摘要:
An embodiment of manufacturing method of a flat-panel display device having a display panel and a transparent protector sheet; comprises: setting a bi-directionally Y-shape branched line pattern within a rectangular to-be-bonded area, which is formed of two Y-shaped intersections of a center line and angle bisector lines of the corners, of the to-be-bonded area; and applying adhesive resin onto the protector sheet or onto the display panel by forming circular or ellipsoidal dot patterns of applied adhesive resin so that: the dot patterns are arranged on the center-line segment and on the branch lines or their vicinities; and the dot patterns are arranged in symmetry with respect to the center line and to its perpendicular bisector.
摘要:
Supplied with an input signal into which a carrier signal is modulated at a frame period by a data signal and unique words periodically interspersed throughout the data signal, a demodulating circuit (16) quadrature demodulates the input signal into an output signal. A cross-correlating circuit (23) calculates a cross-correlation coefficient between the output signal and a locally known unique word. A frame synchronizing circuit (24) compares the cross-correlation coefficient with a predetermined threshold value and delivers an aperture when the cross-correlation coefficient is below the predetermined threshold value. A phase calculating circuit (25) calculates phase errors between a recovered carrier signal recovered from the output signal and a regenerated carrier signal which is a correct reproduction of the carrier signal. The phase errors are set in a carrier regenerating circuit (17) to render the recovered carrier signal identical with the regenerated carrier signal at the aperture interval. Preferably, a frequency calculating circuit calculates frequency errors between the recovered and the regenerated carrier signals for use in making the recovered carrier signal identical with the regenerated carrier signal not only as regards phase but also as regards frequency.
摘要:
An apparatus for detecting burst signals used in satellite communication, for example, detects burst signals of the type comprising a unique word followed by a series of data. The burst signals are of the type that have undergone cyclic redundancy check (CRC) coding and error-correction coding. A unique word detector detects the unique word in the burst signal. An error-correcting decoder decodes the error-correction code used with the data. Two forms of error detection are used to reduce the possibility of erroneous data being mistakenly considered error-free. A cyclic redundancy check error detector detects any CRC error in the decoded data. A channel quality detector detects quality of the channel on which the burst signal is received. An output circuit provides an output signal indicating presence or absence of error in the data in response to outputs of the unique word detector, the CRC error detector, and the channel quality detector.
摘要:
A carrier recovery circuit comprises first and second mixers for mixing a received PSK signal with first and second reference frequency signals. A remodulator extracts a preamble from each burst of the PSK signal and supplies the extracted carrier to a carrier recovery means to cause it to derive a reference carrier from the extracted preamble. A phase detector is connected to the outputs of the first and second mixers for detecting a phase difference between the PSK signal and the reference carrier, the detected phase difference being applied to a resettable noise reduction circuit for reducing amplitude fluctuations contained in the phase difference, the noise reduction circuit being arranged to be reset in response to each of the bursts to discharge energy stored as a result of the noise reduction and eliminate interburst phase errors which occur as a result of interburst frequency variations. A variable phase shifter controls the phase of the reference carrier in accordance with the output of the noise eliminator and supplies quadrature versions of the phase controlled carrier to the first and second mixers as the first and second reference frequency signals.
摘要:
A phase detector demodulates a carrier wave which is modulated by a phase shift keying (PSK), a quadrature amplitude modulation, or a similar digital modulated wave. The detector detects the phase difference between an analog signal and a reference clock signal. The analog signal is sampled at the frequency of the clock signal and provides a first k-bit digital signal. A delay circuit samples the first digital signal at one-half of the reference signal frequency in order to produce a second k-bit digital signal. A multiplier multiplies the first and second digital signals and gives a phase difference signal.
摘要:
A bit errror detection circuit for checking the quality of a transmission path by accurately predicting a true bit error rate (BER) despite changes in the operating point of a non-linear element or fluctuations in the level of an input signal. An inputted PSK-modulated carrier wave is separately phase demodulated by a recovered carrier wave and a phase modulated carrier wave. These two phase demodulated PSK-modulated carrier waves are inputted into separate discriminator circuits 412 and 413 having a common discrimination level where the difference between the outputs can be compared by the comparator circuit 409 to predict a true BER.
摘要:
Optimum tap coefficients corresponding to equalization characteristics are stored in a memory circuit and when an equalization characteristics is designated, an optimum tap coefficient is read out of the memory circuit and a transversal type equalizer is controlled by the read-out optimum tap coefficient. According to a modified embodiment, where a tap coefficient for a combined characteristic based on a combination of a plurality of transmission characteristics is necessary, a convolution operation of the tap coefficients for respective transmission characteristics is effected to determine a new tap coefficient which is used to set taps of the transversal type equalizer.
摘要:
A synchronization (sync) word detection apparatus which, on receiving a signal in which a sync word having a predetermined length (N) is inserted beforehand, detects the sync word out of a demodulated and soft-decided sequence of the received signal. A cross correlator (4) calculates a cross correlation value of the soft-decided and demodulated sequence fed thereto and the sync word. A threshold generating section (1, 2, 3) determines a means power of the demodulated and soft-decided sequence and generates a threshold value on the basis of the mean power. A comparing circuit (5) produces a detection signal when the cross correlation exceeds the threshold value. The apparatus reduces the false detection probability and misdetection prbability even when the receive field intensity sharply changes on a transmission path.
摘要:
A carrier recovery circuit comprises a voltage-controlled oscillator with a .pi./2 phase shifter coupled to it for generating carriers of quadrature phase relationship. First and second phase comparators respectively detect phase differences between an offset QPSK modulated signal and the carriers of the quadrature phase relationship. Signal from the first phase comparator is delayed by a 1/2 symbol duration and applied to one input of a quadri-phase detector having stable phase angles at .pi./4, (3/4).pi., (5/4).pi. and (7/4).pi. radian and signal from the second phase comparator is applied to the other input of the quadri-phase detector. A bit timing recovery field (1010 . . . 1010) of the second channel is detected from the output of the second phase comparator. Signal from the quadri-phase detector is applied to a loop filter and thence to the voltage-controlled oscillator during the time when a bit timing recovery field (BTR) of the second channel is not still detected. To stabilize the operation of the carrier recovery loop of the circuit, the output of the second phase comparator from which that BTR is detected is briefly applied to the loop filter in response to the detection of a BTR of the second channel, instead of the signal from the quadri-phase detector.
摘要:
In a phase controlled demodulator, a modulated digital input signal is demodulated into quadrature signals with a carrier recovered by a voltage controlled oscillator. A phase difference between the quadrature signals is detected by a phase detector of Costas loop and applied through a loop filter to the voltage controlled oscillator to control the frequency and phase of the recovered carrier when the frequency deviation between the received and recovered carriers is within a phase control range. When the frequency deviation exceeds the phase control range, the output of the phase detector is a beat of the two carriers and a frequency sweep control voltage is applied to the VCO to search for the missing carrier. The magnitude of the beat is detected and compared with a predetermined threshold value. When the frequency deviation is far beyond the control range, the magnitude of the beat is lower than the threshold, but exceeds it at the instant the demodulator enters the control range, whereupon the frequency sweep control voltage is removed from the VCO.