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公开(公告)号：US06212288B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-03
申请号：US09113651
申请日：1998-07-10
申请人： Rahul Sarpeshkar , Jörg Kramer , Christof Koch
发明人： Rahul Sarpeshkar , Jörg Kramer , Christof Koch
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G06T7/20
摘要： An integrated circuit that computes the velocity of a visual stimulus moving between two photoreceptor locations is disclosed. In its most basic version, the circuit comprises two temporal edge detectors with photoreceptors, two pulse-shaping circuits, and one motion circuit on a single silicon chip. Velocity is computed from the signed time delay of the appearance of an image feature at the two photoreceptor locations. Specifically, each temporal edge detector detects a rapid irradiance transient at its photoreceptor location and converts it into a short current spike. This current spike is transformed into two different voltage pulses, a fast pulse and a slowly-decaying pulse, by the pulse-shaping circuit that is coupled to the temporal edge detector. The slowly-decaying voltage pulse produced at one location together with the fast voltage pulse generated at the other location, act as inputs to the motion circuit which generates a signal representative of the speed of motion for one sign or direction of motion. A pair of motion circuits encodes velocity, each motion circuit encoding speed for one of the two opposing directions of motion. The motion circuits are sample-and-hold circuits that use the fast pulse from one location to sample the slowly-decaying pulse from the other location. The individual motion-sensing cells are compact, and are therefore suited for use in dense one-dimensional or two-dimensional imaging arrays. Various embodiments are described.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种计算在两个感光体位置之间移动的视觉刺激的速度的集成电路。 在其最基本的版本中，该电路包括两个具有感光体的时间边缘检测器，两个脉冲整形电路，以及单个硅芯片上的一个运动电路。 从两个感光体位置处的图像特征的出现的带符号时间延迟计算速度。 具体地，每个时间边缘检测器检测其感光器位置处的快速辐照瞬变并将其转换成短电流尖峰。 该电流尖峰通过耦合到时间边缘检测器的脉冲整形电路转换成两个不同的电压脉冲，即快速脉冲和缓慢衰减的脉冲。 在一个位置处产生的缓慢衰减的电压脉冲以及在另一个位置处产生的快速电压脉冲一起作为运动电路的输入，该运动电路产生代表一个运动速度的运动速度的信号。 一对运动电路对速度进行编码，每个运动电路编码两个相反的运动方向之一的速度。 运动电路是采样和保持电路，其使用来自一个位置的快速脉冲从另一个位置采样缓慢衰减的脉冲。 各个运动感测单元是紧凑的，因此适用于致密的一维或二维成像阵列。 描述各种实施例。
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公开(公告)号：US06212289B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-03
申请号：US09113932
申请日：1998-07-10
申请人： Rahul Sarpeshkar , Jörg Kramer , Christof Koch
发明人： Rahul Sarpeshkar , Jörg Kramer , Christof Koch
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G06T7/20
摘要： An integrated circuit that computes the velocity of a visual stimulus moving between two photoreceptor locations is disclosed. In its most basic version, the circuit comprises two temporal edge detectors with photoreceptors, two pulse-shaping circuits, and one motion circuit on a single silicon chip. Velocity is computed from the signed time delay of the appearance of an image feature at the two photoreceptor locations. Specifically, each temporal edge detector de tects a rapid irradiance transient at its photoreceptor location and converts it into a short current spike. This current spike is transformed into two different voltage pulses, a fast pulse and a slowly-decaying pulse, by the pulse-shaping circuit that is coupled to the temporal edge detector. The slowly-decaying voltage pulse produced at one location together with the fast voltage pulse generated at the other location, act as inputs to the motion circuit which generates a signal representative of the speed of motion for one sign or direction of motion. A pair of motion circuits encodes velocity, each motion circuit encoding speed for one of the two opposing directions of motion. The motion circuits are sample-and-hold circuits that use the fast pulse from one location to sample the slowly-decaying pulse from the other location. The individual motion-sensing cells are compact, and are therefore suited for use in dense one-dimensional or two-dimensional imaging arrays. Various embodiments are described.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种计算在两个感光体位置之间移动的视觉刺激的速度的集成电路。 在其最基本的版本中，该电路包括两个具有感光体的时间边缘检测器，两个脉冲整形电路，以及单个硅芯片上的一个运动电路。 从两个感光体位置处的图像特征的出现的带符号时间延迟计算速度。 具体地，每个时间边缘检测器在感光器位置处检测快速辐照瞬态并将其转换成短电流尖峰。 该电流尖峰通过耦合到时间边缘检测器的脉冲整形电路转换成两个不同的电压脉冲，即快速脉冲和缓慢衰减的脉冲。 在一个位置处产生的缓慢衰减的电压脉冲以及在另一个位置处产生的快速电压脉冲一起作为运动电路的输入，该运动电路产生代表一个运动速度的运动速度的信号。 一对运动电路对速度进行编码，每个运动电路编码两个相反的运动方向之一的速度。 运动电路是采样和保持电路，其使用来自一个位置的快速脉冲从另一个位置采样缓慢衰减的脉冲。 各个运动感测单元是紧凑的，因此适用于致密的一维或二维成像阵列。 描述各种实施例。
