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公开(公告)号：US20110240474A1
公开(公告)日：2011-10-06
申请号：US13139331
申请日：2009-12-18
IPC分类号： C02F1/469 , B03C5/02 , C02F103/08
CPC分类号： C02F1/4691 , C02F1/46114 , C02F2201/003
摘要： A water treatment apparatus comprising a stack of circular electrodes with a central through hole, the electrodes are supplied with electricity so as to form anodes and cathodes in alternating intercalation. The anodes and cathodes so arranged to lie in such close-spaced parallel face to face relationship as to form a capacitive deionization cell. Water to be treated is passed from the outside of the stack, radially inward through between the electrodes into the central through hole and then axially out of the stack.
摘要翻译： 一种水处理设备，包括具有中心通孔的圆形电极堆叠，电极被供电以便交替插入形成阳极和阴极。 阳极和阴极被布置成处于形成电容去离子电池的这种紧密平行的面对面关系中。 待处理的水从堆叠的外部径向向内穿过电极之间进入中心通孔，然后轴向地离开堆叠。
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2.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080277289A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-13
申请号：US12118932
申请日：2008-05-12
CPC分类号： C02F9/005 , B01D61/00 , B01D2311/04 , B01D2311/06 , C02F1/26 , C02F1/444 , C02F1/461 , C02F1/467 , C02F1/66 , C02F2101/16 , C02F2209/005 , C02F2209/02 , C02F2209/06 , B01D2311/18 , B01D2311/103 , B01D2311/12 , B01D2311/2684
摘要： A new system is disclosed for extracting ammonia from a wastewater stream, and for transferring the ammonia into the secondary water circuit, where the dissolved ammonium is electrolysed and transformed into gaseous nitrogen. The new system makes use of a membrane of gas-permeable hydrophobic material. The wastewater is raised to pH of 11, and 50° C., to make the transfer of ammonia through the membrane more efficient.Also disclosed is a process-control system for the ammonium disposal system, in which pH sensors are used to control operation. Instruments for measuring ammonia-concentration directly are expensive, whereas pH-sensors are simple, reliable, and responsive. Disclosed are procedures for establishing the relationships between pH and the progress of the ammonium disposal treatment.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于从废水流中提取氨并将氨转移到二次水回路中的新系统，其中溶解的铵被电解并转化成气态氮。 新系统利用透气疏水材料的膜。 将废水升至11和50℃的pH，以使氨通过膜的转移更有效。 还公开了一种用于铵处理系统的过程控制系统，其中使用pH传感器来控制操作。 用于直接测量氨浓度的仪器是昂贵的，而pH传感器是简单，可靠和响应。 公开了建立pH与铵处理处理进展之间关系的程序。
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公开(公告)号：US20140069814A1
公开(公告)日：2014-03-13
申请号：US14115742
申请日：2012-05-11
IPC分类号： C02F1/469
CPC分类号： C02F1/4691 , C02F2103/08 , C02F2201/4611
摘要： In a capacitive deionization water desalination apparatus, the waterways of the cell are physically switchable between treatment-phase and purge-phase. In treatment-phase, the waterways conduct the flow of water thickness-wise, in-series, through the whole stack of electrodes and spacers. In purge-phase, the waterways conduct the flow of purge-water into the edges of the spacers, and along the spacers parallel to the plane of the spacers.
摘要翻译： 在电容去离子水脱盐装置中，电池的水路在处理阶段和净化阶段之间物理切换。 在处理阶段，水道通过整个电极和间隔物层叠地进行串联的水流。 在清洗阶段，水道将吹扫水的流动进入间隔件的边缘，并沿着间隔物的平面平行的间隔物。
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公开(公告)号：US20120298153A1
公开(公告)日：2012-11-29
申请号：US13522562
申请日：2011-02-07
IPC分类号： B08B3/00
CPC分类号： A47L15/4229 , A47L15/4231 , C02F1/008 , C02F1/4691 , C02F1/688 , C02F5/10 , C02F2001/46138 , C02F2201/006 , C02F2201/46145 , C02F2303/16 , D06F39/007 , D06F39/088
摘要： The softener is based on a capacitive-deionization (CDI) cell, in which the hardness ions are extracted, and disposed of still intact, in concentrated form. The softener is combined with a chelate to inhibit precipitation, in the appliance, from the concentrated effluent. The chelate being citric acid, the acidity is effective to keep the hardness ions in solution. The purify and regenerate modes of operation of the softener can be timed to coincide with the washing and rinsing cycles of the appliance, whereby the presence of the softener does not affect the speed and performance of the appliance.
