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公开(公告)号：US11203725B2
公开(公告)日：2021-12-21
申请号：US15481416
申请日：2017-04-06
发明人： Peter Lansell , David Lowe
摘要： Carbonaceous-containing material including biomass, municipal solid waste, and/or coal and/or contaminated soil, and/or other carbonaceous materials may be gasified at low temperatures utilizing a reactor designed to generate shockwaves in a supersonic gaseous vortex. Preprocessed waste may be introduced into the reactor. A gas stream may be introduced substantially tangentially to an inner surface of a chamber of the reactor to generate a gaseous vortex rotating about a longitudinal axis within the chamber. The gas stream may be introduced using a nozzle that accelerates the gas stream to a supersonic velocity, and may impinge on an impactor positioned within the reactor chamber. A frequency of shockwaves emitted from the nozzle into the gaseous vortex may be controlled. The processed waste discharged from the reactor, which may include a gas component and at least a solid component, can be subjected to separation, and at least some of the gas component and at least one solid component (i.e., tars) may be fed back to the feeding device so that the solids from the processed waste condense on preprocessed waste contained in the feeding device and are reprocessed within the reactor. The gas component from the feeding device may be cleaned after the solids have been condensed out in the feeding device.
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公开(公告)号：US10434488B2
公开(公告)日：2019-10-08
申请号：US14823890
申请日：2015-08-11
发明人： Peter Lansell , William Keating , David Lowe , Dominic Evans
摘要： Methane may be dissociated at low temperatures and/or pressures utilizing a reactor designed to generate shockwaves in a supersonic gaseous vortex. Within a preprocessing chamber, the methane may be pressurized to a pressure of 700 kPa or more, and heated to a temperature below a dissociation temperature of methane. The methane may be introduced as a gas stream substantially tangentially to an inner surface of a chamber of the reactor to effectuate a gaseous vortex rotating about a longitudinal axis within the chamber. The gas stream may be introduced using a nozzle that accelerates the gas stream to a supersonic velocity. A frequency of shockwaves emitted from the nozzle into the gaseous vortex may be controlled. Product gas and carbon byproduct may be emitted from the chamber of the reactor. The carbon byproduct may be separated out from the product gas using a gas/solid separator.
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3.发明申请SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROCESSING SOLID MATERIALS USING SHOCKWAVES PRODUCED IN A SUPERSONIC GASEOUS VORTEX 有权使用在超级气旋VORTEX中生产的冲击波处理固体材料的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US20150352558A1
公开(公告)日：2015-12-10
申请号：US14298877
申请日：2014-06-06
发明人： Peter Lansell , William Keating , David Lowe
CPC分类号： B02C19/18 , B01J3/08 , B01J4/002 , B01J8/002 , B01J8/14 , B01J8/16 , B01J19/10 , B01J19/26 , B01J2208/00212 , B01J2208/00415 , B01J2208/00433 , B01J2208/00442 , B01J2208/00469 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/00902 , B01J2219/00761 , B02C19/06 , B02C19/186
摘要： Solid materials may be processed using shockwaves produced in a supersonic gaseous vortex. A high-velocity stream of gas may be introduced into a reactor. The reactor may have a chamber, a solid material inlet, a gas inlet, and an outlet. The high-velocity stream of gas may be introduced into the chamber of the reactor through the gas inlet. The high-velocity stream of gas may effectuate a supersonic gaseous vortex within the chamber. The reactor may be configured to facilitate chemical reactions and/or comminution of solid feed material using tensive forces of shockwaves created in the supersonic gaseous vortex within the chamber. Solid material may be fed into the chamber through the solid material inlet. The solid material may be processed within the chamber by nonabrasive mechanisms facilitated by the shockwaves within the chamber. The processed material that is communicated through the outlet of the reactor may be collected.
