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公开(公告)号：US07850057B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-14
申请号：US12703811
申请日：2010-02-11
申请人： Paul Fleming , David Lammlein , George E. Cook , Don Mitchell Wilkes , Alvin M. Strauss , David Delapp , Daniel A. Hartman
发明人： Paul Fleming , David Lammlein , George E. Cook , Don Mitchell Wilkes , Alvin M. Strauss , David Delapp , Daniel A. Hartman
IPC分类号： B23K20/12
CPC分类号： B23K20/125 , B23K2103/10 , B23K2103/18 , B23K2103/20
摘要： A friction stir system for processing at least a first workpiece includes a spindle actuator coupled to a rotary tool comprising a rotating member for contacting and processing the first workpiece. A detection system is provided for obtaining information related to a lateral alignment of the rotating member. The detection system comprises at least one sensor for measuring a force experienced by the rotary tool or a parameter related to the force experienced by the rotary tool during processing, wherein the sensor provides sensor signals. A signal processing system is coupled to receive and analyze the sensor signals and determine a lateral alignment of the rotating member relative to a selected lateral position, a selected path, or a direction to decrease a lateral distance relative to the selected lateral position or selected path. In one embodiment, the friction stir system can be embodied as a closed loop tracking system, such as a robot-based tracked friction stir welding (FSW) or friction stir processing (FSP) system.
摘要翻译： 用于处理至少第一工件的摩擦搅拌系统包括联接到旋转工具的主轴致动器，所述旋转工具包括用于接触和处理第一工件的旋转构件。 提供了一种用于获得与旋转构件的横向对准有关的信息的检测系统。 检测系统包括至少一个用于测量旋转工具所经受的力的传感器或与处理期间由旋转工具所经受的力有关的参数，其中传感器提供传感器信号。 信号处理系统被耦合以接收和分析传感器信号，并且确定旋转构件相对于所选择的横向位置，所选择的路径或减小相对于所选择的横向位置或所选路径的横向距离的方向的横向对准 。 在一个实施例中，摩擦搅拌系统可以被实现为闭环跟踪系统，例如基于机器人的跟踪摩擦搅拌焊接（FSW）或摩擦搅拌处理（FSP）系统。
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公开(公告)号：US4336440A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-22
申请号：US54517
申请日：1979-07-03
CPC分类号： B23K9/127
摘要： Apparatus for tracking a welding electrode (22) within a weld groove (12). As the welding arc struck between the electrode (22) and the workpiece (16) is oscillated laterally (14) within the groove means (28 and 30) are provided for supplying an indication of both the voltage drop between the electrode and the side wall of the groove as the arc approaches the side wall, and the width of the excursion of the arc from the center of oscillation to the point where the voltage is measured. The center of oscillation is then adjusted as a function of the measured width and voltage.
摘要翻译： 用于跟踪焊接槽（12）内的焊接电极（22）的装置。 当焊接在电极（22）和工件（16）之间的焊接电弧在槽装置（28和30）内侧向振荡（14）时，用于提供电极和侧壁之间的电压降的指示 当电弧接近侧壁时，凹槽的宽度以及从振荡中心到测量电压的点的电弧偏移的宽度。 然后根据测量的宽度和电压调整振荡中心。
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公开(公告)号：US4544825A
公开(公告)日：1985-10-01
申请号：US455893
申请日：1983-01-05
申请人： George E. Cook
发明人： George E. Cook
CPC分类号： B23K9/127
摘要： Method and apparatus for welding edge joints such as turbine blades and the like, including adaptive tracking circuitry for maintaining the center of oscillation of the welding electrode substantially aligned with the center of the workpiece as the electrode is moved along the workpiece, and means for adjusting welding parameters such as welding current to prevent melt over of the edge and wirefeed rate to control overlay height as the welding electrode approaches to within a predetermined distance from the edge of the workpiece. The disclosed embodiment samples the arc signal, processes the arc signal to remove undesirable noise components, uses the processed signal to adaptively position the electrode with respect to the workpiece, and controls the welding parameters related to overlay height when the sensed position of the electrode reaches a predetermined distance from the edge of the workpiece.
