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公开(公告)号：US5417774A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-23
申请号：US995624
申请日：1992-12-22
CPC分类号： B22F3/1007 , C21D1/763 , B23K35/38
摘要： A process for producing low-cost atmospheres suitable for annealing, brazing, and sintering ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, neutral hardening low, medium, and high carbon steels, sintering ceramic powders, and sealing glass to metal from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing up to 5% residual oxygen is disclosed. According to the process, suitable atmospheres are produced by 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen stream containing residual oxygen to a desired temperature, 2) mixing it with more than a stoichiometric amount a hydrocarbon gas, 3) passing it through a reactor packed with a platinum group of metal catalyst to reduce the residual oxygen to very low levels and convert it to a mixture of moisture and carbon dioxide, and 4) introducing the reactor effluent stream into the heating zone of a furnace and converting in-situ a portion of both moisture and carbon dioxide with a hydrocarbon gas to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The key features of the disclosed process include 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing residual oxygen to a certain minimum temperature, 2) adding more than a stoichiometric amount of a hydrocarbon gas to the pre-heated nitrogen stream, 3) using a platinum group of metal catalyst to initiate and sustain the reaction between oxygen and the hydrocarbon gas, and 4) converting in-situ a portion of both moisture and carbon dioxide with a hydrocarbon gas to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the heating zone of a furnace.
摘要翻译： 一种生产低成本气氛的方法，适用于退火，钎焊和烧结黑色和有色金属和合金，中性硬化低，中，高碳钢，烧结陶瓷粉末，以及将玻璃与非低温生产密封在一起 公开了含有高达5％残余氧的氮。 根据该方法，通过以下方式产生合适的气氛：1）将含有残余氧气的非低温生成氮气流预热至所需温度，2）将其与多于化学计量的烃气体混合，3）将其通过 用铂族金属催化剂填充的反应器将残余氧气减少至非常低的水平，并将其转化为水分和二氧化碳的混合物，以及4）将反应器流出物流引入炉的加热区并原位转化 一部分水分和二氧化碳与烃气体混合到一氧化碳和氢气中。 所公开的方法的主要特征包括：1）将非低温法生产的含氮残留氧预加热到一定的最低温度; 2）向预热的氮气流中加入多于化学计量的烃气体; 3） 使用铂族金属催化剂引发和维持氧气和烃类气体之间的反应，以及4）在加热中将一部分水分和二氧化碳与烃气体原位转化为一氧化碳和氢气的混合物 炉区。
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公开(公告)号：US5401339A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-28
申请号：US194757
申请日：1994-02-10
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Kerry R. Berger
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Kerry R. Berger
摘要： A process for producing low-cost atmospheres suitable for decarburize annealing carbon steels from non-cryogenically generated nitrogen containing up to 1.54 residual oxygen by catalytically deoxygenating a non-cryogenically generated nitrogen stream at low temperatures with a hydrocarbon gas and mixing the deoxygenated stream with an economical amount of hydrogen prior to introduction into the furnace for annealing. The process includes the use of 1) hydrocarbon gas to convert residual oxygen to a mixture of carbon dioxide and moisture at low temperatures and 2) mixing the deoxygenated stream with a sufficient amount of hydrogen to maintain a pH.sub.2 /pH.sub.2 O ratio of at least 2 in the furnace.
