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公开(公告)号：US4179280A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-18
申请号：US898256
申请日：1978-04-20
申请人： Gerhard Reuter , Wolfram Schnabel , Harry Serbent
发明人： Gerhard Reuter , Wolfram Schnabel , Harry Serbent
IPC分类号： C21B13/08
CPC分类号： C21B13/08 , Y02P10/136
摘要： A process for directly reducing iron oxide-containing materials to provide sponge iron by heating said iron oxide-containing materials in a rotary kiln while employing a solid carbonaceous reducing agent having a high content of volatile combustible components, wherein oxygen-containing gases are injected into the rotary kiln at a controlled rate through shell pipes into the free kiln space and the charge is moved through the rotary kiln countercurrently to the flow of the kiln atmosphere, is described. The invention lies in injecting oxygen-containing gases at controlled rates through nozzle blocks into the charge disposed over said nozzle blocks and in injecting oxygen-containing gases at controlled rates through shell pipes into the free kiln space in that region of the heating-up zone defined by a point along the length of the heating-up zone where ignitable particles of the solid reducing agent first appear and a second point before the reducing zone.
摘要翻译： 一种直接还原含铁氧化物的材料以通过在回转窑中加热所述含氧化铁的材料以提供海绵铁的方法，同时使用具有高含量挥发性可燃组分的固体碳质还原剂，其中含氧气体被注入 描述了回转窑以受控的速率通过壳管进入自由窑空间，并且将电荷与回转窑逆流地移动到窑气的流动。 本发明在于通过喷嘴块将控制速率的含氧气体注入到设置在所述喷嘴块上的电荷中，并通过壳管将含氧气体以受控的速率注入到加热区域的自由窑空间中 由沿着加热区长度的点定义，其中首先出现固体还原剂的可点燃颗粒，并且在还原区之前的第二点。
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2.发明授权Waelz process of volatilizing zinc and lead from iron oxide-containing materials 失效Waelz工艺从含铁氧化物的材料中挥发锌和铅
公开(公告)号：US4238222A
公开(公告)日：1980-12-09
申请号：US059413
申请日：1979-07-20
申请人： Harry Serbent , Gerhard Reuter , Wolfram Schnabel , Gunter Kossek
发明人： Harry Serbent , Gerhard Reuter , Wolfram Schnabel , Gunter Kossek
CPC分类号： C21B13/08 , C22B13/02 , C22B19/04 , C22B7/02 , Y02P10/212
摘要： In a Waelz process of volatilizing zinc and lead from iron-containing and oxide-containing material in an inclined rotary kiln, which is charged at its upper end with the material together with solid carbonaceous reducing agent having a high content of volatile combustible constituents, wherein the reduction and volatilization are effected below the softening point of the charge, metallic iron-containing material is discharged from the lower end of the rotary kiln, combustion air is sucked into the lower end of the rotary kiln, and the exhaust gases are sucked from the upper end, the improvement which comprises blowing oxygen-containing gases through tubular air nozzles into the charge disposed over said tubular air nozzles in that region of the heating-up zone which begins where ignitable particles of the solid reducing agent begin to occur and which terminates at up to 50 percent of the length of the kiln.
摘要翻译： 在一种在倾斜回转窑中从含铁和含氧化物材料中挥发锌和铅的Waelz工艺中，该倾斜回转窑在其上端装有材料以及具有高挥发性可燃成分含量的固体碳质还原剂，其中 还原挥发是在电荷的软化点以下进行的，金属含铁材料从回转窑的下端排出，燃烧空气被吸入回转窑的下端，废气从 上端的改进包括通过管状空气喷嘴将含氧气体吹入设置在加热区域的所述管状空气喷嘴上的电荷中，该加热区开始于固体还原剂可点燃颗粒开始发生，并且哪个 终止于窑长度的50％。
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公开(公告)号：US4391583A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-05
申请号：US310953
申请日：1981-10-13
CPC分类号： F27B7/38
摘要： In the treatment of bulk materials with hot gases below the melting point of the charge component it is desired to prevent a formation of undesired crusts during normal operation and when the rotary kiln is operated at a reduced speed during short-time trouble. For this purpose, a controlled dissipation of heat is effected in several sections of the rotary kiln in that the shell of the kiln and the refractory lining are cooled so that the temperature of that portion of the inside surface of the rotary kiln which is submerged below the charge is always maintained at or up to 50.degree. C. below the temperature of the charge disposed thereover.
