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公开(公告)号：US5333776A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-02
申请号：US129896
申请日：1993-09-30
CPC分类号： B23K35/383 , B23K1/00 , B23K2203/10 , B23K35/3605
摘要： Aluminum or aluminum alloys are brazed in the presence of a non-corrosive flux using a low-cost, substantially dry nitrogen atmosphere produced by a non-cryogenic air separation technique such as a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) or a selective permeation (membrane). The use of a substantially dry, non-cryogenically produced nitrogen atmosphere brazed aluminum or aluminum alloy components with consistent good brazed joint quality and appearance while utilizing low loading of the flux.
摘要翻译： 使用非低温空气分离技术（例如变压吸附（PSA））或选择性渗透（膜）产生的低成本，基本干燥的氮气氛，在存在非腐蚀性助焊剂的情况下将铝或铝合金钎焊， 。 使用基本干燥，非低温生产的氮气气氛钎焊的铝或铝合金部件，同时具有良好的钎焊接头质量和外观，同时利用焊剂的低负荷。
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公开(公告)号：US5298090A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-29
申请号：US995617
申请日：1992-12-22
摘要： A process for producing low-cost atmospheres suitable for annealing, brazing, and sintering non-ferrous metals and alloys from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing up to 5%, residual oxygen is disclosed. According to the process, suitable atmospheres are produced by 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen stream containing residual oxygen to a desired temperature, 2) mixing it with more than a stoichiometric amount a hydrocarbon gas, 3) passing it through a reactor packed with a platinum group of metal catalyst to reduce the residual oxygen to very low levels and convert it to a mixture of moisture and carbon dioxide, and 4) using the reactor effluent stream for annealing, brazing, and sintering non-ferrous metals and alloys in a furnace. The key features of the disclosed process include 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing residual oxygen to a certain minimum temperature, 2) adding more than a stoichiometric amount of a hydrocarbon gas to the pre-heated nitrogen stream, and 3) using a platinum group of metal catalyst to initiate and sustain the reaction between oxygen and the hydrocarbon gas.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于生产低成本气氛的方法，该方法适用于从含低至5％残留氧的非低温法生产的氮中退火，钎焊和烧结有色金属和合金。 根据该方法，通过以下方式产生合适的气氛：1）将含有残余氧气的非低温生成氮气流预热至所需温度，2）将其与多于化学计量的烃气体混合，3）将其通过 反应器用铂族金属催化剂填充，将残余氧气降低至非常低的水平，并将其转化为水分和二氧化碳的混合物，以及4）使用反应器流出物流进行退火，钎焊和烧结有色金属， 合金在炉中。 所公开的方法的主要特征包括：1）将非低温法生产的含氮残留氧预加热到一定的最低温度; 2）向预热的氮气流中加入多于化学计量的烃类气体; 3） ）使用铂族金属催化剂引发和维持氧气和烃气体之间的反应。
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公开(公告)号：US5531372A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-02
申请号：US298004
申请日：1994-08-30
申请人： Brian B. Bonner , Diwakar Garg , Kerry R. Berger
发明人： Brian B. Bonner , Diwakar Garg , Kerry R. Berger
CPC分类号： B23K35/383 , B23K1/008 , B23K1/00
摘要： The present invention discloses a novel, moisture-free atmosphere for brazing carbon steels that provides good braze flow and brazed joint quality with minimum or no formation of soot on brazed joints. According to the present invention, carbon steels are brazed in continuous furnaces using a moisture-free atmosphere containing a mixture of three gases including nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide. The key features of the invention involve (1) formation of moisture, which is needed to facilitate braze flow and to minimize formation of soot on brazed joints, in-situ in the heating zone of the furnace by the reaction between hydrogen and carbon dioxide and (2) reduction in the overall amount of a reducing gas required for brazing carbon steels by keeping moisture out of the cooling zone. The use of a moisture-free three gas atmosphere has been unexpectedly found to (1) eliminate the need of an expensive and difficult to control external humidification system, (2) provide flexibility in adjusting moisture content of the atmosphere in the heating zone of the furnace simply by adjusting the flow rate of hydrogen or carbon dioxide or both, and (3) facilitate rapid conditioning of the furnace by keeping moisture out of the cooling zone. The moisture-free atmosphere has also been unexpectedly found to provide good braze flow, fillet formation, and brazed joint quality while minimizing or eliminating formation of soot on brazed joints.