摘要翻译： 可以使用在超音速气体涡流中产生的冲击波来处理固体材料。 可以将高速气体流引入反应器。 反应器可以具有室，固体材料入口，气体入口和出口。 高速气流可以通过气体入口引入反应器的室中。 高速气流可以在室内实现超音速气体涡流。 反应器可以被配置为促进固体进料的化学反应和/或粉碎，其使用在室内的超音速气体涡流中产生的冲击波的强力。 固体材料可以通过固体材料入口进入腔室。 固体材料可以在室内通过室内的冲击波促成的非磨损机构来加工。 可以收集通过反应器出口连通的加工材料。
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公开(公告)号：US10562036B2
公开(公告)日：2020-02-18
申请号：US15277975
申请日：2016-09-27
发明人： Peter Lansell , William Keating , David Lowe
摘要： Various wear resistance designs may be applied to a reactor configured to facilitate chemical reactions, and/or comminution using shockwaves created in a supersonic gaseous vortex. The reactor may include a rigid chamber having a substantially circular cross-section. A first gas inlet may be configured to introduce a high-velocity gas stream into the chamber. A first replaceable wear part may be disposed in the chamber to absorb wear impact caused by the gas stream. In some implementations, the first replaceable wear part may be a cylindrical rod continuously fed into the chamber. In some implementations, the first replaceable wear part may be coated with, or composed of, a catalytic material, and/or may be electrically isolated from the rest of the reactor. In some implementations, a second gas inlet may be disposed to steer the gas stream to a desired area within the chamber to even out the wear impact.
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公开(公告)号：US10427129B2
公开(公告)日：2019-10-01
申请号：US14690149
申请日：2015-04-17
发明人： Peter Lansell , William Keating , David Lowe
摘要： A gas reactor system may be configured for facilitating chemical reactions of gases using shockwaves produced in a supersonic gaseous vortex. The system may include a gas source to provide a gas to a heater and/or a reactor. The reactor may be configured to facilitate chemical reactions of gases using shockwaves created in a supersonic gaseous vortex. The reactor may be arranged with a gas inlet to introduce a high-velocity steam of gas into a chamber of the reactor. The gas inlet may effectuate a vortex of supersonic circulating gas within the chamber. The vortex may rotate at supersonic speed about the longitudinal axis of the chamber. The system may be configured to store an output product of the reactor in a storage tank in fluid communication with the reactor.
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6.发明授权Reactor configured to facilitate chemical reactions and/or comminution of solid feed materials 有权反应器配置为促进固体进料的化学反应和/或粉碎公开(公告)号：US09050604B1
公开(公告)日：2015-06-09
申请号：US14298868
申请日：2014-06-06
发明人： Peter Lansell , William Keating , David Lowe
CPC分类号： B02C19/061
摘要： A reactor may be configured to facilitate chemical reactions and/or comminution of solid feed materials. The reactor may be configured to make use of shockwaves created in a supersonic gaseous vortex. The reactor may include a rigid chamber having a substantially circular cross-section. A gas inlet may be configured to introduce a high-velocity stream of gas into the chamber. The gas inlet may be disposed and arranged so as to effectuate a vortex of the stream of gas circulating within the chamber. The vortex may rotate at a supersonic speed about a longitudinal axis of the chamber. A material inlet may be configured to introduce a material to be processed into the chamber. The material may be processed within the chamber by nonabrasive mechanisms facilitated by shockwaves within the chamber. An outlet may be configured to emit the gas and processed material from the chamber.
摘要翻译： 反应器可以被配置为促进固体进料的化学反应和/或粉碎。 反应器可以被配置为利用在超音速气体涡流中产生的冲击波。 反应器可以包括具有基本圆形横截面的刚性室。 气体入口可以被配置成将高速气流引入腔室。 气体入口可以被布置和布置以便实现在室内循环的气体流的涡流。 涡流可以围绕腔室的纵向轴线以超音速旋转。 材料入口可以被配置成将待处理的材料引入室中。 材料可以在室内通过室内的冲击波促成的非磨蚀机构进行加工。 出口可以被配置成从腔室排出气体和处理过的物质。
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7.发明授权公开(公告)号：US10550731B2
公开(公告)日：2020-02-04
申请号：US15406608
申请日：2017-01-13
发明人： Peter Lansell , David Lowe
摘要： Steam may be generated using an apparatus that creates shockwaves in a supersonic gaseous vortex. The apparatus includes a chamber configured to receive, pressurize, and heat fuel gas and/or oxygen containing gas. One or more inlets positioned at a first end of the chamber and arranged to emit fuel gas, oxygen containing gas, or water as one or more jet streams tangentially to an internal surface of the chamber may create a gaseous vortex rotating about a longitudinal axis within the chamber. The inlet(s) may include one or more inlet nozzles structured to accelerate the one or more fuel gas, oxygen-containing gas, or water to a supersonic velocity and adjustably control frequency of shockwaves emitted into the gaseous vortex. Water can be injected into the chamber to stabilize internal chamber temperature where it may be converted into steam. An outlet may be configured to emit product gases and/or steam from the chamber.