摘要翻译： 一种用于生产低成本气氛的方法，其适用于通过在低温下用烃气体催化脱氧非低温法生成的氮气流并将脱氧流与 在引入炉内进行退火之前经济的氢气量。 该方法包括使用1）烃类气体在低温下将残余氧气转化为二氧化碳和水分的混合物，以及2）将脱氧物流与足够量的氢气混合，以将pH2 / pH2O比保持在至少2 炉子。
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公开(公告)号：US5531372A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-02
申请号：US298004
申请日：1994-08-30
申请人： Brian B. Bonner , Diwakar Garg , Kerry R. Berger
发明人： Brian B. Bonner , Diwakar Garg , Kerry R. Berger
CPC分类号： B23K35/383 , B23K1/008 , B23K1/00
摘要： The present invention discloses a novel, moisture-free atmosphere for brazing carbon steels that provides good braze flow and brazed joint quality with minimum or no formation of soot on brazed joints. According to the present invention, carbon steels are brazed in continuous furnaces using a moisture-free atmosphere containing a mixture of three gases including nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide. The key features of the invention involve (1) formation of moisture, which is needed to facilitate braze flow and to minimize formation of soot on brazed joints, in-situ in the heating zone of the furnace by the reaction between hydrogen and carbon dioxide and (2) reduction in the overall amount of a reducing gas required for brazing carbon steels by keeping moisture out of the cooling zone. The use of a moisture-free three gas atmosphere has been unexpectedly found to (1) eliminate the need of an expensive and difficult to control external humidification system, (2) provide flexibility in adjusting moisture content of the atmosphere in the heating zone of the furnace simply by adjusting the flow rate of hydrogen or carbon dioxide or both, and (3) facilitate rapid conditioning of the furnace by keeping moisture out of the cooling zone. The moisture-free atmosphere has also been unexpectedly found to provide good braze flow, fillet formation, and brazed joint quality while minimizing or eliminating formation of soot on brazed joints.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种用于钎焊碳钢的新型无水气氛，其在钎焊接头上具有最少或不形成烟灰的情况下提供良好的钎焊流动和钎焊接头质量。 根据本发明，使用含有三种气体（包括氮气，氢气和二氧化碳）的混合物的无湿气氛将碳钢钎焊在连续炉中。 本发明的主要特征包括（1）通过氢气和二氧化碳之间的反应在炉的加热区中原位形成水分，其是促进钎焊流动并且最小化钎焊接头上的烟灰形成所需要的;以及 （2）通过将水分从冷却区域中除去而使碳钢钎焊所需的还原气体总量减少。 已经意外地发现使用无湿气的三种气体气氛（1）消除了昂贵且难以控制的外部加湿系统的需要，（2）提供调节加热区中的气氛中的含水量的灵活性 炉子简单地通过调节氢气或二氧化碳或两者的流量，和（3）通过将水分从冷却区域中除去来促进炉子的快速调节。 也意外地发现无湿度的气氛提供良好的钎焊流动，圆角形成和钎焊接头质量，同时最小化或消除钎焊接头上的烟灰形成。
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公开(公告)号：US5298090A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-29
申请号：US995617
申请日：1992-12-22
摘要： A process for producing low-cost atmospheres suitable for annealing, brazing, and sintering non-ferrous metals and alloys from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing up to 5%, residual oxygen is disclosed. According to the process, suitable atmospheres are produced by 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen stream containing residual oxygen to a desired temperature, 2) mixing it with more than a stoichiometric amount a hydrocarbon gas, 3) passing it through a reactor packed with a platinum group of metal catalyst to reduce the residual oxygen to very low levels and convert it to a mixture of moisture and carbon dioxide, and 4) using the reactor effluent stream for annealing, brazing, and sintering non-ferrous metals and alloys in a furnace. The key features of the disclosed process include 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing residual oxygen to a certain minimum temperature, 2) adding more than a stoichiometric amount of a hydrocarbon gas to the pre-heated nitrogen stream, and 3) using a platinum group of metal catalyst to initiate and sustain the reaction between oxygen and the hydrocarbon gas.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于生产低成本气氛的方法，该方法适用于从含低至5％残留氧的非低温法生产的氮中退火，钎焊和烧结有色金属和合金。 根据该方法，通过以下方式产生合适的气氛：1）将含有残余氧气的非低温生成氮气流预热至所需温度，2）将其与多于化学计量的烃气体混合，3）将其通过 反应器用铂族金属催化剂填充，将残余氧气降低至非常低的水平，并将其转化为水分和二氧化碳的混合物，以及4）使用反应器流出物流进行退火，钎焊和烧结有色金属， 合金在炉中。 所公开的方法的主要特征包括：1）将非低温法生产的含氮残留氧预加热到一定的最低温度; 2）向预热的氮气流中加入多于化学计量的烃类气体; 3） ）使用铂族金属催化剂引发和维持氧气和烃气体之间的反应。
