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公开(公告)号：US4429954A
公开(公告)日：1984-02-07
申请号：US203568
申请日：1980-11-05
CPC分类号： G03H1/06 , G02F1/0338 , G02F1/0541 , Y10S359/90
摘要： Coherent light such as a laser beam is spatially modulated by causing it to interact at a photosensitive material such as a crystal with a focussed image of non-coherent light. An electric potential is applied to the crystal either transversely to the direction of the light or in line with the direction of the light according to either the Kerr effect or the Pockels effect. Typical crystals include Bismuth-silicon-oxide and strontium-barium-niobate.
摘要翻译： 相干光如激光束通过使其在诸如晶体的感光材料与非相干光的聚焦图像相互作用而被空间调制。 根据Kerr效应或Pockels效应，将电位横向于光的方向或与光的方向一致地施加到晶体上。 典型的晶体包括铋 - 氧化硅和铌酸钡 - 铌酸盐。
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2.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06450960B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-17
申请号：US09650306
申请日：2000-08-29
申请人： John D. G. Rather , H. John Caulfield , Richard D. Doolittle , Glenn W. Zeiders , Gregory W. Auner
发明人： John D. G. Rather , H. John Caulfield , Richard D. Doolittle , Glenn W. Zeiders , Gregory W. Auner
IPC分类号： A61B800
CPC分类号： A61B8/15 , A61B8/485 , Y10S128/916
摘要： An acoustoelectronic method and apparatus for generating real-time three-dimensional images of an object and characterizing such object are provided. The object is insonified with an incident acoustic signal derived from an electrical signal. Acoustic signals scattered from the object are collected by an acoustic receiver, which generates analog electrical signals that are subsequently converted to digital electronic signals. The digital electronic signals are used in both direct-imaging and holographic methods to produce a three-dimensional representation of the object from which images and characterizations can be generated.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于产生对象的实时三维图像并表征该对象的声电子方法和装置。 该物体用来自电信号的入射声信号进行声化。 从物体散射的声学信号由声学接收器收集，声学接收器产生随后转换成数字电子信号的模拟电信号。 数字电子信号用于直接成像和全息方法中以产生可以从其生成图像和表征的对象的三维表示。
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公开(公告)号：US06421943B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-23
申请号：US09561464
申请日：2000-04-28
申请人： H. John Caulfield , Ernest Halter
发明人： H. John Caulfield , Ernest Halter
IPC分类号： F41A1700
CPC分类号： F41A17/066 , G07C9/00158 , G07C9/00166
摘要： Biometric authorization and registration systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, the system preferably comprises a firearm that includes a biometric authorization system, a plurality of training computers, and a server. In the preferred embodiment, the server and the training computer interact to train the biometric authorization system in the firearm to accurately and reliably discriminate between the authorized user and unauthorized users. The server utilizes a training algorithm that takes into account biometric information of not only the authorized user of firearm, but also those of a large number of unauthorized users. Such biometric information is utilized to compute one or more discriminants and thresholds for such discriminant(s), which are then transmitted to the biometric authorization system in the firearm. If the user is allowed to operate the firearm a predetermined percentage of the time, the discriminant thresholds are fixed. If not, the server adjusts the thresholds, and the process is repeated. In another aspect of the present invention, the system may be utilized to uniquely register the firearm with the authorized user. Similar training algorithms are also disclosed for training biometric authorization systems in devices other than firearms.
摘要翻译： 公开了生物特征授权和注册系统和方法。 在一个实施例中，系统优选地包括包括生物特征授权系统，多个训练计算机和服务器的枪支。 在优选实施例中，服务器和训练计算机相互作用以训练枪支中的生物特征授权系统以准确和可靠地区分授权用户和非授权用户。 服务器利用训练算法，其不仅考虑了枪支的授权用户的生物特征信息，而且还考虑到大量未授权用户的生物特征信息。 这样的生物特征信息用于计算这种判别式的一个或多个鉴别和阈值，然后将其传送到枪支中的生物特征授权系统。 如果允许用户以预定百分比的时间操作火器，则判别阈值是固定的。 如果没有，则服务器调整阈值，重复该过程。 在本发明的另一方面，该系统可以用于与授权用户唯一地注册枪支。 还披露了类似的训练算法来训练除火器之外的装置中的生物特征授权系统。
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公开(公告)号：US5515184A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-07
申请号：US902881
申请日：1992-06-23
CPC分类号： G02B6/005 , G03H1/0408 , G03H1/22 , G03H1/2286 , G02B6/003 , G02B6/0065 , G02B6/2848 , G02B6/43
摘要： A waveguide hologram illumination system is based on thin substrate waveguides bearing a hologram on the surface through which light is diffracted out. A light source is optically coupled to the waveguide such that light emitted from the source is caused to propagate along the waveguide, being diffracted out at intersections with the surface of the waveguide on which the hologram is formed. The selective emission through the hologram can be advantageously used to illuminate display holograms or spatial light modulators. Provisions are made for rendering the amount of light emitted through the hologram uniform along the length of the hologram.
