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公开(公告)号：US4679568A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-14
申请号：US777773
申请日：1985-09-19
申请人： David A. Blau , William R. Fish
发明人： David A. Blau , William R. Fish
IPC分类号： A61B5/0428 , H03F3/08 , A61B5/04
CPC分类号： A61B5/04282 , H03F3/08 , Y10S128/908
摘要： Disclosed is a preamplifier which is responsive to a physiological potential developed by a subject and operative to develop a potential suitably isolated therefrom, the preamplifier including a pair of input networks for receiving therebetween the physiological potential, a pair of operational amplifiers each connected in a unity (voltage) gain, voltage follower, configuration and each driven by a respective one of the input networks, a low resistance resistor connected between the voltage followers to directly develop from the potential a current of suitable level for directly driving an optical isolator, and an optical isolator having an input portion which is connected in the feedback path of one of the operational amplifiers so as to be driven by the current and an output portion at which the optical isolator develops the isolated potential.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种前置放大器，其响应于由受试者开发的生理电位并且可操作地开发与其适当隔离的电位，所述前置放大器包括用于在其间接收生理电位的一对输入网络，一对以单位连接的运算放大器 （电压）增益，电压跟随器，配置，并且各自由相应的一个输入网络驱动，连接在电压跟随器之间的低电阻电阻器从电位直接发展用于直接驱动光隔离器的合适电平的电流，以及 光隔离器具有输入部分，该输入部分连接在一个运算放大器的反馈路径中，以便由电流驱动，以及输出部分，在该输出部分，光隔离器产生隔离电位。
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2.发明授权Device and method for providing power to lighting elements for use as a visual indicator in a medical probe 有权为照明元件提供电力的装置和方法，用作医疗探针中的视觉指示器公开(公告)号：US08241343B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-14
申请号：US12267403
申请日：2008-11-07
IPC分类号： A61N5/06
CPC分类号： A61B18/1482 , A61B18/1815 , A61B2017/003 , A61B2018/00982
摘要： A lighting device for use as a visual indicator in a medical probe is provided. The lighting device includes one or more light emitting elements that are used as a visual status indicator for the medical probe, and a driver circuit that receives current from a power source and drives the light emitting elements. The driver circuit includes a current sensor to sense a current flowing through the light emitting elements, and a shut off switch. The shut off switch shuts off the power source current from the light emitting elements based on the sensed current from the current sensor.
摘要翻译： 提供了用作医疗探针中的视觉指示器的照明装置。 照明装置包括用作医疗探针的视觉状态指示器的一个或多个发光元件，以及从电源接收电流并驱动发光元件的驱动电路。 驱动器电路包括用于感测流过发光元件的电流的电流传感器和切断开关。 关闭开关基于来自电流传感器的感测电流来切断来自发光元件的电源电流。
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公开(公告)号：US07862476B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-04
申请号：US11644777
申请日：2006-12-22
申请人： David A. Blau , Scott B. Radow
发明人： David A. Blau , Scott B. Radow
IPC分类号： A63B71/00
CPC分类号： A63B22/0605 , A63B21/0051 , A63B21/0053 , A63B21/0054 , A63B21/0058 , A63B21/012 , A63B22/0076 , A63B24/00 , A63B24/0087 , A63B69/10 , A63B2022/0652 , A63B2024/009 , A63B2024/0093 , A63B2220/30 , A63B2220/51 , A63B2220/54 , A63B2220/58 , A63F2300/1037 , A63F2300/1062 , A63F2300/8005
摘要： A control system and method for exercise equipment and the like provides a way to simulate a physical activity in a manner that takes into account the physics of the physical activity being simulated to provide an accurate simulation. According to one aspect of the present invention, the control system and method takes into account the physics of the corresponding physical activity to generate a virtual or predicted value of a variable such as velocity, acceleration, force, or the like. The difference between the virtual or expected physical variable and a measured variable is used as a control input to control resistance forces of the exercise equipment in a way that causes the user to experience forces that are the same or similar to the forces that would be encountered if the user were actually performing the physical activity being simulated rather than using the exercise equipment.