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种用于钎焊碳钢的新型无水气氛，其在钎焊接头上具有最少或不形成烟灰的情况下提供良好的钎焊流动和钎焊接头质量。 根据本发明，使用含有三种气体（包括氮气，氢气和二氧化碳）的混合物的无湿气氛将碳钢钎焊在连续炉中。 本发明的主要特征包括（1）通过氢气和二氧化碳之间的反应在炉的加热区中原位形成水分，其是促进钎焊流动并且最小化钎焊接头上的烟灰形成所需要的;以及 （2）通过将水分从冷却区域中除去而使碳钢钎焊所需的还原气体总量减少。 已经意外地发现使用无湿气的三种气体气氛（1）消除了昂贵且难以控制的外部加湿系统的需要，（2）提供调节加热区中的气氛中的含水量的灵活性 炉子简单地通过调节氢气或二氧化碳或两者的流量，和（3）通过将水分从冷却区域中除去来促进炉子的快速调节。 也意外地发现无湿度的气氛提供良好的钎焊流动，圆角形成和钎焊接头质量，同时最小化或消除钎焊接头上的烟灰形成。
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4.发明授权Vortex dispersing nozzle for liquefied cryogenic inert gases used in blanketing of molten metals exposed to ambient air and method 失效用于在暴露于环境空气中的熔融金属覆盖中使用的液化低温惰性气体的涡流分散喷嘴和方法
公开(公告)号：US5344478A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-06
申请号：US100866
申请日：1993-08-02
IPC分类号： F17C7/04 , B22D1/00 , B22D7/10 , B22D7/12 , B22D23/00 , B22D27/00 , B22D41/00 , C22B9/00 , F27D3/14
CPC分类号： C22B9/006 , B22D27/003
摘要： Method and apparatus for dispersing cryogenic inert gases over the surface of a bath of molten metal by separating vaporized cryogenic gas from the liquid phase of the gas and introducing the liquid phase and the gaseous phase onto the surface of the molten metal in a swirling pattern. Additional inert gas can be introduced into the middle of the liquid phase.
摘要翻译： 通过从气相的液相中分离蒸发的低温气体并将液相和气相以旋转图案引入到熔融金属的表面上，将低温惰性气体分散在熔融金属浴表面上的方法和装置。 另外的惰性气体可以引入液相的中间。
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公开(公告)号：US5294462A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-15
申请号：US974034
申请日：1992-11-12
CPC分类号： C23C4/131
摘要： A method is disclosed for the electric arc spraying of powder-filled cored wires to apply hard, wear-resistant coatings to various substrates. Inert gas, preferably nitrogen, is supplied to the arc spray gun such that the mass ratio of the wire feed rate to the gas feed rate is preferably between about 0.07 and about 0.11. Operation in this range yields an optimum combination of coating hardness properties and arc spray gun operating characteristics.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于电弧喷涂粉末填充的芯线以将硬的耐磨涂层施加到各种基底的方法。 将惰性气体（优选氮气）供应到电弧喷枪，使得焊丝进给速率与气体进料速率的质量比优选在约0.07至约0.11之间。 在该范围内的操作产生涂层硬度性能和电弧喷枪操作特性的最佳组合。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5213848A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-25
申请号：US727511
申请日：1991-07-09
摘要： Surfaces subject to wear and corrosion can have their service life increased by being coated with a composite coating applied by the electric arc thermal spray process using at least one titanium feed wire, optionally pre-nitrided, a second wire of a different metal, metal alloy ceramic or intermetalic compound and nitrogen in the arc spray gun.
摘要翻译： 经受磨损和腐蚀的表面可以通过涂覆通过电弧热喷涂方法施加的复合涂层而使其使用寿命增加，所述复合涂层使用至少一种钛进料丝，任选预先氮化，不同金属，金属合金 陶瓷或金属间化合物和氮气在电弧喷枪中。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4632707A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-30
申请号：US721335
申请日：1985-04-09
CPC分类号： C21D1/76
摘要： A process for heating steel under atmosphere for annealing or hardening wherein the atmosphere is generated by injecting a mixture of dimethyl ether and nitrogen into the furnace.
摘要翻译： 在大气中加热钢用于退火或硬化的方法，其中通过将二甲醚和氮气的混合物注入炉中产生气氛。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4450017A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-22
申请号：US435834
申请日：1982-10-21
CPC分类号： C21D3/04
摘要： A process for decarburizing ferrous metals and in particular electrical steels such as motor and transformer laminations wherein metal articles are treated at temperature under a furnace atmosphere generated by injecting N.sub.2 --CO.sub.2 --H.sub.2 mixtures or N.sub.2 -methanol-CO.sub.2 mixtures into the furnace.