摘要翻译： 用于焊接诸如涡轮叶片等的边缘接头的方法和装置，包括自适应跟踪电路，用于当电极沿着工件移动时，使焊接电极的振荡中心基本上与工件的中心对准，以及用于调节 诸如焊接电流的焊接参数以防止边缘熔化并且焊丝进给速率以在焊接电极接近距工件边缘预定距离内时控制覆盖高度。 所公开的实施例对电弧信号进行采样，处理电弧信号以去除不期望的噪声分量，使用经处理的信号来相对于工件自动定位电极，并且当电极的感测位置到达时控制与覆盖高度相关的焊接参数 距离工件的边缘预定的距离。
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公开(公告)号：US4531192A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-23
申请号：US422369
申请日：1982-09-23
申请人： George E. Cook
发明人： George E. Cook
CPC分类号： B23K9/126 , B23K9/1274 , B23K9/1276 , G05B19/4207 , G05B2219/36417 , G05B2219/45083 , G05B2219/50071 , G05B2219/50356
摘要： Apparatus and method for sensing the topography of a workpiece with an electrical arc by measuring a parameter of the electrical arc signal as an electrode is scanned across the surface of the workpiece by a tool manipulator such as a multi-axis robot arm, and processing the measured arc signal in order to derive the three-dimensional topography. The apparatus includes a digital microcomputer which samples the arc signal, stores a plurality of samples in computer memory, computes the average of a predetermined number of samples, and provides correction factors to the host computer of the robot manipulator so that the electrode or a tool carried by the robot can be adaptively positioned. The apparatus senses such features of the workpiece as holes, edges, and slopes of a given magnitude, and passes the location of these features to the host computer for appropriate corrective action. The system provides vertical correction factors as well as workpiece scanning correction factors so that the host can adaptively adjust the position of the electrode or of a separate tool with respect to the workpiece.
摘要翻译： 通过测量作为电极的电弧信号的参数来检测工件的形貌的装置和方法通过诸如多轴机器人手臂的工具操纵器在工件的表面上扫描，并且处理 测量电弧信号，以得出三维地形。 该装置包括数字微计算机，其对电弧信号进行采样，将多个采样存储在计算机存储器中，计算预定数量样本的平均值，并向机器人操纵器的主计算机提供校正因子，使得电极或工具 由机器人携带可以自适应地定位。 该装置感测工件的这些特征作为给定大小的孔，边缘和斜率，并将这些特征的位置传递到主计算机以进行适当的校正动作。 该系统提供垂直校正因子以及工件扫描校正因子，使得主机可以相对于工件自适应地调整电极或单独工具的位置。
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公开(公告)号：US4145593A
公开(公告)日：1979-03-20
申请号：US654975
申请日：1976-02-03
CPC分类号： B23K9/1093 , B23K9/0286 , B23K9/323 , B23K2201/06
摘要： Apparatus for rapid and automatic welding of joints which interconnect sections of pipe, and in particular oil or gas transmission pipe. The system includes at least one torch transport assembly which simultaneously moves a plural number of welding torches along a path parallel to the pipe joint being welded. The torch transport assembly includes track segments which surround circumferential portions of the pipe joint, with a welding torch carrier and multiple torches being independently movable along each track segment. The torch transport assembly is mounted on a support apparatus which is rigidly clamped to the pipe sections during welding, and which permits the torch transport assembly to be rapidly positioned in rough alignment with a pipe joint. The torch transport assembly and selected operating parameters of each welding torch are adjusted to accurately position each torch with respect to the pipe joint, and to repeatably provide programmed welding parameters resulting in a uniform pipe joint weld. The present system is disclosed in the context of hot-wire gas-tungsten arc welding torches, and in the operating environment of out-of-position joint welding.
