Abstract:
A battery includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution including a lithium hexafluorophosphate and an additive. The positive electrode active material includes a compound having a crystal structure belonging to a space group FM3-M and represented by Compositional Formula (1): LixMeyOαFβ. The additive is at least one selected from the group consisting of difluorophosphates, tetrafluoroborates, bis(oxalate)borate salts, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salts, and bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide salts.
Abstract:
A negative-electrode active material for a sodium-ion secondary battery contains a porous carbon material which has a plurality of open pores that extend through to the surface, a plurality of closed pores that do not extend through to the surface, and a solid made of carbon material. The distance between (002) planes of the solid portion is not less than 0.340 nm and not more than 0.410 nm. The plurality of closed pores account for a volume ratio of not less than 0% and not more than 10% with respect to a total volume of the plurality of open pores, the plurality of closed pores, and the solid portion. The plurality of open pores account for a volume ratio of not less than 0% and not more than 50% with respect to a total volume of the plurality of open pores, the plurality of closed pores, and the solid portion.
Abstract:
A negative-electrode active material for a sodium-ion secondary battery contains a porous carbon material which has a plurality of open pores that extend through to the surface, a plurality of closed pores that do not extend through to the surface, and a solid portion made of carbon material. The distance between (002) planes of carbon in at least a part of the solid portion is 0.36 nm or more. The plurality of closed pores account for a volume ratio of not less than 30% and not more than 90% with respect to a total volume of the plurality of open pores, the plurality of closed pores, and the solid portion.
Abstract:
A negative electrode active material layer containing at least one selected from silicon and a silicon compound as a negative electrode active material is formed, and an amount of lithium exceeding an amount corresponding to a theoretical capacity of the negative electrode active material layer is brought into contact with the negative electrode active material layer so as to prepare a negative electrode. A positive electrode containing a lithium-absorption material capable of irreversibly absorbing lithium is prepared. The positive electrode, the negative electrode, a separator, and a nonaqueous electrolyte are enclosed inside an outer enclosure. A chemical conversion treatment of the negative electrode active material is performed with the lithium brought into contact with the negative electrode active material layer.
Abstract:
A negative electrode active material includes a carbon material including boron and a silicon material including at least one selected from silicon and silicon oxide. The silicon material does not include boron. A peak of a B1s spectrum of the carbon material occurs at a binding energy of 187.0 eV or more and 192.0 eV or less, the B1s spectrum being measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The ratio of the area of the peak of the B1s spectrum of the carbon material which occurs at a binding energy of 187.0 eV or more and 192.0 eV or less, the B1s spectrum being measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, to the total area of peaks of the B1s spectrum which occur at a binding energy of 184.0 eV or more and 196.5 eV or less is 50% or more.