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5.发明授权Atmospheres for extending life of wire mesh belts used in sintering powder metal components 失效用于延长烧结粉末金属部件的丝网带寿命的大气
公开(公告)号：US5613185A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-18
申请号：US456594
申请日：1995-06-01
CPC分类号： F27D3/12 , B22F3/1007 , C21D1/76 , F27D1/1678 , F27D2003/121
摘要： The present invention discloses novel nitrogen-hydrogen based atmospheres for sintering steel components in continuous furnaces with consistent quality and properties while prolonging the life of the wire mesh belts, reducing maintenance costs, and improving furnace productivity. Specifically, it discloses the use of a controlled amount of an oxidizing agent such as moisture, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, or mixtures thereof along with nitrogen-hydrogen atmospheres. The amount of an oxidizing agent added to the nitrogen-hydrogen atmospheres to pre-condition belt material prior to its use for sintering and to sinter steel components is controlled in such a way that atmospheres become oxidizing to the belt material but reducing to steel components being sintered, specifically in the high heating and cooling zones of continuous furnaces.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种用于在连续炉中烧结钢组分的新型氮 - 氢基气氛，具有一致的质量和性能，同时延长了丝网带的寿命，降低了维护成本，并提高了炉的生产率。 具体地说，它公开了使用受控量的氧化剂如水分，二氧化碳，一氧化二氮或其混合物以及氮 - 氢气氛。 添加到氮 - 氢气氛中的氧化剂在其用于烧结和烧结钢部件之前预先调节带材料的量被控制为使得气氛变得对带材料氧化，但是减少为钢部件 烧结，特别是在连续炉的高加热和冷却区域。
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公开(公告)号：US5333776A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-02
申请号：US129896
申请日：1993-09-30
CPC分类号： B23K35/383 , B23K1/00 , B23K2203/10 , B23K35/3605
摘要： Aluminum or aluminum alloys are brazed in the presence of a non-corrosive flux using a low-cost, substantially dry nitrogen atmosphere produced by a non-cryogenic air separation technique such as a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) or a selective permeation (membrane). The use of a substantially dry, non-cryogenically produced nitrogen atmosphere brazed aluminum or aluminum alloy components with consistent good brazed joint quality and appearance while utilizing low loading of the flux.
摘要翻译： 使用非低温空气分离技术（例如变压吸附（PSA））或选择性渗透（膜）产生的低成本，基本干燥的氮气氛，在存在非腐蚀性助焊剂的情况下将铝或铝合金钎焊， 。 使用基本干燥，非低温生产的氮气气氛钎焊的铝或铝合金部件，同时具有良好的钎焊接头质量和外观，同时利用焊剂的低负荷。
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公开(公告)号：US5348593A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-20
申请号：US156533
申请日：1993-11-23
申请人： Donald J. Bowe , Brian B. Bonner , Diwakar Garg
发明人： Donald J. Bowe , Brian B. Bonner , Diwakar Garg
CPC分类号： C21D1/76 , B22F3/1007 , C22F1/02 , C22F1/14 , C21D1/26
摘要： A process for generating in-situ low cost atmospheres suitable for annealing and heat treating ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, brazing metals and ceramics, sealing glass to metals, and sintering metal and ceramic powders in a continuous furnace from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing up to 5% residual oxygen is presented. The disclosed process involves mixing nitrogen gas containing residual oxygen with a pre-determined amount of a reducing gas such as hydrogen, a hydrocarbon, or a mixture thereof, feeding the gaseous mixture through a non-conventional device into the hot zone of a continuous heat treating furnace, converting residual oxygen to an acceptable form such as moisture, a mixture of moisture and carbon dioxide, or a mixture of moisture, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, and using the resultant gaseous mixture for annealing and heat treating metals and alloys, brazing metals and ceramics, sintering metal and ceramic powders, and sealing glass to metals.