摘要翻译： 一种用于脱碳黑色金属，特别是诸如电动机和变压器叠片的电工钢的方法，其中金属制品在通过将N 2 -CO 2 H 2混合物或N 2 - 甲醇 - CO 2混合物注入炉中产生的炉气氛下的温度下进行处理。
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9.发明授权Atmospheres for extending life of wire mesh belts used in sintering powder metal components 失效用于延长烧结粉末金属部件的丝网带寿命的大气
公开(公告)号：US5613185A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-18
申请号：US456594
申请日：1995-06-01
CPC分类号： F27D3/12 , B22F3/1007 , C21D1/76 , F27D1/1678 , F27D2003/121
摘要： The present invention discloses novel nitrogen-hydrogen based atmospheres for sintering steel components in continuous furnaces with consistent quality and properties while prolonging the life of the wire mesh belts, reducing maintenance costs, and improving furnace productivity. Specifically, it discloses the use of a controlled amount of an oxidizing agent such as moisture, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, or mixtures thereof along with nitrogen-hydrogen atmospheres. The amount of an oxidizing agent added to the nitrogen-hydrogen atmospheres to pre-condition belt material prior to its use for sintering and to sinter steel components is controlled in such a way that atmospheres become oxidizing to the belt material but reducing to steel components being sintered, specifically in the high heating and cooling zones of continuous furnaces.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种用于在连续炉中烧结钢组分的新型氮 - 氢基气氛，具有一致的质量和性能，同时延长了丝网带的寿命，降低了维护成本，并提高了炉的生产率。 具体地说，它公开了使用受控量的氧化剂如水分，二氧化碳，一氧化二氮或其混合物以及氮 - 氢气氛。 添加到氮 - 氢气氛中的氧化剂在其用于烧结和烧结钢部件之前预先调节带材料的量被控制为使得气氛变得对带材料氧化，但是减少为钢部件 烧结，特别是在连续炉的高加热和冷却区域。
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公开(公告)号：US5417774A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-23
申请号：US995624
申请日：1992-12-22
CPC分类号： B22F3/1007 , C21D1/763 , B23K35/38
摘要： A process for producing low-cost atmospheres suitable for annealing, brazing, and sintering ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, neutral hardening low, medium, and high carbon steels, sintering ceramic powders, and sealing glass to metal from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing up to 5% residual oxygen is disclosed. According to the process, suitable atmospheres are produced by 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen stream containing residual oxygen to a desired temperature, 2) mixing it with more than a stoichiometric amount a hydrocarbon gas, 3) passing it through a reactor packed with a platinum group of metal catalyst to reduce the residual oxygen to very low levels and convert it to a mixture of moisture and carbon dioxide, and 4) introducing the reactor effluent stream into the heating zone of a furnace and converting in-situ a portion of both moisture and carbon dioxide with a hydrocarbon gas to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The key features of the disclosed process include 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing residual oxygen to a certain minimum temperature, 2) adding more than a stoichiometric amount of a hydrocarbon gas to the pre-heated nitrogen stream, 3) using a platinum group of metal catalyst to initiate and sustain the reaction between oxygen and the hydrocarbon gas, and 4) converting in-situ a portion of both moisture and carbon dioxide with a hydrocarbon gas to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the heating zone of a furnace.
摘要翻译： 一种生产低成本气氛的方法，适用于退火，钎焊和烧结黑色和有色金属和合金，中性硬化低，中，高碳钢，烧结陶瓷粉末，以及将玻璃与非低温生产密封在一起 公开了含有高达5％残余氧的氮。 根据该方法，通过以下方式产生合适的气氛：1）将含有残余氧气的非低温生成氮气流预热至所需温度，2）将其与多于化学计量的烃气体混合，3）将其通过 用铂族金属催化剂填充的反应器将残余氧气减少至非常低的水平，并将其转化为水分和二氧化碳的混合物，以及4）将反应器流出物流引入炉的加热区并原位转化 一部分水分和二氧化碳与烃气体混合到一氧化碳和氢气中。 所公开的方法的主要特征包括：1）将非低温法生产的含氮残留氧预加热到一定的最低温度; 2）向预热的氮气流中加入多于化学计量的烃气体; 3） 使用铂族金属催化剂引发和维持氧气和烃类气体之间的反应，以及4）在加热中将一部分水分和二氧化碳与烃气体原位转化为一氧化碳和氢气的混合物 炉区。
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