摘要翻译： 用于快速和自动焊接接头的装置，其连接管道部分，特别是油或气体传输管。 该系统包括至少一个割炬传送组件，其同时沿着平行于被焊接的管接头的路径移动多个焊炬。 割炬传送组件包括围绕管接头的圆周部分的轨道段，焊枪支架和多个焊炬可独立地沿着每个轨道段移动。 割炬传送组件安装在支撑装置上，该支撑装置在焊接期间刚性地夹紧到管道部分，并且允许炬传送组件快速定位成与管接头粗略对准。 每个焊炬的割炬传送组件和选定的操作参数被调节，以便相对于管接头精确地定位每个割炬，并且重复地提供编程的焊接参数，从而形成均匀的管接头焊接。 本发明的系统在热丝气钨电弧焊炬的背景下，以及在位置关节焊接的操作环境中公开。
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公开(公告)号：US5916142A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-29
申请号：US734163
申请日：1996-10-21
摘要： A swirler is provided for mixing air from a compressor and fuel from a fuel injector for discharge into a dome of a gas turbine engine combustor. The swirler includes a tubular ferrule for coaxially receiving the fuel injector. A plurality of circumferentially spaced apart swirl vanes are fixedly joined coaxially with the ferrule. An outlet tube is fixedly joined coaxially with the swirl vanes in flow communication therewith for receiving air from the swirlers and fuel from the fuel injector. An annular collar is fixedly joined around the outlet tube and has a convex spherical outer surface. An annular mounting flange for mounting the swirler to the combustor dome has a concave spherical inner surface disposed coaxially around the collar outer surface in a sliding fit therewith to define a ball joint for allowing relative rotation therebetween for self-aligning the fuel injector with the swirler.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种旋流器，用于混合来自压缩机的空气和来自燃料喷射器的燃料以排放到燃气涡轮发动机燃烧器的圆顶中。 旋流器包括用于同轴地接收燃料喷射器的管状套圈。 多个周向间隔开的旋流叶片与套圈同轴地固定地连接。 出口管与旋流叶片同轴地固定地与其形成流动连通，用于接收来自旋流器的空气和来自燃料喷射器的燃料。 环形套圈围绕出口管固定连接并具有凸的球形外表面。 用于将旋流器安装到燃烧器穹顶的环形安装凸缘具有凹入的球形内表面，其与轴套外表面同轴地设置，以与其滑动配合，以限定用于允许相对旋转的球形接头，用于使燃料喷射器与旋流器自动对准 。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5851679A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-22
申请号：US768264
申请日：1996-12-17
摘要： A metal or ceramic matrix composite part and corresponding method are provided exhibiting desired heat transfer characteristics. The part has a metal or ceramic matrix composite substrate and a multilayer dielectric coating. The coating has high reflectivity at wave lengths corresponding to radiation wavelengths of various combustion gases and has low reflectance at radiation wavelengths corresponding to the substrate. The multilayer coating allows the heat generated external of the part at wavelengths corresponding to combustion gases to be reflected from the part while permitting radiation wavelengths associated with the substrate to pass through the coating. The parts are useful for use in combustive gas atmospheres.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种金属或陶瓷基复合材料部件和相应的方法，具有期望的传热特性。 该部件具有金属或陶瓷基体复合衬底和多层电介质涂层。 涂层在对应于各种燃烧气体的辐射波长的波长处具有高反射率，并且在对应于衬底的辐射波长处具有低反射率。 多层涂层允许在对应于燃烧气体的波长处产生的部分外部的热量从部件反射，同时允许与衬底相关联的辐射波长通过涂层。 这些部件可用于可燃气体环境。
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公开(公告)号：US4491718A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-01
申请号：US380222
申请日：1982-05-20
CPC分类号： B23K9/0216
摘要： A template-matching adaptive control system for welding comprising noncontacting means for sensing the lateral profile of a weld joint while the welding electrode moves laterally across the joint, means for comparing the sensed lateral profile to a predetermined reference profile or "template", and means for adjusting a welding parameter, such as the center of oscillation for tracking, the width of oscillation, and constant fill control, in response to the results of the comparison. The comparison between the sensed lateral profile and the template is based upon a mathematical criterion of the degree of match therebetween. One disclosed embodiment performs control based upon finding the closest match between the sensed lateral profile and a plurality of different templates. Another embodiment performs control by making adjustments related to the value of the mathematical criterion. The disclosed embodiments employ programmed microprocessers to accomplish the template matching. The system can adapt to changes in direction of the weld seam as well as changes in the width and shape of the profile of the weld seam.
