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公开(公告)号：US5405606A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-11
申请号：US161893
申请日：1993-12-03
IPC分类号： A01N1/00
CPC分类号： A01N1/00
摘要： An improved embalming composition and method has been developed. The embalming fluid is a mixture including glutaraldehyde, an aromatic ether of ethanol phenoxyethanol, at least one alcohol, and a polyhydric alcohol humectant. The formulation has no formaldehyde.
摘要翻译： 改进的防腐组合物和方法已经开发出来。 防腐液是包括戊二醛，乙醇苯氧基乙醇的芳香醚，至少一种醇和多元醇保湿剂的混合物。 配方不含甲醛。
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公开(公告)号：US5827511A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-27
申请号：US805207
申请日：1997-02-27
IPC分类号： A01N1/00
CPC分类号： A01N1/00
摘要： An improved preservative and embalming fluid and method has been developed. The embalming fluid is a mixture including glutaraldehyde, an aromatic ether of ethanol, e.g. phenoxyethanol, at least one alcohol, and a polyhydric alcohol humectant. The formulation has no formaldehyde. The concentrate is diluted with water for use and may include a borate buffer.
摘要翻译： 已经开发了改进的防腐剂和防腐液体和方法。 防腐液是包括戊二醛，乙醇的芳香醚的混合物， 苯氧基乙醇，至少一种醇和多元醇保湿剂。 配方不含甲醛。 浓缩物用水稀释使用，可包括硼酸盐缓冲液。
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公开(公告)号：US5622695A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-22
申请号：US306696
申请日：1994-09-15
IPC分类号： A01N1/00
CPC分类号： A01N1/00
摘要： An improved preserving fluid and method has been developed. The fluid is a mixture including glutaraldehyde, an aromatic ether of ethanol e.g. phenoxyethanol, at least one alcohol, and a polyhydric alcohol humectant. The formulation has no formaldehyde.
摘要翻译： 已经开发出改进的保存液和方法。 流体是包括戊二醛，乙醇的芳族醚的混合物，例如 苯氧基乙醇，至少一种醇和多元醇保湿剂。 配方不含甲醛。
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公开(公告)号：US5607668A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-04
申请号：US306645
申请日：1994-09-15
IPC分类号： A01N1/00
CPC分类号： A01N1/00
摘要： An improved embalming composition and method has been developed. The embalming fluid is a mixture including glutaraldehyde, an aromatic ether of ethanol, e.g. phenoxy-ethanol, at least one alcohol, and a polyhydric alcohol humectant. The formulation has no formaldehyde.
摘要翻译： 改进的防腐组合物和方法已经开发出来。 防腐液是包括戊二醛，乙醇的芳香醚的混合物， 苯氧基 - 乙醇，至少一种醇和多元醇保湿剂。 配方不含甲醛。
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公开(公告)号：US07740826B2
公开(公告)日：2010-06-22
申请号：US11585368
申请日：2006-10-24
申请人： Valery N. Khabashesku , Haiqing Peng , John L. Margrave , Mary Lou Margrave, legal representative , Wilbur Edward Billups , Yunming Ying
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/174 , C01B2202/02 , C01B2202/06 , Y10S977/742 , Y10S977/745 , Y10S977/748 , Y10S977/75 , Y10T428/25
摘要： A method for functionalizing the wall of single-wall or multi-wall carbon nanotubes involves the use of acyl peroxides to generate carbon-centered free radicals. The method allows for the chemical attachment of a variety of functional groups to the wall or end cap of carbon nanotubes through covalent carbon bonds without destroying the wall or endcap structure of the nanotube. Carbon-centered radicals generated from acyl peroxides can have terminal functional groups that provide sites for further reaction with other compounds. Organic groups with terminal carboxylic acid functionality can be converted to an acyl chloride and further reacted with an amine to form an amide or with a diamine to form an amide with terminal amine. The reactive functional groups attached to the nanotubes provide improved solvent dispersibility and provide reaction sites for monomers for incorporation in polymer structures. The nanotubes can also be functionalized by generating free radicals from organic sulfoxides.