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公开(公告)号：US6023521A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-08
申请号：US113851
申请日：1998-07-10
申请人： Rahul Sarpeshkar , Jorg Kramer , Christof Koch
发明人： Rahul Sarpeshkar , Jorg Kramer , Christof Koch
CPC分类号： G06T7/20
摘要： An integrated circuit that computes the velocity of a visual stimulus moving between two photoreceptor locations is disclosed. In its most basic version, the circuit comprises two temporal edge detectors with photoreceptors, two pulse-shaping circuits, and one motion circuit on a single silicon chip. Velocity is computed from the signed time delay of the appearance of an image feature at the two photoreceptor locations. Specifically, each temporal edge detector detects a rapid irradiance transient at its photoreceptor location and converts it into a short current spike. This current spike is transformed into two different voltage pulses, a fast pulse and a slowly-decaying pulse, by the pulse-shaping circuit that is coupled to the temporal edge detector. The slowly-decaying voltage pulse produced at one location together with the fast voltage pulse generated at the other location, act as inputs to the motion circuit which generates a signal representative of the speed of motion for one sign or direction of motion. A pair of motion circuits encodes velocity, each motion circuit encoding speed for one of the two opposing directions of motion. The motion circuits are sample-and-hold circuits that use the fast pulse from one location to sample the slowly-decaying pulse from the other location. The individual motion-sensing cells are compact, and are therefore suited for use in dense one-dimensional or two-dimensional imaging arrays. Various embodiments are described.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种计算在两个感光体位置之间移动的视觉刺激的速度的集成电路。 在其最基本的版本中，该电路包括两个具有感光体的时间边缘检测器，两个脉冲整形电路，以及单个硅芯片上的一个运动电路。 从两个感光体位置处的图像特征的出现的带符号时间延迟计算速度。 具体地，每个时间边缘检测器检测其感光器位置处的快速辐照瞬变并将其转换成短电流尖峰。 该电流尖峰通过耦合到时间边缘检测器的脉冲整形电路转换成两个不同的电压脉冲，即快速脉冲和缓慢衰减的脉冲。 在一个位置处产生的缓慢衰减的电压脉冲以及在另一个位置处产生的快速电压脉冲一起作为运动电路的输入，该运动电路产生代表一个运动速度的运动速度的信号。 一对运动电路对速度进行编码，每个运动电路编码两个相反的运动方向之一的速度。 运动电路是采样和保持电路，其使用来自一个位置的快速脉冲从另一个位置采样缓慢衰减的脉冲。 各个运动感测单元是紧凑的，因此适用于致密的一维或二维成像阵列。 描述各种实施例。
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公开(公告)号：US6088467A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-11
申请号：US113443
申请日：1998-07-10
申请人： Rahul Sarpeshkar , Jorg Kramer , Christof Koch
发明人： Rahul Sarpeshkar , Jorg Kramer , Christof Koch
CPC分类号： G06T7/20
摘要： An integrated circuit that computes the velocity of a visual stimulus moving between two photoreceptor locations is disclosed. In its most basic version, the circuit comprises two temporal edge detectors with photoreceptors, two pulse-shaping circuits, and one motion circuit on a single silicon chip. Velocity is computed from the signed time delay of the appearance of an image feature at the two photoreceptor locations. Specifically, each temporal edge detector detects a rapid irradiance transient at its photoreceptor location and converts it into a short current spike. This current spike is transformed into two different voltage pulses, a fast pulse and a slowly-decaying pulse, by the pulse-shaping circuit that is coupled to the temporal edge detector. The slowly-decaying voltage pulse produced at one location together with the fast voltage pulse generated at the other location, act as inputs to the motion circuit which generates a signal representative of the speed of motion for one sign or direction of motion. A pair of motion circuits encodes velocity, each motion circuit encoding speed for one of the two opposing directions of motion. The motion circuits are sample-and-hold circuits that use the fast pulse from one location to sample the slowly-decaying pulse from the other location. The individual motion-sensing cells are compact, and are therefore suited for use in dense one-dimensional or two-dimensional imaging arrays. Various embodiments are described.
