weight of 5-nitro-1,2,4-trizal-3-one (usually known as nitrotriazolone). The other principal ingredient of the composition is from about 25% to about 75% by weight of an anhydrous oxidizing salt having a cation selected from metals of Group I-A of the Periodic Table (except sodium), calcium, strontium, or barium, and an anion which is essentially free of carbon, hydrogen, or halogens. From about 0.1% to about 5% of a binder can be added, if necessary. An automotive airbag inflator containing the composition and a method for generating gas comprising the step of igniting the composition stated above are also disclosed.
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