摘要翻译： 在用低于电荷组分熔点的热气体处理散装材料时，希望防止在正常操作期间形成不期望的结壳，并且在短时间麻烦时以低速运转回转窑。 为此，在回转窑的几个部分中进行受控的热耗散，其中窑的外壳和耐火衬里被冷却，使得回转窑的内表面部分的温度被淹没在下面 电荷总是保持在或高于设置在其上的电荷的温度低于50℃。
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公开(公告)号：US4312666A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-26
申请号：US119288
申请日：1980-02-07
CPC分类号： C21C5/52 , C21B13/14 , Y02P10/216
摘要： Residual materials which become available in metallurgy and contain oxides and volatilizable non-ferrous metals or compounds thereof are treated in a rotary kiln with solid carbonaceous reducing agents and are thus directly reduced in a high proportion to sponge iron whereas a substantial part of their non-ferrous metal content is volatilized. The solids discharged from the rotary kiln are sieved with a parting size of about 3 to 10 mm, depending on the feed grading of the residual materials and their disintegration characteristics, so that a major part of the unmagnetic material is included in the fine fraction. The coarse fraction is subjected to an electro-slag resistance process. The fine fraction is subjected to an electro-magnetic separation. The magnetic fraction is subjected to the resistance slag-refining process. The unmagnetic fraction is incorporated in and bonded to the feed mixture for the rotary kiln by a tumbling or pelletizing operation.
摘要翻译： 在具有固体碳质还原剂的回转窑中处理可用于冶金并含有氧化物和挥发性有色金属或其化合物的残余材料，因此与海绵铁直接还原成大部分， 黑色金属含量挥发。 取决于残留物料的进料分级及其崩解特性，从回转窑排出的固体以约3至10mm的分型尺寸筛分，使得非磁性材料的主要部分包括在细小部分中。 对粗级部进行电渣处理。 细分进行电磁分离。 对磁性部分进行电阻渣精炼处理。 通过滚动或造粒操作将非磁性部分结合到并结合到回转窑的进料混合物中。
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公开(公告)号：US4247323A
公开(公告)日：1981-01-27
申请号：US64976
申请日：1979-08-08
申请人： Harry Serbent , Wolfram Schnabel , Gerhard Reuter
发明人： Harry Serbent , Wolfram Schnabel , Gerhard Reuter
IPC分类号： C21B13/08
CPC分类号： C21B13/08 , Y02P10/136
摘要： When in the direct reduction of iron-oxide-containing materials in a rotary kiln solid, carbonaceous reducing agents having a high content of volatile constituents are charged to the rotary kiln at its charging end, a reoxidation of the sponge iron can readily occur in the final portion of the reduction zone unless a definite surplus of solid reducing agent is there maintained. To reduce the required surplus while still positively avoiding reoxidation, reducing gases and/or liquid hydrocarbons are introduced in said final portion by means of tubular air nozzles at least partially into the charge located above the air nozzles beginning with at least 75 percent metallization.
摘要翻译： 当在回转窑固体中直接还原含氧化铁材料时，具有高挥发成分含量的碳质还原剂在其充电端装入回转窑中，海绵铁的再氧化可以容易地在 还原区的最终部分，除非存在固体还原剂的确定剩余。 为了减少所需的剩余量同时仍然积极地避免再氧化，减少气体和/或液体烃通过管状空气喷嘴被引入所述最终部分中，管状空气喷嘴至少部分地进入位于空气喷嘴上方的电荷，以至少75％的金属化开始。
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6.发明授权Process of producing sponge iron by a direct reduction of iron oxide-containing material in a rotary kiln 失效通过在回转窑中直接还原含氧化铁的材料生产海绵铁的方法
公开(公告)号：US4469509A
公开(公告)日：1984-09-04
申请号：US417960
申请日：1982-09-14
IPC分类号： C21B13/08
CPC分类号： C21B13/08 , Y02P10/136
摘要： In the operation of the rotary kiln provided at its charging end with a central burner, solid reducing agents having a high content of volatile constituents are used and the charge and the gas atmosphere are conducted in cocurrent streams. To avoid a high heat load per unit of volume in the heating-up zone and yet to increase the heating-up rate, a solid carbonaceous reducing agent having a high content of volatile constituents is charged together with the iron oxide-containing material into the charging end of the rotary kiln, oxygen-containing gases are blown through nozzle blocks into the free gas space and into the charge in the heating-up zone, and oxygen-containing gases are blown through nozzle blocks into the free kiln space in the reducing zone.