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公开(公告)号：US5781648A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-14
申请号：US418287
申请日：1995-04-07
申请人： Rahul Sarpeshkar , Jorg Kramer , Christof Koch
发明人： Rahul Sarpeshkar , Jorg Kramer , Christof Koch
CPC分类号： G06T7/20
摘要： An integrated circuit that computes the velocity of a visual stimulus moving between two photoreceptor locations is disclosed. In its most basic version, the circuit comprises two temporal edge detectors with photoreceptors, two pulse-shaping circuits, and one motion circuit on a single silicon chip. Velocity is computed from the signed time delay of the appearance of an image feature at the two photoreceptor locations. Specifically, each temporal edge detector detects a rapid irradiance transient at its photoreceptor location and converts it into a short current spike. This current spike is transformed into two different voltage pulses, a fast pulse and a slowly-decaying pulse, by the pulse-shaping circuit that is coupled to the temporal edge detector. The slowly-decaying voltage pulse produced at one location together with the fast voltage pulse generated at the other location, act as inputs to the motion circuit which generates a signal representative of the speed of motion for one sign or direction of motion. A pair of motion circuits encodes velocity, each motion circuit encoding speed for one of the two opposing directions of motion. The motion circuits are sample-and-hold circuits that use the fast pulse from one location to sample the slowly-decaying pulse from the other location. The individual motion-sensing cells are compact, and are therefore suited for use in dense one-dimensional or two-dimensional imaging arrays. Various embodiments are described.
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公开(公告)号：US06797934B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-28
申请号：US10154514
申请日：2002-05-23
申请人： Jörg Kramer , Rahul Sarpeshkar
发明人： Jörg Kramer , Rahul Sarpeshkar
IPC分类号： H01L3100
CPC分类号： H04N5/3745
摘要： An optical transient sensor circuit includes a photodiode in series with a MOS feedback transistor connected across a voltage difference. An inverting amplifier having its input connected to the common connection between the photodiode and the MOS feedback transistor and its output connected to an output-node for a measure of the incoming irradiance. A charge/discharge circuit, having an input connected to the output of the inverting amplifier, having an output connected to the gate of the MOS feedback transistor and having a first and second output for half-wave rectified and thresholded contrast encoding measures of positive and negative irradiance transients. A capacitor connected between a constant potential and the gate of the MOS feedback transistor.