摘要翻译： 用于产生适合于退火和热处理黑色金属和有色金属和合金，钎焊金属和陶瓷的原位低成本气氛的方法，将金属密封玻璃，并将金属和陶瓷粉末从非低温法生产的连续炉中烧结 提供含有高达5％残余氧的氮。 所公开的方法包括将含有残余氧的氮气与预定量的还原气体如氢气，烃或其混合物混合，将气态混合物通过非常规装置进入连续热的热区 将残余氧转化为可接受的形式，例如水分，水分和二氧化碳的混合物，或水分，氢气，一氧化碳和二氧化碳的混合物，并使用所得的气体混合物进行退火和热处理金属和合金 ，钎焊金属和陶瓷，烧结金属和陶瓷粉末，并将玻璃密封到金属。
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公开(公告)号：US5348592A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-20
申请号：US12065
申请日：1993-02-01
CPC分类号： C21D1/763 , B22F3/1007 , B23K35/383
摘要： An improved method for producing substantially moisture- and oxygen-free, nitrogen-hydrogen atmospheres suitable for annealing, hardening, brazing, and sintering ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys is disclosed. According to the disclosed method, suitable nitrogen-hydrogen atmosphere is produced by 1) generating a nitrogen stream containing about 0.1 to 5% residual oxygen by a known non-cryogenic air separation technique, 2) mixing it with a pre-determined but more than stoichiometric amount of hydrogen required to convert residual oxygen to moisture, 3) converting residual oxygen to moisture by reaction with hydrogen in a catalytic reactor, 4) cooling the reactor effluent stream, and 5) removing moisture from it in a regenerative sorbent dryer.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于生产适用于退火，硬化，钎焊和烧结黑色金属和有色金属和合金的基本上无水和无氧的氮 - 氢气氛的改进方法。 根据所公开的方法，通过以下方法产生合适的氮 - 氢气氛：1）通过已知的非低温空气分离技术产生含有约0.1至5％残余氧的氮气流，2）将其与预定的但超过 将残余氧转化为水分所需的化学计算量的氢，3）通过与催化反应器中的氢反应将残余氧转化为水分，4）冷却反应器流出物流，以及5）在再生吸附剂干燥器中除去其中的水分。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5221369A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-22
申请号：US727806
申请日：1991-07-08
申请人： Donald J. Bowe , Brian B. Bonner , Diwakar Garg
发明人： Donald J. Bowe , Brian B. Bonner , Diwakar Garg
CPC分类号： C21D1/76 , B22F3/1007 , C22F1/02 , C22F1/14 , C21D1/26
摘要： A process for generating in-situ low-cost atmospheres suitable for annealing and heat treating ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, brazing metals and ceramics, sealing glass to metals, and sintering metal and ceramic powders in a continuous furnace from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing up to 5% residual oxygen is presented. The disclosed process involves mixing nitrogen gas containing residual oxygen with a pre-determined amount of a reducing gas such as hydrogen, a hydrocarbon, or a mixture thereof, feeding the gaseous mixture through a non-conventional device into the hot zone of a continuous heat treating furnace, converting residual oxygen to an acceptable form such as moisture, a mixture of moisture and carbon dioxide, or a mixture of moisture, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, and using the resultant gaseous mixture for annealing and heat treating metals and alloys, brazing metals and ceramics, sintering metal and ceramic powders, and sealing glass to metals.
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10.发明授权Process for producing furnace atmospheres by deoxygenating non-cryogenically generated nitrogen with dissociated ammonia 失效通过用解离的氨将非低温法生成的氮脱氧生产炉气氛的方法
公开(公告)号：US5290480A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-01
申请号：US995618
申请日：1992-12-22
CPC分类号： C21D1/763 , B22F3/1007 , B23K35/383 , C01B3/047 , Y02E60/364
摘要： A process for producing low-cost furnace atmospheres suitable for annealing and heat treating ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, brazing metals and ceramics, sealing glass to metals, and sintering non-ferrous metal and ceramic powders from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing from 0.05 to 5.0% residual oxygen is presented. The disclosed process involves 1) mixing non-cryogenically produced nitrogen with a predetermined amount of dissociated ammonia, 2) passing the mixture through a low-pressure drop catalytic reactor, 3) converting the residual oxygen to an acceptable form such as moisture and reducing the residual oxygen level to below about 10 ppm, and 4) using the resultant gaseous mixture for annealing and heat treating ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, brazing metals and ceramics, sealing glass to metals, and sintering non-ferrous metal and ceramic powders. The key feature of the disclosed process involves the use of a novel low-pressure drop catalytic reactor for converting residual oxygen with dissociated ammonia to moisture.
摘要翻译： 一种生产低成本炉气氛的方法，适用于退火和热处理黑色金属和有色金属及合金，钎焊金属和陶瓷，将玻璃与金属密封，并从非低温法生产的氮中烧结有色金属和陶瓷粉末 提供0.05至5.0％的残余氧气。 所公开的方法包括1）将非低温法生产的氮与预定量的离解氨混合，2）使混合物通过低压滴催化反应器，3）将残余氧转化成可接受的形式如水分，并将 残余氧气水平低于约10ppm，以及4）使用所得气体混合物进行退火和热处理黑色金属和有色金属和合金，钎焊金属和陶瓷，将玻璃密封到金属上，并烧结有色金属和陶瓷粉末 。 所公开方法的主要特征是使用一种新型的低压滴催化反应器将残留的氧气与解离的氨转化成水分。
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