公开(公告)号：US06515599B1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-04

申请号：US09533109

申请日：2000-03-22

Applicant: Arild Kolsrud ,  Christopher F. Zappala

Inventor： Arild Kolsrud ,  Christopher F. Zappala

IPC: H03M106

CPC classification number: H03M1/185

Abstract: The high-power selective signal attenuator includes an attenuator attenuating analog main signals, and a first analog-to-digital converter converting output of the attenuator to digital. A digital-to-analog converter reconverts the digital output of the first ADC to analog, and a cancellor receives the main signals and the analog output from the DAC. The cancellor cancels the analog output of the DAC from the main signals to substantially eliminate high-power signals. A second ADC receives the output of the cancellor and generates a digital output. Based on the digital output, control circuitry dynamically controls the attenuation of the attenuator to prevent saturation of the second ADC and to improve information throughput.

Abstract translation: 高功率选择信号衰减器包括衰减模拟主信号的衰减器和将衰减器的输出转换为数字的第一模数转换器。 数模转换器将第一个ADC的数字输出转换为模拟信号，一个消除器从DAC接收主要信号和模拟输出。 取消器从主信号取消DAC的模拟输出，以基本上消除大功率信号。 第二个ADC接收消除器的输出并产生数字输出。 基于数字输出，控制电路动态地控制衰减器的衰减，以防止第二ADC饱和并提高信息吞吐量。

公开(公告)号：US06678512B1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-13

申请号：US09548995

申请日：2000-04-14

Applicant: Walter Joseph Kaminski ,  Arild Kolsrud

Inventor： Walter Joseph Kaminski ,  Arild Kolsrud

IPC: H04B116

CPC classification number: H04B1/406 ,  H04B1/28

Abstract: A receiver receives analog signals at radio frequency (RF), and the RF analog signals are converted into the digital domain. As such, the receiver does not require frequency conversion stage(s) prior to analog to digital conversion. For example, the receiver can comprise at least one antenna(s) which receives radio frequency (RF) analog signals at different frequency bands. The analog RF signals are provided to a single analog to digital (A/D) converter, and the A/D converter converts the analog RF signals at the different frequency bands into digital signals within the Nyquist bandwidth. By properly selecting the sampling rate of the A/D converter for the RF analog signals, the A/D converter can produce replicas of the different frequency bands of the analog signals in non-overlapping portions of the Nyquist bandwidth.

Abstract translation: 接收机以射频（RF）接收模拟信号，并将RF模拟信号转换成数字域。 因此，接收机在模数转换之前不需要频率转换阶段。 例如，接收机可以包括在不同频带接收射频（RF）模拟信号的至少一个天线。 模拟RF信号被提供给单个模数（A / D）转换器，并且A / D转换器将不同频带处的模拟RF信号转换成奈奎斯特带宽内的数字信号。 通过适当地选择用于RF模拟信号的A / D转换器的采样率，A / D转换器可以在奈奎斯特带宽的非重叠部分产生模拟信号的不同频带的副本。

公开(公告)号：US06542101B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-01

申请号：US09616158

申请日：2000-07-14

Applicant: Arild Kolsrud

Inventor： Arild Kolsrud

IPC: H03M106

CPC classification number: H03M1/18

Abstract: An analog to digital conversion (A/D) system produces a corrected output of an analog to digital (A/D) converter using at least one past signal sample. For example, the A/D system estimates a reference value or point, such as a reference amplitude, for the at least one past sample. In response to an indication that the A/D converter is saturated, the A/D system uses the reference value to predict a next reference value, such as a next amplitude value, from which a corrected digital sample value is produced to replace the saturating sample.

Abstract translation: 模数转换（A / D）系统使用至少一个过去的信号样本产生模数（A / D）转换器的校正输出。 例如，A / D系统估计至少一个过去样本的参考值或点，例如参考幅度。 响应于A / D转换器饱和的指示，A / D系统使用参考值来预测下一个参考值，例如下一个幅度值，从其产生校正的数字采样值以代替饱和度 样品。

公开(公告)号：US06377196B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-23

申请号：US09616759

申请日：2000-07-14

Applicant: Arild Kolsrud ,  Carmine James Pagano, II

Inventor： Arild Kolsrud ,  Carmine James Pagano, II

IPC: H03M106

CPC classification number: H03M1/187

Abstract: An analog-to-digital (A/D) converter system which converts an attenuated analog input signal into a digital value and shifts the position of the digital value within the digital output depending on the attenuation of the analog input signal. For example, in response to an analog input signal which saturates a first A/D converter, a second A/D converter receives and converts an attenuated analog input signal, and the output of the second A/D converter is used to produce the more significant bits of the digital output value to convert a higher amplitude range (power or voltage level range) for the analog input signal. In another example, a level detector can detect the amplitude of the analog input signal and provide an indication of the amplitude of the analog input signal. In response, the analog input signal is attenuated and provided to an A/D converter. The A/D converter converts the attenuated analog input signal and produces a digital value as the bits of the digital output where the position of the digital value within the digital output depends on the attenuation of the analog input signal.