摘要翻译： 光学瞬态传感器电路包括与跨越电压差连接的MOS反馈晶体管串联的光电二极管。 反相放大器的输入连接到光电二极管和MOS反馈晶体管之间的公共连接，其输出连接到输出节点，用于测量进入的辐照度。 具有连接到反相放大器的输出的输入的充电/放电电路具有连接到MOS反馈晶体管的栅极的输出，并且具有用于半波整流和阈值对比度编码措施的第一和第二输出为正和 负辐照瞬变。 连接在恒定电位和MOS反馈晶体管的栅极之间的电容器。
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公开(公告)号：US08708923B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-29
申请号：US12700214
申请日：2010-02-04
IPC分类号： A61B5/04
CPC分类号： A61B7/045
摘要： A wearable system for monitoring a plurality of physiological signals is provided. The wearable system includes at least one sensor producing the physiological signals associated with a patient. A processor unit receives the physiological signals from the at least one sensor. The processor unit analyzes the physiological signals to determine the occurrence of a triggered event and produces at least one output signal identifying the triggered event. A transmission unit receives the at least one output signal and prepares for transmission of the at least one output signal.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于监测多个生理信号的可穿戴系统。 可穿戴系统包括产生与患者相关联的生理信号的至少一个传感器。 处理器单元接收来自至少一个传感器的生理信号。 处理器单元分析生理信号以确定触发事件的发生，并产生识别触发事件的至少一个输出信号。 传输单元接收所述至少一个输出信号并准备传输所述至少一个输出信号。
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8.发明授权Generating speech and voice from extracted signal attributes using a speech-locked loop (SLL) 有权使用语音锁定环（SLL）从提取的信号属性生成语音和语音公开(公告)号：US08688438B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-01
申请号：US12702676
申请日：2010-02-09
CPC分类号： G10L25/48 , G10L13/047 , G10L15/28
摘要： A speech processing system includes a plurality of signal analyzers that extract salient signal attributes of an input voice signal. A difference module computes the differences in the salient signal attributes. One or more control modules control a plurality of speech generators using an output signal from the difference module in a speech-locked loop (SLL), the speech generators use the output signal to generate a voice signal.
摘要翻译： 语音处理系统包括提取输入语音信号的显着信号属性的多个信号分析器。 差分模块计算突出信号属性的差异。 一个或多个控制模块使用来自语音锁定环（SLL）中的差分模块的输出信号来控制多个语音生成器，语音生成器使用输出信号来产生语音信号。
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9.发明授权Ultra-low-power pulse oximeter implemented with an energy-efficient photoreceptor 失效超低功率脉搏血氧计采用节能感光元件公开(公告)号：US08242429B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-14
申请号：US11903571
申请日：2007-09-24
CPC分类号： A61B5/14551 , A61B2560/0209 , H03F1/083 , H03F1/18 , H03F1/342 , H03F3/082 , H03F3/087 , H03F3/45475 , H03F2200/435 , H03F2203/45138 , H03F2203/45528 , H03G3/3084
摘要： An energy-efficient photoreceptor apparatus and a transimpedance amplifier apparatus having high energy-efficiency and low power consumption of which are achieved through multiple distributed gain amplification stages, adaptive loop gain control circuitry and unilateralization, thereby enabling fast and precise performance over a wide range of input-current levels. The high-energy efficiency, robust feedback stability and performance of the present invention can be utilized to achieve sub-milliwatt pulse oximeters and may be employed in other current-to-voltage amplification and conversion applications. The use of analog processing on the outputs of the photoreceptor apparatus also helps lower the overall power of pulse oximeters.
摘要翻译： 通过多个分布式增益放大级，自适应环路增益控制电路和单向化实现了具有高能效和低功耗的节能感光装置和跨阻放大器装置，从而能够在宽范围内实现快速和精确的性能 输入电流电平。 可以利用本发明的高能量效率，鲁棒的反馈稳定性和性能来实现亚微米脉冲血氧计，并且可以用于其它电流 - 电压放大和转换应用中。 对感光器装置的输出使用模拟处理也有助于降低脉搏血氧仪的整体功率。
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公开(公告)号：US20120114081A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-10
申请号：US13352818
申请日：2012-01-18
IPC分类号： H04L27/06
CPC分类号： H04B1/1036 , G01R23/163
摘要： A system and technique for providing to flexible, programmable frequency estimators and spectrum analyzers that can operate over extremely large bandwidths and yet provide high spectral resolution are described. The acquisition time and hardware complexity of one technique scale as O(N), where N denotes the number of frequency bins acquired. Embodiments are disclosed in which architectures are implemented using exponentially-tapered transmission lines and filter cascades.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于提供灵活的可编程频率估计器和频谱分析仪的系统和技术，其可以在极大的带宽上工作并且还提供高的光谱分辨率。 一种技术尺度的采集时间和硬件复杂度为O（N），其中N表示获取的频率块的数量。 公开了实施例，其中使用指数级锥形传输线和滤波器级联来实现架构。
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