Abstract:
The invention relates to a waveguide, comprising a grating in at least a part of the waveguide, which waveguide comprises a coating, the coating comprising a polymer, which polymer comprises an aliphatic chain, which aliphatic chain is provided with hydrophilic side-chains. The invention further relates to a sensor system comprising a waveguide according to any one of the preceding claims, a light source, and a photo-detector.
Abstract:
An optical wavelength analyser including: an entrance slit (4) for receiving a light beam (3) including signals with various wavelengths and passing the beam at least partly; a diffractor (6, 7, 9) for receiving the passed beam and diffracting the signals dependent on their wavelength; a detector (8) including adjacent detector elements (32, 33, 35, 36, 38, 39) for receiving the diffracted signals and generating their output signals; a processor (21) for determining the wavelengths from the output signals, in which the received light beam has a spatially uniform intensity; the diffractor diffracts each signal on a different detector element subset, consisting of at least a first element (32, 33, 35, 36, 38, 39.) for receiving at least a first signal with a first signal level; the processor determines each signal's wavelength dependent on the first signal level and a calibration value.
Abstract:
Device (20) for measuring pressure waves in a liquid medium (E), comprising; one or more sensor elements (23) permeable to optical radiation; one or more support members (22) on which a sensor element (23) is arranged in each case and which is at least slightly flexible; a chamber (25) at least partly enclosed by a support member (22) and filled with the liquid medium; and a second compensation chamber (27) which is actively coupled to the first compensation chamber via an at least partially flexible wall (26), wherein the second compensation chamber is filled with gas; and detection means for detecting changes in the length of the sensor element.
Abstract:
An assembly comprising a fluid channel and a flowmeter, the flowmeter (1) comprising at least one vortex shedder (2) extending in the channel (C), each vortex shedder (2) being configured to generate Karman vortices (V) in fluid flowing through the channel (C) during operation, wherein each vortex shedder (2) is provided with a first fiber Bragg grating (FBG) of a fiber Bragg grating sensor (3, 7, FBG), wherein a Karman vortex frequency (fe) of the vortices (V) generated by the vortex shedder (2) is detectable utilizing a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor signal relating to the respective first fiber Bragg grating (FBG) of that vortex shedder (2).
Abstract:
An assembly comprising a fluid channel and a flowmeter, the flowmeter (1) comprising at least one vortex shedder (2) extending in the channel (C), each vortex shedder (2) being configured to generate Karman vortices (V) in fluid flowing through the channel (C) during operation, wherein each vortex shedder (2) is provided with a first fiber Bragg grating (FBG) of a fiber Bragg grating sensor (3, 7, FBG), wherein a Karman vortex frequency (fe) of the vortices (V) generated by the vortex shedder (2) is detectable utilizing a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor signal relating to the respective first fiber Bragg grating (FBG) of that vortex shedder (2).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a level sensor for determining a height of a substrate. The level sensor generates one or more measurement beam and directs the measurement beam to a measurement spot on the substrate and produces a reflected measurement beam. The level sensor also generates one or more reference beams. A detector detects both the reflected measurement beam and the reference beam, respectively, and produces a measurement signal and a reference signal, respectively, the measurement signal being indicative for the height at the measurement spot. A processor that receives these signals and corrects the measurement signal based on the reference signal. The level sensor has an optical arrangement in a predetermined area close to where the substrate is to be located. The measurement beam and the reference beam propagate along substantially equal optical paths of propagation in the predetermined area. The optical arrangement deviates the reference beam from the substantially equal optical paths of propagation in the predetermined area such that the at least one reference beam does not hit the substrate.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a waveguide, comprising a grating in at least a part of the waveguide, which waveguide comprises a coating, the coating comprising a polymer, which polymer comprises an aliphatic chain, which aliphatic chain is provided with hydrophilic side-chains. The invention further relates to a sensor system comprising a waveguide according to any one of the preceding claims, a light source, and a photo-detector.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a level sensor for determining a height of a substrate. The level sensor generates one or more measurement beam and directs the measurement beam to a measurement spot on the substrate and produces a reflected measurement beam. The level sensor also generates one or more reference beams. A detector detects both the reflected measurement beam and the reference beam, respectively, and produces a measurement signal and a reference signal, respectively, the measurement signal being indicative for the height at the measurement spot. A processor that receives these signals and corrects the measurement signal based on the reference signal. The level sensor has an optical arrangement in a predetermined area close to where the substrate is to be located. The measurement beam and the reference beam propagate along substantially equal optical paths of propagation in the predetermined area. The optical arrangement deviates the reference beam from the substantially equal optical paths of propagation in the predetermined area such that the at least one reference beam does not hit the substrate.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a sensor system comprising a waveguide, which waveguide comprises a grating in at least a part of the waveguide, which waveguide further comprises a coating, the coating comprising a polymer, which polymer comprises a chain, in which chain are present an aromatic group and a chemical group selected from the group of sulfonyl groups, carbonyl groups, carbonate groups, fluorocarbon groups, siloxane groups, pyridine groups and amide groups.
Abstract:
A level sensor for determining a height of a substrate. In one configuration, the level sensor forms part of a lithographic apparatus that includes a projection lens system. The level sensor generates one or more measurement beams and directs the measurement beam to a measurement spot on a substrate having a first reflecting surface, and produces a reflected measurement beam. The level sensor also generates one or more reference beams. A detector detects both the reflected measurement beam and the reference beam, respectively, and produces a measurement signal and a reference signal, respectively, the measurement signal being indicative for the height at the measurement spot. A processor that receives these signals and corrects the measurement signal based on the reference signal. In one configuration, the level sensor has an optical element arranged to direct the reference beam towards a detection branch via an optical reference path arranged to be insensitive to the position of the projection lens system and the first reflecting surface. In one configuration, the level sensor is configured to direct the measurement beam and reference beam along optical paths that are at least partially substantially equal in at least one of the reference branch and the projection branch.