摘要翻译： 用于官能化单壁或多壁碳纳米管的壁的方法涉及使用酰基过氧化物以产生碳中心的自由基。 该方法允许通过共价碳键将各种官能团化学连接到碳纳米管的壁或端盖上，而不破坏纳米管的壁或端帽结构。 由酰基过氧化物产生的碳中心基团可以具有提供与其它化合物进一步反应的位点的末端官能团。 具有末端羧酸官能团的有机基团可以转化为酰氯，并进一步与胺反应形成酰胺或与二胺反应以与末端胺形成酰胺。 连接到纳米管的反应性官能团提供改进的溶剂分散性，并为单体提供用于掺入聚合物结构的反应位点。 纳米管也可以通过产生有机亚砜的自由基来官能化。
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公开(公告)号：US4165974A
公开(公告)日：1979-08-28
申请号：US341841
申请日：1973-03-16
IPC分类号： C03B40/02 , C03B40/027 , C03B39/00
CPC分类号： C03B40/02 , C03B40/027 , Y02P40/57
摘要： A lubricant for improved performance in glass molding. The lubricant is smokeless, odorless, non-toxic and non-combustible. It is applied infrequently, such as once a shift or less. The lubricant is carbon monofluoride (CF.sub.x).sub.n wherein "x" is about 0.7 or, preferably, above 1.00. Novel methods of application of the lubricant are disclosed.
摘要翻译： 用于提高玻璃成型性能的润滑剂。 润滑剂无烟，无臭，无毒，不燃。 它不经常使用，例如一次或更少。 润滑剂是一氟化碳（CFx）n，其中“x”为约0.7，或优选高于1.00。 公开了施加润滑剂的新颖方法。
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7.发明授权Fabrication of carbon nanotube reinforced epoxy polymer composites using functionalized carbon nanotubes 有权使用官能化碳纳米管制备碳纳米管增强环氧聚合物复合材料公开(公告)号：US07601421B2
公开(公告)日：2009-10-13
申请号：US10559905
申请日：2004-06-16
申请人： Valery N. Khabashesku , Jiang Zhu , Haiqing Peng , Enrique V. Barrera , John L. Margrave , Mary Lou Margrave, legal representative
CPC分类号： D06M13/11 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/152 , C01B32/174 , C01B2202/02 , C01B2202/04 , C01B2202/06 , C08J5/005 , C08J5/06 , C08J2363/00 , D06M11/09 , D06M11/52 , D06M13/148 , D06M13/196 , D06M15/55 , D06M2101/40 , Y10S977/742 , Y10S977/745 , Y10S977/746 , Y10S977/748 , Y10S977/75 , Y10S977/752 , Y10S977/753 , Y10S977/778 , Y10S977/847 , Y10T428/24994 , Y10T428/30 , Y10T428/31511
摘要： The present invention is directed to methods of integrating carbon nanotubes into epoxy polymer composites via chemical functionalization of carbon nanotubes, and to the carbon nanotube-epoxy polymer composites produced by such methods. Integration is enhanced through improved dispersion and/or covalent bonding with the epoxy matrix during the curing process. In general, such methods involve the attachment of chemical moieties (i.e., functional groups) to the sidewall and/or end-cap of carbon nanotubes such that the chemical moieties react with either the epoxy precursor(s) or the curing agent(s) (or both) during the curing process. Additionally, in some embodiments, these or additional chemical moieties can function to facilitate dispersion of the carbon nanotubes by decreasing the van der Waals attractive forces between the nanotubes.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过碳纳米管的化学官能化将碳纳米管整合到环氧聚合物复合材料中的方法，以及通过这些方法生产的碳纳米管 - 环氧聚合物复合材料。 通过在固化过程中改进与环氧基质的分散和/或共价键合来增强集成。 通常，这种方法包括将化学部分（即官能团）连接到碳纳米管的侧壁和/或端盖上，使得化学部分与环氧前体或固化剂反应， （或两者）。 另外，在一些实施方案中，这些或其它化学部分可以通过降低纳米管之间的范德华力吸引力来起到促进碳纳米管分散的作用。
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8.发明授权Chemical derivatization of single-wall carbon nanotubes to facilitate solvation thereof, and use of derivatized nanotubes 失效单壁碳纳米管的化学衍生化以促进其溶剂化，以及衍生的纳米管的使用公开(公告)号：US06835366B1
公开(公告)日：2004-12-28
申请号：US09787473
申请日：2001-03-16
申请人： John L. Margrave , Edward T. Mickelson , Robert Hauge , Peter Boul , Chad Huffman , Jie Liu , Richard E. Smalley , Ken Smith , Daniel T. Colbert