摘要翻译： 软化剂基于电容去离子（CDI）电池，其中提取硬度离子，并以浓缩形式仍然完好地处理。 软化剂与螯合物结合以抑制器具中浓缩流出物的沉淀。 螯合物是柠檬酸，酸度有效地将硬度离子保持在溶液中。 软化剂的净化和再生操作模式可以被定时以与设备的洗涤和漂洗循环一致，由此软化剂的存在不影响器具的速度和性能。
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公开(公告)号：US20110240472A1
公开(公告)日：2011-10-06
申请号：US13139317
申请日：2009-12-15
IPC分类号： C02F1/46 , C02F103/08
CPC分类号： C02F1/4691 , C02F1/4604 , C02F2001/46161 , C02F2201/003 , C02F2201/4613 , C02F2303/16
摘要： The electrodes of the described CDI cell are porous and permeable. The liquid to be deionized (e.g. salt water to be desalinated) flows through the electrodes. The electrodes are arranged in a stack, alternating anode/cathode, and water being treated passes through every electrode in the whole stack. For regeneration, the cells are connected (short-circuited) together, and the ions are dislodged mainly by flushing action. The through-flow arrangement can be realized in a number of different configurations.
摘要翻译： 所述CDI电池的电极是多孔的和可渗透的。 要去离子的液体（例如要脱盐的盐水）流过电极。 电极布置成堆叠，交替的阳极/阴极和待处理的水通过整个堆叠中的每个电极。 为了再生，细胞连接（短路）在一起，并且离子主要通过冲洗作用而被移除。 通流配置可以以多种不同的配置来实现。
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公开(公告)号：US07160430B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-09
申请号：US10662818
申请日：2003-09-16
CPC分类号： C02F1/20 , B01J49/06 , B01J49/70 , C02F1/4672 , C02F1/4674 , C02F1/66 , C02F9/00 , C02F2001/425 , C02F2001/46128 , C02F2001/46142 , C02F2101/16 , C02F2201/46145 , C02F2209/005 , C02F2209/06 , C02F2303/16
摘要： In a sewage treatment plant, dissolved ammonium is extracted from the waste-water stream, and is transferred to a body of secondary water. The secondary water is passed through an electrolysis station, where the ammonium is transformed to nitrogen gas. The capture and transfer can be done by ion-exchange, the electrolysis then being done on the regenerant water. Or the capture and transfer can be done by first transforming the dissolved ammonium to ammonia gas by raising the pH of the waste-water, then passing the ammonia gas through acidic secondary-water, in which the ammonia dissolves, the electrolysis then being done on the acid-water. The electrolysed, ammonium-diminished, secondary-water can be re-used in further capture/transfer episodes. The secondary-water does not mix with the waste-water stream.
摘要翻译： 在污水处理厂中，从废水流中提取溶解的铵，并将其转移到二次水体中。 二次水通过电解站，其中铵转化为氮气。 捕获和转移可以通过离子交换进行，然后在再生水上进行电解。 或者捕获和转移可以通过首先通过提高废水的pH来将溶解的铵转化成氨气，然后将氨气通过氨溶解的酸性二次水进行，然后进行电解 酸水。 电解，铵减少的二次水可以再次用于进一步的捕获/转移发生。 二次水不与废水流混合。
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公开(公告)号：US09079789B2
公开(公告)日：2015-07-14
申请号：US14115742
申请日：2012-05-11
IPC分类号： C02F1/46 , C02F1/469 , C02F103/08
CPC分类号： C02F1/4691 , C02F2103/08 , C02F2201/4611
摘要： In a capacitive deionization water desalination apparatus, the waterways of the cell are physically switchable between treatment-phase and purge-phase. In treatment-phase, the waterways conduct the flow of water thickness-wise, in-series, through the whole stack of electrodes and spacers. In purge-phase, the waterways conduct the flow of purge-water into the edges of the spacers, and along the spacers parallel to the plane of the spacers.