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公开(公告)号：US5323008A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-21
申请号：US855238
申请日：1992-03-23
申请人： Robert M. Studholme , David A. Blau
发明人： Robert M. Studholme , David A. Blau
IPC分类号： G01N21/64
CPC分类号： G01N21/6408 , G01N2021/6463 , G01N21/6456
摘要： An improved fluorescence detection system is provided which utilizes a relatively high powered, relatively high repetition rate light source with high speed detection electronics to increase system sensitivity and accuracy. In the preferred embodiments, a laser diode is the light source. In one embodiment, the position of a time window is varied to compile a decay profile of a fluorophore. In another embodiment, the time to detection of a photon is used to compile the decay profile. In one aspect of this invention, a histogram of the fluorescence decay is generated by determining a preliminary histogram of the shape and multiplying it by the ratio of the total number of events divided by the number of events comprising the preliminary histogram. In another aspect of this invention, the time of detection after excitation of the photon is started from a random time, such as after a preceding event is detected and the data stored.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种改进的荧光检测系统，其利用具有高速检测电子装置的相对高功率，相对较高的重复率光源来提高系统灵敏度和精度。 在优选实施例中，激光二极管是光源。 在一个实施例中，改变时间窗的位置以编制荧光团的衰减曲线。 在另一个实施例中，用于检测光子的时间用于编译衰减曲线。 在本发明的一个方面，通过确定形状的初步直方图并将其乘以总事件数除以包括初步直方图的事件数的比率来生成荧光衰减的直方图。 在本发明的另一方面，光子激发后的检测时间是从随机时间开始的，例如在检测到先前事件并存储数据之后。
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公开(公告)号：US20090011907A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-08
申请号：US12147694
申请日：2008-06-27
申请人： Scott B. Radow , David A. Blau
发明人： Scott B. Radow , David A. Blau
IPC分类号： A63B22/06
CPC分类号： A63B22/0605 , A63B21/00181 , A63B21/0051 , A63B21/0053 , A63B21/0058 , A63B21/015 , A63B21/225 , A63B22/02 , A63B22/04 , A63B24/0084 , A63B24/0087 , A63B69/0057 , A63B71/0622 , A63B2022/0658 , A63B2024/009 , A63B2024/0093 , A63B2024/0096 , A63B2071/0638 , A63B2071/0644 , A63B2220/17 , A63B2220/30 , A63B2220/34 , A63B2220/40 , A63B2220/51 , A63B2225/107 , A63B2225/20 , B62M3/00 , H02K49/046
摘要： A control system and method for exercise equipment and the like provides a way to simulate a physical activity in a manner that takes into account the physics of the physical activity being simulated to provide an accurate simulation. According to one aspect of the present invention, the control system and method takes into account the physics of the corresponding physical activity to generate a virtual or predicted value of a variable such as velocity, acceleration, force, or the like. The difference between the virtual or expected physical variable and a measured variable is used as a control input to control resistance forces of the exercise equipment in a way that causes the user to experience forces that are the same or similar to the forces that would be encountered if the user were actually performing the physical activity being simulated rather than using the exercise equipment.
摘要翻译： 用于锻炼设备等的控制系统和方法提供了以考虑被模拟的身体活动的物理学以提供精确模拟的方式来模拟身体活动的方式。 根据本发明的一个方面，控制系统和方法考虑到相应的物理活动的物理学，以产生诸如速度，加速度，力等的变量的虚拟或预测值。 虚拟或预期物理变量与测量变量之间的差异被用作控制输入以控制运动设备的阻力，使得用户经历与所遇到的力相同或相似的力 如果用户实际上正在进行正在模拟的身体活动，而不是使用运动器材。
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6.发明授权Apparatus and method for limiting leakage to ground current while optimizing output of a power supply adaptable for use with a motion sensor switch 有权同时优化能够与运动传感器开关一起使用的电源的输出，来限制泄漏到接地电流的装置和方法公开(公告)号：US06472853B2
公开(公告)日：2002-10-29
申请号：US09922771
申请日：2001-08-07
IPC分类号： G05F140
CPC分类号： G05F1/46
摘要： A method and apparatus for regulating a DC power supply, adaptable for use with a motion sensor switch, by limiting the leakage to ground current of the power supply to comply with U.L. Standards while also enabling the DC power supply to provide a stable DC output voltage which is essentially unaffected by changes in magnitude of the AC supply voltage or changes in ambient temperature. The method and apparatus employs first and second transistors, in which the base and collector of the first transistor and the base and collector of the second transistor are coupled to receive a voltage based on the AC supply voltage, and the emitter of both the first and second transistors are coupled to drive an output circuit of the DC power supply. The emitter of the second transistor is also coupled via a first resistor to the base of the first transistor, and the collector of the second transistor is also coupled via a second resistor to the base of the first transistor. The magnitudes of the first and second resistors are determined such that the leakage to ground current remains substantially constant over a range of magnitudes of the AC supply voltage, and the emitters of the first and second transistors drive the output circuit to provide at a plurality of output terminals a plurality of stable DC output voltages having respective magnitudes which are essentially unaffected by changes in the magnitude of the AC supply voltage. A zener diode can be coupled between the emitters of the first and second transistors to cause the magnitudes of the stable DC output voltages to be essentially unaffected by changes in temperature.
