Abstract:
A method of manufacturing a glass article includes application of an etch cream to an edge surface of the article. Application of the etch cream can reduce a density of particles on the edge surface to less than about 200 per 0.1 square millimeter. The etch cream can, for example, contain hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid and a thickener.
Abstract:
A positive electrode for an energy storage device includes a first activated carbon material comprising pores having a size of ≦1 nm, which provide a combined pore volume of >0.3 cm3/g, pores having a size of >1 nm to ≦2 nm, which provide a combined pore volume of ≧0.05 cm3/g, and 2 nm. A negative electrode for the energy storage device includes a second activated carbon material comprising pores having a size of ≦1 nm, which provide a combined pore volume of ≦0.3 cm3/g, pores having a size of >1 nm to ≦2 nm, which provide a combined pore volume of ≧0.05 cm3/g, and 2 nm. The total oxygen content in at least the first activated carbon material is at most 1.5 wt. %.
Abstract:
Nanoporous activated carbon material having a high specific capacitance in EDLCs and controlled oxygen content, and methods for making such activated carbon material. Reduction of oxygen content is achieved by (a) curing a carbon precursor/additive mixture in an inert or reducing environment, and/or (b) refining (heating) activated carbon material after synthesis in an inert or reducing environment. The inert or reducing environment used for curing or refining is preferably substantially free of oxygen.
Abstract:
A method of manufacturing a glass article includes application of an etch solution to an edge surface of the article. Application of the etch solution can reduce a density of particles on the edge surface to less than about 200 per 0.1 square millimeter. The etch solution can, for example, contain hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid.
Abstract:
An activated carbon composition having a relatively high transition metal content and a low covalent oxygen as defined herein. Also disclosed is a method of making and using the disclosed activated carbon composition, and an EDLC article incorporating the activated carbon composition.
Abstract:
A cathode in a lithium ion capacitor, including: a carbon composition comprising: an activated carbon; a conductive carbon; and a binder in in amounts as defined herein; and a current collector that supports the carbon composition, wherein the activated carbon has: a surface area of from 500 to 3000 m2/g; a pore volume where from 50 to 80% of the void volume is in pores less than 10 Å; a pore volume higher than 0.3 cm3/gm occupied by the micropores less than 10 Å; and a microporosity of greater than 60% of the total pore volume. Also disclosed is a method of making the cathode and using the cathode in a lithium ion capacitor.
Abstract:
An electrode in an energy storage device, including: an activated carbon, including: a surface area of from 1000 to 1700 m2/g; a pore volume from 0.3 to 0.6 cc/g; a chemically bonded oxygen content of 0.01 to 1.5 wt %; and a pH of from 7.5 to 10. Also disclosed is a method of making the activated carbon, the electrode, and the energy storage device.
Abstract:
A method for producing an amorphous activated carbon material includes heating a carbon precursor to a temperature effective to form a partially-dense amorphous carbon, and activating the partially-dense amorphous carbon to produce an amorphous activated carbon. To facilitate efficient activation of the amorphous carbon, the carbonization is controlled to produce an amorphous carbon material that, prior to activation, has a density of from 85% to 99% of a maximum density for the amorphous carbon.
Abstract:
A method of making a porous structure configured for use in a particulate filter includes bonding a plurality of glass bubbles to one another, and breaching the plurality of glass bubbles. Voids within individual breached glass bubbles open into one another to form cavities that extend through the porous structure.
Abstract:
A method of making activated carbon including: compressing a mixture of carbonaceous source material and an alkali source material into a first solid form; and activating the first solid form to a form an activated carbon having a second solid form.