摘要翻译： 一种用于焊接的模板匹配自适应控制系统，包括用于在焊接电极横过关节移动时感测焊接接头的横向轮廓的非接触装置，用于将感测到的侧向轮廓与预定参考轮廓或“模板”进行比较的装置 用于调整焊接参数，例如用于跟踪的振荡中心，振荡宽度和恒定填充控制，以响应于比较的结果。 感测到的侧面轮廓和模板之间的比较是基于它们之间的匹配度的数学标准。 一个公开的实施例基于找到感测到的侧向轮廓和多个不同模板之间的最接近的匹配来执行控制。 另一个实施例通过进行与数学标准的值相关的调整来执行控制。 所公开的实施例使用编程的微处理器来完成模板匹配。 该系统可以适应焊缝方向的变化以及焊缝型材宽度和形状的变化。
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公开(公告)号：US4283617A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-11
申请号：US21784
申请日：1979-03-19
CPC分类号： B23K9/0286 , B23K9/1093 , B23K9/124 , B23K9/323 , B23K2201/06
摘要： Apparatus and method for rapid and automatic welding of joints which interconnect sections of pipe, and in particular oil or gas transmission pipe. The system includes at least one torch transport assembly which simultaneously moves one or more welding torches along a path parallel to the joint being welded. Selected operating parameters such as preheating power for the filler wire, of each welding torch are adjusted to accurately position each torch with respect to the joint, and to repeatably provide programmed welding parameters resulting in a uniform joint weld. The present system is disclosed in the context of hot-wire gas-tungsten arc welding torches.
摘要翻译： 用于快速和自动焊接接头的装置和方法，其将管道相连，特别是油或气体输送管道。 该系统包括至少一个割炬传送组件，其同时沿着平行于被焊接的接头的路径移动一个或多个焊炬。 调整每个焊炬的所选操作参数，例如用于填充线的预热功率，以相对于接头精确地定位每个焊炬，并且重复地提供编程的焊接参数，从而导致均匀的接合焊接。 本发明的系统在热丝气钨电弧焊炬的背景下公开。
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公开(公告)号：US4176269A
公开(公告)日：1979-11-27
申请号：US857226
申请日：1977-12-05
CPC分类号： B23K9/1093 , B23K9/0286 , B23K9/323 , B23K2201/06
摘要： Apparatus for rapid and automatic welding of joints which interconnect sections of pipe, and in particular oil or gas transmission pipe. The system includes at least one torch transport assembly which simultaneously moves a plural number of welding torches along a path parallel to the pipe joint being welded. The torch transport assembly includes track segments which surround circumferential portions of the pipe joint, with a welding torch carrier and multiple torches being independently movable along each track segment. The torch transport assembly is mounted on a support apparatus which is rigidly clamped to the pipe sections during welding, and which permits the torch transport assembly to be rapidly positioned in rough alignment with a pipe joint. The torch transport assembly and selected operating parameters of each welding torch are adjusted to accurately position each torch with respect to the pipe joint, and to repeatably provide programmed welding parameters resulting in a uniform pipe joint weld. The present system is disclosed in the context of hot-wire gas-tungsten arc welding torches, and in the operating environment of out-of-position joint welding.
摘要翻译： 用于快速和自动焊接接头的装置，其连接管道部分，特别是油或气体传输管。 该系统包括至少一个割炬传送组件，其同时沿着平行于被焊接的管接头的路径移动多个焊炬。 割炬传送组件包括围绕管接头的圆周部分的轨道段，焊枪支架和多个焊炬可独立地沿着每个轨道段移动。 割炬传送组件安装在支撑装置上，该支撑装置在焊接期间刚性地夹紧到管部分，并且允许炬传送组件快速定位成与管接头粗略对准。 每个焊炬的割炬传送组件和选定的操作参数被调整，以便相对于管接头精确地定位每个割炬，并且重复地提供编程的焊接参数，从而形成均匀的管接头焊接。 本发明的系统在热丝气钨电弧焊炬的背景下，以及在位置关节焊接的操作环境中公开。
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