摘要翻译： 一种用于调节适用于运动传感器开关的DC电源的方法和装置，通过将电源的漏电流限制为符合U.L. 标准同时使直流电源能够提供稳定的直流输出电压，其基本上不受交流电源电压幅度变化或环境温度变化的影响。 该方法和装置采用第一和第二晶体管，其中第一晶体管的基极和集电极以及第二晶体管的基极和集电极被耦合以接收基于AC电源电压的电压，以及第一和第二晶体管的发射极 第二晶体管被耦合以驱动直流电源的输出电路。 第二晶体管的发射极还经由第一电阻器耦合到第一晶体管的基极，并且第二晶体管的集电极也经由第二电阻器耦合到第一晶体管的基极。 确定第一和第二电阻器的大小，使得在交流电源电压的大小范围内对接地电流的泄漏保持基本上恒定，并且第一和第二晶体管的发射极驱动输出电路以提供多个 输出端子具有多个稳定的DC输出电压，其具有基本上不受AC电源电压幅度的变化影响的相应幅度。 齐纳二极管可以耦合在第一和第二晶体管的发射极之间，以使稳定的直流输出电压的幅度基本上不受温度变化的影响。
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公开(公告)号：US5821642A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-13
申请号：US742412
申请日：1996-11-04
CPC分类号： H01H9/56 , H01H2009/566 , Y10T307/839 , Y10T307/858 , Y10T307/951
摘要： A device for controlling a switching relay to deliver power to a load. The switching relay selectively couples a hot leg of a utility power supply to the load. The load is coupled to a neutral wire of the utility power supply. The device includes a sensor for detecting whether an area is occupied. If the sensor indicates that the area is occupied and the load is powered off, the device monitors the line voltage for a zero crossing. Upon detecting a zero crossing, an amount of time to a subsequent zero crossing is measured and stored. Then, the device waits the amount of time between zero crossings, less a delay time for closing the contacts of the relay, and initiates a closing of the contacts of the relay. Similarly, when the sensor detects that the area has not been occupied for a predetermined amount of time and the load is powered on, the line voltage is monitored for a zero crossing and a time to a subsequent zero crossing is measured and stored. Then, the device waits the amount of time between zero crossings, less a delay time for opening the contacts of the relay, and initiates an opening of the contacts of the relay. Accordingly, when the relay contacts actually close or open, the line voltage is at the ground level. Therefore, even if the load has a high in-rush current or high kick-back power, the relay contacts are not likely to be damaged.
摘要翻译： 一种用于控制开关继电器以向负载供电的装置。 开关继电器将公用电源的热腿选择性地耦合到负载。 负载耦合到公用电源的中性线。 该装置包括用于检测区域是否被占用的传感器。 如果传感器指示该区域被占用并且负载断电，则该设备监视过零点的线路电压。 在检测到过零点时，测量并存储到后续过零点的时间量。 然后，设备等待零交叉之间的时间量，减少关闭继电器的触点的延迟时间，并且启动继电器的触点的闭合。 类似地，当传感器检测到该区域未被占用预定的时间量并且负载被接通时，监测线路电压是否为过零点，并且测量并存储到后续过零点的时间。 然后，该装置等待零交叉之间的时间量，减少用于打开继电器的触点的延迟时间，并且启动继电器的触点的打开。 因此，当继电器触点实际关闭或断开时，线路电压处于地电位。 因此，即使负载具有高冲击电流或高反冲电源，继电器触点也不可能被损坏。
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公开(公告)号：US4656358A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-07
申请号：US711122
申请日：1985-03-12
IPC分类号： G01B11/00 , G01B11/02 , G01B11/24 , G01B11/245 , G01N21/88 , G01N21/93 , G01N21/956 , G03F9/00 , H01L21/30 , H01L21/66 , G01N21/55 , G01B11/04
CPC分类号： G01B11/02
摘要： An optical system and associated electronic processing for measuring 0.5-micron and larger dimensions on sample wafers by transversely moving the sample under a stationary microspot provided by a tightly-focused ultraviolet ("UV") laser beam and detecting the interaction of the laser microspot with the sample. The optical system includes a high numerical aperture objective close to the sample surface, a first UV optical train, a second UV optical train, and a UV detector. The first train transports the laser beam to the objective for focusing at the sample surface. The second train communicates UV light emanating from the surface and passing through the objective to the UV detector. The second optical train preferably includes a pinhole which provides added spatial resolution, both laterally and vertically. Light emanating from scattering centers laterally away from the spot or from deeper layers within the wafer focus at different points and are blocked by the edges of the pinhole.