摘要翻译： 波导全息照明系统基于薄的衬底波导，其在光被衍射的表面上带有全息图。 光源光耦合到波导，使得从源发射的光被引导沿着波导传播，在与形成全息图的波导的表面交叉处衍射出。 通过全息图的选择性发射可以有利地用于照亮显示全息图或空间光调制器。 提供了使全息照射的光量沿着全息图的长度均匀化的规定。
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5.发明授权Neural processor with holographic optical paths and nonlinear operating means 失效具有全息光路和非线性运算装置的神经处理器
公开(公告)号：US5004309A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-02
申请号：US365441
申请日：1989-06-13
IPC分类号： G06N3/067
CPC分类号： G06N3/0675 , G06N3/067
摘要： An optical apparatus for simulating a highly interconnected neural network is disclosed as including a spatial light modulator (SLM), an inputting device, a laser, a detecting device, and a page-oriented hologaphic component. The inputting device applies input signals to the SLM. The holographic component optically interconnects N.sup.2 pixels defined on the spatial light modulator to N.sup.2 pixels defined on a detecting surface of the detecting device. The interconnections are made by N.sup.2 patterns of up to N.sup.2 interconnection weight encoded beams projected by N.sup.2 planar, or essentially two-dimensional, holograms arranged in a spatially localized array within the holographic component. The SLM modulates the encoded beams and directs them onto the detecting surface wherein a parameter of the beams is evaluated at each pixel thereof. The evaluated parameter is transformed according to a nonlinear threshold function to provide transformed signals which can be fed back to the SLM for further iterations.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于模拟高度互联的神经网络的光学装置，包括空间光调制器（SLM），输入装置，激光器，检测装置和面向页面的记录组件。 输入设备将输入信号应用于SLM。 全息成分将定义在空间光调制器上的N2个像素光学地互连到在检测装置的检测表面上限定的N2个像素。 互连通过由N 2平面或基本上二维的全息图投影的多达N2个互连重量编码光束的N 2图案来制成，该全息图排列在全息组件内的空间定位阵列中。 SLM调制编码的光束并将其引导到检测表面上，其中在其每个像素处评估光束的参数。 评估参数根据非线性阈值函数进行变换，以提供可以反馈到SLM进行进一步迭代的变换信号。
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公开(公告)号：USH738H
公开(公告)日：1990-02-06
申请号：US381543
申请日：1989-07-17
摘要： A device that provides reconfigurable optical interconnections of multipleata channels that have applications in highly parallel computers. The device utilizes an array of optical switches which direct a set of optical beams toward any one of a selection of holograms and each hologram when selected deflects the input beams toward a detector.
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公开(公告)号：US4510575A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-09
申请号：US410901
申请日：1982-08-24
CPC分类号： G03H1/0891 , G03H1/08 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A micro graphic representation such as a hologram is formed by directing from a computer to a display surface signals to form a very small portion of the graphic representation of the display surface, focusing a micro image of the display on a recording element, mechanically moving the recording element to a new position, optically measuring the new position and signalling the computer the precise new position and then sending to the display surface next signals to form on the display surface a next very small portion of the graphic representation with the position of the next portion modified to compensate for the difference between the measured position and the required position. The piece-by-piece display is repeated a large number of times to record an entire graphic representation. One embodiment of the invention is a hologram writer.