发明人： John L. Margrave , Edward T. Mickelson , Robert Hauge , Peter Boul , Chad Huffman , Jie Liu , Richard E. Smalley , Ken Smith , Daniel T. Colbert
IPC分类号： D01F912
CPC分类号： B01J21/18 , B01J23/74 , B01J23/755 , B01J35/006 , B01J35/06 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/174 , C01B2202/02 , C01B2202/06 , D01F11/121 , Y10S977/74 , Y10S977/748 , Y10S977/75 , Y10S977/843 , Y10S977/848
摘要： This invention is directed to making chemical derivatives of carbon nanotubes and to uses for the derivatized nanotubes, including making arrays as a basis for synthesis of carbon fibers. In one embodiment, this invention also provides a method for preparing single wall carbon nanotubes having substituents attached to the side wall of the nanotube by reacting single wall carbon nanotubes with fluorine gas and recovering fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes, then reacting fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes with a nucleophile. Some of the fluorine substituents are replaced by nucleophilic substitution. If desired, the remaining fluorine can be completely or partially eliminated to produce single wall carbon nanotubes having substituents attached to the side wall of the nanotube. The substituents will, of course, be dependent on the nucleophile, and preferred nucleophiles include alkyl lithium species such as methyl lithium. Alternatively, fluorine may be fully or partially removed from fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes by reacting the fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes with various amounts of hydrazine, substituted hydrazine or alkyl amine. The present invention also provides seed materials for growth of single wall carbon nanotubes comprising a plurality of single wall carbon nanotubes or short tubular molecules having a catalyst precursor moiety covalently bound or physisorbed on the outer surface of the sidewall to provide the optimum metal cluster size under conditions that result in migration of the metal moiety to the tube end.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及制备碳纳米管的化学衍生物和衍生纳米管的用途，包括制备阵列作为碳纤维合成的基础。 在一个实施方案中，本发明还提供了通过使单壁碳纳米管与氟气反应并回收氟衍生的碳纳米管，制备具有连接到纳米管侧壁上的取代基的单壁碳纳米管的方法，然后使氟衍生的碳纳米管与 亲核试剂 一些氟取代基被亲核取代取代。 如果需要，可以完全或部分地除去剩余的氟以产生具有连接到纳米管的侧壁上的取代基的单壁碳纳米管。 取代基当然取决于亲核试剂，优选的亲核试剂包括烷基锂物质如甲基锂。 或者，可以通过使氟衍生的碳纳米管与各种量的肼，取代的肼或烷基胺反应，从氟衍生的碳纳米管中完全或部分地除去氟。 本发明还提供用于生长单壁碳纳米管的种子材料，其包含多个单壁碳纳米管或具有在侧壁的外表面上共价结合或物理吸附的催化剂前体部分的短管状分子，以提供最佳金属簇尺寸 导致金属部分迁移到管端的条件。
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9.发明授权Fiber-reinforced polymer composites containing functionalized carbon nanotubes 有权含有官能化碳纳米管的纤维增强聚合物复合材料公开(公告)号：US08187703B2
公开(公告)日：2012-05-29
申请号：US12553721
申请日：2009-09-03
申请人： Jiang Zhu , Valery N. Khabashesku , Haiqing Peng , Enrique V. Barrera , John L. Margrave , Mary Lou Margrave, legal representative
CPC分类号： B29C70/081 , B82Y30/00 , C08J5/005 , C08J5/06 , C08J5/24 , C08J2363/00 , D06M11/73 , D06M15/285 , D06M15/327 , D06M15/55 , D06M23/08 , D06M2101/36 , D06M2101/40 , Y10S977/745 , Y10S977/746 , Y10S977/748 , Y10S977/75 , Y10S977/753 , Y10T428/24994 , Y10T428/25 , Y10T428/31511