摘要翻译： 光学系统和相关的电子处理，用于通过在紧密聚焦的紫外线（“UV”）激光束提供的固定微点下横向移动样品，并且检测激光微点与激光微球的相互作用，从而在样品晶片上测量0.5微米和更大的尺寸 例子。 光学系统包括靠近样品表面的高数值孔径物镜，第一UV光学列车，第二UV光学列车和UV检测器。 第一列将激光束传送到用于聚焦在样品表面处的物镜。 第二列车将从表面发出的UV光传递到UV检测器。 第二光学系列优选地包括提供横向和垂直方向的附加空间分辨率的针孔。 从散射中心散射的光从晶片侧向远离晶片或在晶片内的较深层聚焦在不同点处，并被针孔的边缘阻挡。
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公开(公告)号：US08372064B2
公开(公告)日：2013-02-12
申请号：US12267307
申请日：2008-11-07
IPC分类号： A61B18/18
CPC分类号： A61B18/1482 , A61B18/1815 , A61B2017/003 , A61B2018/00982
摘要： A device for delivering therapeutic energy to tissue is provided. The device includes a proximal segment and a distal segment having one or more electrodes for delivering the therapeutic energy to the tissue. An articulating segment connects the proximal segment and the distal segment such that the distal segment is articulatable with respect to a longitudinal axis of the proximal segment. In one aspect of the invention, the articulating segment includes a living hinge. In another aspect of the invention, at least one electrically conductive articulating cable runs along the articulating segment, wherein the articulating cable is used both to articulate the distal segment and to deliver the therapeutic energy to the one or more electrodes.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于向组织递送治疗能量的装置。 该装置包括近端段和具有用于将治疗能量递送至组织的一个或多个电极的远段。 铰接段连接近端段和远端段，使得远端段相对于近端段的纵向轴线可铰接。 在本发明的一个方面，铰接部分包括活动铰链。 在本发明的另一方面，至少一个导电关节运动缆索沿着关节节段延伸，其中，所述关节运动缆索既用于铰接远侧段，并将治疗能量递送到一个或多个电极。
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公开(公告)号：US20090125019A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-14
申请号：US12267307
申请日：2008-11-07
IPC分类号： A61B18/14
CPC分类号： A61B18/1482 , A61B18/1815 , A61B2017/003 , A61B2018/00982
摘要： A device for delivering therapeutic energy to tissue is provided. The device includes a proximal segment and a distal segment having one or more electrodes for delivering the therapeutic energy to the tissue. An articulating segment connects the proximal segment and the distal segment such that the distal segment is articulatable with respect to a longitudinal axis of the proximal segment. In one aspect of the invention, the articulating segment includes a living hinge. In another aspect of the invention, at least one electrically conductive articulating cable runs along the articulating segment, wherein the articulating cable is used both to articulate the distal segment and to deliver the therapeutic energy to the one or more electrodes.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于向组织递送治疗能量的装置。 该装置包括近端段和具有用于将治疗能量递送至组织的一个或多个电极的远段。 铰接段连接近端段和远端段，使得远端段相对于近端段的纵向轴线可铰接。 在本发明的一个方面，铰接部分包括活动铰链。 在本发明的另一方面，至少一个导电关节运动缆索沿着关节节段延伸，其中，所述关节运动缆索既用于铰接远侧段，并将治疗能量递送到一个或多个电极。
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