摘要翻译： 在用中央燃烧器在其充电端设置的回转窑的操作中，使用具有高挥发成分含量的固体还原剂，并且电荷和气体气氛以并流方式进行。 为了避免加热区中每单位体积的高热负荷，并且为了提高升温速率，将具有高挥发成分含量的固体碳质还原剂与含氧化铁的材料一起装入 回转窑的充电端，含氧气体通过喷嘴块吹入自由气体空间并进入加热区中的电荷，含氧气体通过喷嘴块吹入自由窑空间中， 区。
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公开(公告)号：US4551172A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-05
申请号：US638912
申请日：1984-08-08
申请人： Lothar Formanek , Martin Hirsch , Harry Serbent , Wolfram Schnabel , Klaus-Dietrich Fritzsche , Heribert Koenig , Gero Rath
发明人： Lothar Formanek , Martin Hirsch , Harry Serbent , Wolfram Schnabel , Klaus-Dietrich Fritzsche , Heribert Koenig , Gero Rath
CPC分类号： C21B13/14 , F27D17/004 , Y10S75/958
摘要： Sponge iron is produced by a direct reduction with solid carbonaceous reducing agents. In order to permit a melting of the sponge iron, particularly of that part thereof which is inferior in metallurgical properties, in a process which is as simple and economical as possible, the exhaust gas from the direct reduction process is used to produce electrical energy, which is supplied to the electric reducing furnace, and sponge iron at a rate corresponding to the electrical energy that is produced is charged to the electrical reducing furnace and comprises at least part of the sponge iron which is inferior in metallurgical properties.
摘要翻译： 通过用固体碳质还原剂直接还原生产海绵铁。 为了允许在尽可能简单和经济的方法中熔融海绵铁，特别是其冶金性能差的那部分，使用来自直接还原工艺的废气来产生电能， 将其供给到电还原炉中，并且以与产生的电能相对应的速率将海绵铁装入电还原炉中，并且包括至少部分冶金特性差的海绵铁。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4490168A
公开(公告)日：1984-12-25
申请号：US569710
申请日：1984-01-11
申请人： Lothar Formanek , Martin Hirsch , Wolfram Schnabel , Harry Serbent , Klaus-Dietrich Fritzsche , Heribert Koenig , Detmar Arlt
发明人： Lothar Formanek , Martin Hirsch , Wolfram Schnabel , Harry Serbent , Klaus-Dietrich Fritzsche , Heribert Koenig , Detmar Arlt
CPC分类号： C21C5/5252 , C21B13/12
摘要： Sponge iron produced by direct reduction is melted in an electric arc furnace, in which a pool of liquid metal is maintained. To ensure that liquid carbon-containing iron for forming the pool is available in adequate quantities and that the process can be carried out with the highest possible economy, the sponge iron is reacted in an electric arc furnace on a bath of liquid carbon-containing iron (hot metal), which has been produced from sponge iron or from partly reduced ore in an electric reducing furnace, and in dependence on the electric load changes which are due to the operation of the electric arc furnace the operation of the electric reducing furnace is so controlled that a virtually constant load on the electric power supply system is maintained.
摘要翻译： 通过直接还原生产的海绵铁在电弧炉中熔化，其中维持液态金属池。 为了确保用于形成池的液体含碳铁足够量并且可以以最高的经济性进行该过程，海绵铁在电弧炉中在含有液体的含碳铁的浴中反应 （铁水），其由电熨斗中的海绵铁或部分还原的矿石生产，并且根据电弧炉的运行导致的电负荷变化，电还原炉的运行是 因此被控制以保持电力供应系统上的几乎恒定的负载。
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公开(公告)号：US4144052A
公开(公告)日：1979-03-13
申请号：US844853
申请日：1977-10-25
申请人： Harry Serbent , Wolfram Schnabel
发明人： Harry Serbent , Wolfram Schnabel
IPC分类号： C21B13/08
CPC分类号： C21B13/08 , Y02P10/136
摘要： A process has been developed for directly reducing iron-containing oxidic materials to sponge iron by means of a moist solid carbonaceous reducing agent having a high volatile content in a rotary kiln in which the solid charge and a gaseous atmosphere move in counter-current flow through the kiln.
摘要翻译： 已经开发了一种通过在回转窑中具有高挥发物含量的湿固体碳质还原剂直接还原含铁氧化物质到海绵铁的方法，其中固体电荷和气态气体逆流通过 窑
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10.发明授权Process of producing sponge iron by a direct reduction of iron oxide-containing materials 失效通过直接还原含氧化铁材料生产海绵铁的方法
公开(公告)号：US4443250A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-17
申请号：US417958
申请日：1982-09-14
申请人： Kurt Meyer , Lothar Reh , Martin Hirsch , Wolfram Schnabel , Harry Serbent
发明人： Kurt Meyer , Lothar Reh , Martin Hirsch , Wolfram Schnabel , Harry Serbent
CPC分类号： C21B13/08 , C21B13/146
摘要： Fine-grained material which contains iron oxide is prereduced in a fluidized bed and is subsequently completely reduced in a rotary kiln. In order to avoid agglomeration and incrustation in the rotary kiln, the prereduction is carried out to effect a metallization of 50 to 80%.
摘要翻译： 含有氧化铁的细粒材料在流化床中被还原，随后在回转窑中完全还原。 为了避免回转窑中的团聚和结垢，进行预还原以实现50〜80％的金属化。
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