Abstract translation: 一种模拟数字（A / D）转换器系统，其将衰减的模拟输入信号转换为数字值，并根据模拟输入信号的衰减将数字输出中的数字值的位置移位。 例如，响应于使第一A / D转换器饱和的模拟输入信号，第二A / D转换器接收并转换衰减的模拟输入信号，并且使用第二A / D转换器的输出产生更多 数字输出值的有效位转换为模拟输入信号的较高幅度范围（功率或电压电平范围）。 在另一示例中，电平检测器可以检测模拟输入信号的幅度并且提供模拟输入信号的幅度的指示。 作为响应，模拟输入信号被衰减并提供给A / D转换器。 A / D转换器转换衰减的模拟输入信号，并产生数字值作为数字输出的位，数字输出中数字值的位置取决于模拟输入信号的衰减。

公开(公告)号：US07039386B2

公开(公告)日：2006-05-02

申请号：US10124297

申请日：2002-04-18

Applicant: Arild Kolsrud

Inventor： Arild Kolsrud

IPC: H04Q7/20

CPC classification number: H04L12/1895 ,  H04H20/59 ,  H04L12/189 ,  H04W4/06 ,  H04W4/90 ,  H04W48/12 ,  H04W76/50

Abstract: In the method, an emergency broadcast station receives report of an impending or current disaster-related situation from a local authority. The geographic area to be affected by the impending or current disaster-related situation is served by an existing communication system, such as a cellular network. The emergency broadcast station generates a signal representing an emergency broadcast message that contains a frequency of an accessible main emergency channel at the emergency broadcast station, and a priority level classifying the emergent or impending disaster-related situation. The signal is transmitted to one or base stations, each serving a plurality of users of the system, which in turn send the signal to the users. The users tune to the frequency of the channel to receive the emergency broadcast message.

Abstract translation: 在该方法中，紧急广播电台接收到当地有关当局即将发生的或当前灾害相关情况的报告。 受现在或当前灾害相关情况影响的地理区域由现有的通信系统（如蜂窝网络）提供服务。 紧急广播电台生成表示紧急广播电台的紧急广播消息的信号，该紧急广播消息包含可接入的主应急频道的频率，以及对即将发生的或即将发生的灾害相关情况进行分类的优先级。 信号被发送到一个或基站，每个服务于系统的多个用户，该用户又将信号发送给用户。 用户调谐到频道的频率以接收紧急广播消息。

公开(公告)号：US06944238B2

公开(公告)日：2005-09-13

申请号：US09784846

申请日：2001-02-16

Applicant: Julio Antonio Garceran ,  Walter Joseph Kaminski ,  Arild Kolsrud

Inventor： Julio Antonio Garceran ,  Walter Joseph Kaminski ,  Arild Kolsrud

IPC: H04B1/02 ,  H03C1/00 ,  H04B1/04 ,  H04L27/20 ,  H04K1/02

CPC classification number: H03C1/00 ,  H04B1/04

Abstract: A digital transmitter converts a digital signal into analog form with a digital to analog converter (DAC) and uses an analog signal image produced from the DAC to provide an analog signal at a transmission frequency and/or uses a projected analog signal image to produce analog signals for transmission. Rather than removing analog signal images with a low pass filter at the output of the DAC and/or using analog signal images and analog mixers for frequency conversion, the digital transmitter uses the analog signal images from the DAC to produce the analog signals at the desired frequency/frequencies. By setting and/or adjusting the conversion rate for the DAC and/or the digital signal frequency/frequencies, the analog signal images produced from the DAC can be positioned in the desired frequency band(s). For example, the digital transmitter can position the digital signals within non-overlapping portions of a conversion bandwidth defined as one-half the conversion rate for the DAC. When the digital signals are converted into analog form, the DAC produces analog signal images periodically repeated at multiples of one-half the conversion rate such that analog signal images are produced at the appropriate frequency band(s) for amplification and transmission.

Abstract translation: 数字发射机将数字信号转换成模数转换器（DAC），并使用由DAC产生的模拟信号图像以传输频率提供模拟信号和/或使用投影模拟信号图像产生模拟 传输信号。 在DAC的输出端和/或使用模拟信号图像和模拟混频器进行频率转换的同时，使用低通滤波器去除模拟信号图像，而不是使用DAC的模拟信号图像来产生所需的模拟信号 频率/频率。 通过设置和/或调整DAC的转换速率和/或数字信号频率/频率，从DAC产生的模拟信号图像可以位于期望的频带内。 例如，数字发射机可以将数字信号定位在转换带宽的非重叠部分内，该转换带宽定义为DAC的转换速率的一半。 当数字信号被转换为模拟形式时，DAC产生以转换速率的一半的倍数周期性地重复的模拟信号图像，使得模拟信号图像以适当的频带产生用于放大和传输。

公开(公告)号：US6140967A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-31

申请号：US141569

申请日：1998-08-27

Applicant: Arild Kolsrud

Inventor： Arild Kolsrud

IPC: H01Q1/38 ,  H01Q9/04 ,  H01Q13/10

CPC classification number: H01Q1/38 ,  H01Q13/10 ,  H01Q9/045 ,  H01Q9/0457

Abstract: A microstrip feeds a patch antenna through a slot in a two part RF ground plane. The dual RF ground planes permit DC control of a varactor positioned over a slot in the ground planes while maintaining a high degree of AC coupling between the two planes. The AC coupling between the two ground planes is increased by increasing the capacitive coupling between the planes using an interlocking finger pattern.