摘要翻译： 在电容去离子水脱盐装置中，电池的水路在处理阶段和净化阶段之间物理切换。 在处理阶段，水道通过整个电极和间隔物层叠地进行串联的水流。 在清洗阶段，水道将吹扫水的流动进入间隔件的边缘，并沿着间隔物的平面平行的间隔物。
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公开(公告)号：US08968546B2
公开(公告)日：2015-03-03
申请号：US13139331
申请日：2009-12-18
CPC分类号： C02F1/4691 , C02F1/46114 , C02F2201/003
摘要： A water treatment apparatus comprising a stack of circular electrodes with a central through hole, the electrodes are supplied with electricity so as to form anodes and cathodes in alternating intercalation. The anodes and cathodes so arranged to lie in such close-spaced parallel face to face relationship as to form a capacitive deionization cell. Water to be treated is passed from the outside of the stack, radially inward through between the electrodes into the central through hole and then axially out of the stack.
摘要翻译： 一种水处理设备，包括具有中心通孔的圆形电极堆叠，电极被供电以便交替插入形成阳极和阴极。 阳极和阴极被布置成处于形成电容去离子电池的这种紧密平行的面对面关系中。 待处理的水从堆叠的外部径向向内穿过电极之间进入中心通孔，然后轴向地离开堆叠。
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9.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20120247973A1
公开(公告)日：2012-10-04
申请号：US13445081
申请日：2012-04-12
IPC分类号： C02F1/461
CPC分类号： C02F9/005 , B01D61/00 , B01D2311/04 , B01D2311/06 , C02F1/26 , C02F1/444 , C02F1/461 , C02F1/467 , C02F1/66 , C02F2101/16 , C02F2209/005 , C02F2209/02 , C02F2209/06 , B01D2311/18 , B01D2311/103 , B01D2311/12 , B01D2311/2684
摘要： Ammonium is removed from wastewater and transferred into a secondary water circuit. There, the ammonia is oxidized to nitrogen gas in an electrolytic cell. Disclosed is a process-control procedure for minimizing the electricity supplied to the cell, and for ensuring destruction of ammonia down to desired levels. The procedure involves taking pH-readings of the secondary water, and using those pH-readings to determine ammonia levels, and to determine the need for electricity usage to be stepped up or down, and to establish relationships between pH and the progress of the ammonium disposal treatment. The procedure can be used with diverse ways of transferring the ammonia from the wastewater to the secondary water, and with continuous or batch treatment. Instruments for measuring ammonia-concentration directly are expensive, whereas pH-sensors are simple, reliable, and responsive.
摘要翻译： 从废水中除去铵并转移到二次水回路中。 在那里，氨在电解池中被氧化成氮气。 公开了一种用于最小化供应到电池的电力并用于确保氨的破坏达到所需水平的过程控制程序。 该程序包括对二次水进行pH读数，并使用这些pH读数来确定氨水平，并确定需要升高或降低电力使用的需求，并建立pH与铵进行之间的关系 处置处理。 该方法可用于将氨从废水转移到二次水中的不同方式，并且可以连续或间歇处理。 用于直接测量氨浓度的仪器是昂贵的，而pH传感器是简单，可靠和响应。
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公开(公告)号：US20100011907A1
公开(公告)日：2010-01-21
申请号：US12440085
申请日：2007-09-13
CPC分类号： C22B3/045 , C22B3/02 , C22B23/005 , C22B23/043 , C25C1/08 , C25C7/02 , Y02P10/234
摘要： Nickel entrained in the sulphide mineral pyrrhotite is engineered to dissolve in leaching acid in a two step procedure. First, a slurry of the mineral and the acid is activated by oxidation. This is done in a time T1 by electrolysis; or alternatively chemically, by adding e.g an oxidizing acid to the mineral. After activation, the slurry is then kept under anoxic conditions for a time T2. During T2, the sulphide starts to dissolve much more rapidly, and the rapid breakdown of the sulphide enables the nickel to dissolve and thus to be leached out of the mineral. The dissolved nickel is extracted from the leaching acid e.g by electro-winning.
摘要翻译： 夹带在硫化矿物中的镍磁黄铁矿被工程化以溶解在浸出酸中的两步法。 首先，通过氧化活化矿物和酸的浆液。 这通过电解在T1时间完成; 或者化学上通过向矿物中加入例如氧化酸。 活化后，将浆液保持在缺氧条件下一段时间T2。 在T2期间，硫化物开始迅速溶解，硫化物的快速分解使得镍能够溶解并因此从矿物中浸出。 从浸出酸中提取溶解的镍，例如通过电击。
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