摘要： The present invention is directed to methods of integrating carbon nanotubes into epoxy polymer composites via chemical functionalization of carbon nanotubes, and to the carbon nanotube-epoxy polymer composites produced by such methods. Integration is enhanced through improved dispersion and/or covalent bonding with the epoxy matrix during the curing process. In general, such methods involve the attachment of chemical moieties (i.e., functional groups) to the sidewall and/or end-cap of carbon nanotubes such that the chemical moieties react with either the epoxy precursor(s) or the curing agent(s) (or both) during the curing process. Additionally, in some embodiments, these or additional chemical moieties can function to facilitate dispersion of the carbon nanotubes by decreasing the van der Waals attractive forces between the nanotubes.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过碳纳米管的化学官能化将碳纳米管整合到环氧聚合物复合材料中的方法，以及通过这些方法生产的碳纳米管 - 环氧聚合物复合材料。 通过在固化过程中改进与环氧基质的分散和/或共价键合来增强集成。 通常，这种方法包括将化学部分（即官能团）连接到碳纳米管的侧壁和/或端盖上，使得化学部分与环氧前体或固化剂反应， （或两者）。 另外，在一些实施方案中，这些或其它化学部分可以通过降低纳米管之间的范德华力吸引力来起到促进碳纳米管分散的作用。
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公开(公告)号：US06645455B2
公开(公告)日：2003-11-11
申请号：US09810201
申请日：2001-03-16
申请人： John L. Margrave , Edward T. Mickelson , Robert Hauge , Peter Boul , Chad Huffman , Jie Liu , Richard E. Smalley , Ken Smith , Daniel T. Colbert
发明人： John L. Margrave , Edward T. Mickelson , Robert Hauge , Peter Boul , Chad Huffman , Jie Liu , Richard E. Smalley , Ken Smith , Daniel T. Colbert
IPC分类号： D01F912
CPC分类号： B01J21/18 , B01J23/74 , B01J23/755 , B01J35/06 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/162 , C01B32/174 , C01B2202/02 , C01B2202/06 , C01B2202/08 , D01F11/121 , Y10S977/745 , Y10S977/75 , Y10S977/835 , Y10S977/843 , Y10S977/848 , Y10T428/139 , Y10T428/2918
摘要： This invention is directed to making chemical derivatives of carbon nanotubes and to uses for the derivatized nanotubes, including making arrays as a basis for synthesis of carbon fibers. In one embodiment, this invention also provides a method for preparing single wall carbon nanotubes having substituents attached to the side wall of the nanotube by reacting single wall carbon nanotubes with fluorine gas and recovering fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes, then reacting fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes with a nucleophile. Some of the fluorine substituents are replaced by nucleophilic substitution. If desired, the remaining fluorine can be completely or partially eliminated to produce single wall carbon nanotubes having substituents attached to the side wall of the nanotube. The substituents will, of course, be dependent on the nucleophile, and preferred nucleophiles include alkyl lithium species such as methyl lithium. Alternatively, fluorine may be fully or partially removed from fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes by reacting the fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes with various amounts of hydrazine, substituted hydrazine or alkyl amine. The present invention also provides seed materials for growth of single wall carbon nanotubes comprising a plurality of single wall carbon nanotubes or short tubular molecules having a catalyst precursor moiety covalently bound or physisorbed on the outer surface of the sidewall to provide the optimum metal cluster size under conditions that result in migration of the metal moiety to the tube end.
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