Abstract translation: 微带馈线贴片天线通过两部分射频接地平面中的插槽。 双RF接地平面允许位于接地平面上的槽上的变容二极管的DC控制，同时保持两个平面之间的高度AC耦合。 通过使用互锁手指图案增加平面之间的电容耦合来增加两个接地层之间的AC耦合。

公开(公告)号：US07064613B2

公开(公告)日：2006-06-20

申请号：US10105834

申请日：2002-03-25

Applicant: Arild Kolsrud ,  Norman Gerard Ziesse

Inventor： Arild Kolsrud ,  Norman Gerard Ziesse

IPC: H03F3/04

CPC classification number: H03F1/301

Abstract: An amplifier bias system and method has only reduced resonances at least throughout the envelope frequency of the signal to be amplified. Thus, the amplifier bias system can provide bias current to the amplifier with minimal voltage variations over the envelope frequency band, especially during signal peaks. For example, the amplifier bias system can be used as an amplifier gate or drain bias network where the amplifier bias system is coupled between the power supply and the gate or drain terminals of the amplifier. The amplifier bias system can include an amplifier bias filter having an impedance which is relatively low at least throughout the envelope frequency of the input signal and relatively high at radio frequency. Because the amplifier bias filter has an impedance which is relatively low through at least the envelope or baseband frequency of the input signal and relatively high at radio frequency (RF), the voltage will be relatively constant due to the low voltage drops over the bias network from energy within the envelope frequency band. To reduce the propagation of frequency components within the envelope frequency through the amplifier bias system, an energy handling device can filter energy within the envelope frequency, for example by acting as a short to ground for certain frequencies within the envelope frequency. For signal peaks within the envelope frequency, the energy handling device can provide current through the amplifier bias filter to the amplifier.

公开(公告)号：US06320300B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-20

申请号：US09146482

申请日：1998-09-03

Applicant: Walter J. Kaminski ,  Arild Kolsrud

Inventor： Walter J. Kaminski ,  Arild Kolsrud

IPC: H01L4104

CPC classification number: H03H9/60

Abstract: Piezoelectric crystals are arranged to function as variable resonators. In one embodiment, three crystals are arranged as an array, with a center crystal between two outer crystals. An electrical excitation of the outer crystals causes a mechanical displacement in the crystals along a common axis. This displacement squeezes the center crystal, resulting in a shift of the crystal's resonant frequency. By this arrangement, signals input to the outer crystals vary the resonant properties of the inner crystal.

Abstract translation: 压电晶体被布置为用作可变谐振器。 在一个实施例中，三个晶体排列成阵列，中心晶体位于两个外部晶体之间。 外部晶体的电激发导致晶体沿公共轴的机械位移。 该位移挤压中心晶体，导致晶体谐振频率的偏移。 通过这种布置，输入到外部晶体的信号改变内部晶体的谐振特性。

公开(公告)号：US06317071B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-13

申请号：US09643637

申请日：2000-08-22

Applicant: Arild Kolsrud ,  Hui Wu

Inventor： Arild Kolsrud ,  Hui Wu

IPC: H03M112

CPC classification number: H03M1/20

Abstract: An analog-to-digital (A/D) converter system converts an analog input signal into a digital output value by combining a plurality of digital sample values. For example, an A/D converter converts an RF analog signal into digital sample values. The A/D system comprises averaging circuitry which takes the average of N digital sample values from the A/D converter. The average is produced as the digital output value for digital processing circuitry. The signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the A/D system is thereby increased because in the averaging process noise components tend to cancel due to their random nature. The increase in the SNR provided by averaging the digital sample values enables the use of higher sampling rates because the processing gain achieved by averaging the digital signal samples counters the degradation caused by clock jitter. As such, a higher speed A/D converter can be used to directly convert an RF analog signal, thereby reducing the need for frequency conversion stages. In certain embodiments, the data rate or speed is reduced to produce digital output values at a data rate compatible with the digital processing circuitry.

Abstract translation: 模拟数字（A / D）转换器系统通过组合多个数字采样值将模拟输入信号转换成数字输出值。 例如，A / D转换器将RF模拟信号转换成数字采样值。 A / D系统包括从A / D转换器获取N个数字采样值的平均值的平均电路。 平均值作为数字处理电路的数字输出值产生。 A / D系统的信噪比（SNR）因此增加，因为在平均处理中，噪声分量由于其随机性而倾向于消除。 通过平均数字采样值提供的SNR的增加使得能够使用更高的采样率，因为通过对数字信号采样进行平均而获得的处理增益反映了由时钟抖动引起的劣化。 因此，可以使用更高速度的A / D转换器来直接转换RF模拟信号，从而减少对频率转换阶段的需要。 在某些实施例中，数据速率或速度被降低以产生与数字处理电路兼容的数据速率的数字输出值。