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8.发明授权公开(公告)号：US10137456B1
公开(公告)日：2018-11-27
申请号：US14719303
申请日：2015-05-21
发明人： Peter Lansell , William Keating , David Lowe
摘要： A reactor may be configured to facilitate chemical reactions and/or comminution of solid feed materials. The reactor may be configured to make use of shockwaves created in a supersonic gaseous vortex. The reactor may include a rigid chamber having a substantially circular cross-section. A gas inlet may be configured to introduce a high-velocity stream of gas into the chamber. The gas inlet may be disposed and arranged so as to effectuate a vortex of the stream of gas circulating within the chamber. The vortex may rotate at a supersonic speed about a longitudinal axis of the chamber. A material inlet may be configured to introduce a material to be processed into the chamber. The material may be processed within the chamber by nonabrasive mechanisms facilitated by shockwaves within the chamber. An outlet may be configured to emit the gas and processed material from the chamber.
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公开(公告)号：US09724703B2
公开(公告)日：2017-08-08
申请号：US14298877
申请日：2014-06-06
发明人： Peter Lansell , William Keating , David Lowe
CPC分类号： B02C19/18 , B01J3/08 , B01J4/002 , B01J8/002 , B01J8/14 , B01J8/16 , B01J19/10 , B01J19/26 , B01J2208/00212 , B01J2208/00415 , B01J2208/00433 , B01J2208/00442 , B01J2208/00469 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/00902 , B01J2219/00761 , B02C19/06 , B02C19/186
摘要： Solid materials may be processed using shockwaves produced in a supersonic gaseous vortex. A high-velocity stream of gas may be introduced into a reactor. The reactor may have a chamber, a solid material inlet, a gas inlet, and an outlet. The high-velocity stream of gas may be introduced into the chamber of the reactor through the gas inlet. The high-velocity stream of gas may effectuate a supersonic gaseous vortex within the chamber. The reactor may be configured to facilitate chemical reactions and/or comminution of solid feed material using tensive forces of shockwaves created in the supersonic gaseous vortex within the chamber. Solid material may be fed into the chamber through the solid material inlet. The solid material may be processed within the chamber by nonabrasive mechanisms facilitated by the shockwaves within the chamber. The processed material that is communicated through the outlet of the reactor may be collected.
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10.发明授权Providing wear resistance in a reactor configured to facilitate chemical reactions and/or comminution of solid feed materials using shockwaves created in a supersonic gaseous vortex 有权在反应器中提供耐磨性，其被配置为利用在超音速气体涡流中产生的冲击波促进固体进料的化学反应和/或粉碎公开(公告)号：US09452434B1
公开(公告)日：2016-09-27
申请号：US14690111
申请日：2015-04-17
发明人： Peter Lansell , William Keating , David Lowe
IPC分类号： B02C19/06
CPC分类号： B02C19/06 , B02C2210/02
摘要： Various wear resistance designs may be applied to a reactor configured to facilitate chemical reactions, and/or comminution using shockwaves created in a supersonic gaseous vortex. The reactor may include a rigid chamber having a substantially circular cross-section. A first gas inlet may be configured to introduce a high-velocity gas stream into the chamber. A first replaceable wear part may be disposed in the chamber to absorb wear impact caused by the gas stream. In some implementations, the first replaceable wear part may be a cylindrical rod continuously fed into the chamber. In some implementations, the first replaceable wear part may be coated with, or composed of, a catalytic material, and/or may be electrically isolated from the rest of the reactor. In some implementations, a second gas inlet may be disposed to steer the gas stream to a desired area within the chamber to even out the wear impact.
摘要翻译： 可以将各种耐磨性设计应用于构造成促进化学反应的反应器和/或使用在超音速气体涡流中产生的冲击波的粉末化和/或粉碎。 反应器可以包括具有基本圆形横截面的刚性室。 第一气体入口可以被配置成将高速气流引入室中。 第一可替换的磨损部件可以设置在腔室中以吸收由气流引起的磨损冲击。 在一些实施方案中，第一可更换的磨损部分可以是连续地进入腔室的圆柱形杆。 在一些实施方案中，第一可替换的耐磨部件可以涂覆有或由催化材料组成，和/或可以与反应器的其余部分电隔离。 在一些实施方案中，可以设置第二气体入口以将气流转向腔室内的期望区域以均匀地磨损磨损。
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