摘要翻译： 通过从计算机引导到显示表面来形成诸如全息图的微图形表示信号以形成显示表面的图形表示的非常小的一部分，将显示器的微观图像聚焦在记录元件上，机械地移动 记录元件到新位置，光学测量新位置并向计算机发送精确的新位置，然后向显示表面发送下一个信号以在显示表面上形成下一个非常小的图形表示部分，其中下一个位置 部分修改以补偿测量位置和所需位置之间的差异。 逐个显示重复了很多次，以记录整个图形表示。 本发明的一个实施例是全息图写入器。
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8.发明授权Method and apparatus for high-resolution detection and characterization of medical pathologies 有权用于医疗病理学高分辨率检测和表征的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US06728567B2
公开(公告)日：2004-04-27
申请号：US09994025
申请日：2001-11-27
申请人： John D. G. Rather , H. John Caulfield , Richard D. Doolittle , Peter J. Littrup , Glenn W. Zeiders
发明人： John D. G. Rather , H. John Caulfield , Richard D. Doolittle , Peter J. Littrup , Glenn W. Zeiders
IPC分类号： A61N702
CPC分类号： A61B8/08 , A61B6/502 , A61B8/0825 , A61B8/485 , Y10S128/92 , Y10S128/924 , Y10S128/925
摘要： The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the construction and/or use of multidimensional fields that can be used for high-resolution detection and characterization of features within objects. The multidimensional field is constructed from data that is collected by an array of radiation detectors that substantially surround the object under study. The detected radiation is produced by an array of radiation sources and is subsequently scattered, reflected, transmitted, or diffracted by the object under study and any features within the object under study. In particular embodiments of the invention, the radiation that is used is ultrasonic radiation and the object under study is human or animal tissue or an organ. In this case, the invention permits the detection and identification of cancer by an intelligently trained evaluation system.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于构建和/或使用多维场的方法和装置，其可用于对象内的特征的高分辨率检测和表征。 多维场是由基本上围绕被研究对象的辐射探测器阵列收集的数据构成的。 检测到的辐射是由辐射源的阵列产生的，随后被被研究对象散射，反射，传播或衍射，以及被研究对象内的任何特征。 在本发明的特定实施例中，所使用的辐射是超声辐射，并且所研究的对象是人或动物组织或器官。 在这种情况下，本发明允许通过智能训练的评估系统来检测和识别癌症。
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公开(公告)号：US5295208A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-15
申请号：US841576
申请日：1992-02-26
CPC分类号： G02B6/43 , G02B6/34 , G03H1/0408
摘要： A multimode waveguide having a small thickness has light coupled to the side of the waveguide in order to provide a multimode operation of the waveguide for providing a continuous pattern of totally internally reflected light which is utilized to reconstruct holographic images from a holographic emulsion placed on a surface of the waveguide. This waveguide structure for reconstructuring a hologram has the capability of providing highly efficient hologram reconstruction while using ordinary light sources and is able to use beam diameters greater than the thickness of the waveguide.
摘要翻译： 具有小厚度的多模波导具有耦合到波导侧的光，以便提供波导的多模操作，以提供全内反射光的连续图案，其被用于从放置在所述波导上的全息乳状液重建全息图像 波导表面。 用于重建全息图的波导结构具有在使用普通光源时提供高效全息图重建的能力，并且能够使用大于波导厚度的光束直径。
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公开(公告)号：US5056039A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-08
申请号：US219614
申请日：1988-07-14
申请人： H. John Caulfield
发明人： H. John Caulfield
IPC分类号： G06N3/067
CPC分类号： G06N3/067 , G06N3/0675
摘要： A system to produce interconnections between a planar input array and a planar output array using a holographic planar array made by a single exposure or multiple exposures of a photosensitive medium incorporated therein at each of M.times.N positions in said holographic planar array to store the weighted interconnections to connect each input of the O.times.P input array to any one or any combination of outputs in the R.times.s output array in parallel with the strength of connection for each output being determined by the weighting factors as stored in said holographic planar array unadjusted or as adjusted by one or more modulating devices incorporated therein when the optically aligned system is illuminated from any one or any combination of V.times.W sources each of which produces a beam of electromagnetic radiation singular in time or any combination of such V.times.W sources in parallel with each such source producing a different wavelength or any combination of such V.times.W sources producing the same wavelength of electromagnetic radiation and any one or any combination of the positions of the O.times.P input array are connected to either an electrical signal source or to an optical signal source.
摘要翻译： 一种使用全息平面阵列在平面输入阵列和平面输出阵列之间产生互连的系统，所述全息平面阵列通过在所述全息平面阵列中的每个M×N位置上并入其中的感光介质的单次曝光或多次曝光而制成，以将加权互连 将0xP输入阵列的每个输入连接到Rxs输出阵列中的任何一个或任何输出的组合，与每个输出的连接强度并联，每个输出的强度由存储在所述全息平面阵列中的加权因子确定，未经调整或由一个调整 当光学对准系统从VxW源的任何一个或任何组合照射时，其中的每个都产生时间上单一的电磁辐射波束或与每个这样的源并联的这些VxW源的任何组合产生不同的调制装置， 波长或这些VxW源的任何组合产生相同的波长 的电磁辐射，并且OxP输入阵列的任何一个或任何组合的位置连接到电信号源或光信号源。
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