Calorimeter and method for designing calorimeter

    公开(公告)号:US09846089B2

    公开(公告)日:2017-12-19

    申请号:US14420094

    申请日:2013-08-07

    发明人: Haruhiko Yao

    摘要: There is provided a calorimeter. Heat flows in and out of the sample via a thermoelectric module. The thermoelectric module is so constituted that a pair of a P-type thermoelectric element and an N-type thermoelectric element is disposed between substrates, and the pair of the thermoelectric elements are connected in n pairs so that the P-type thermoelectric elements and the N-type thermoelectric element are arranged alternately in π-shape; a calorimetric sensitivity of the thermoelectric module of a thermal conductance surrounding thermoelectric module and a thermal conductance between substrates of the thermoelectric modules and a noise based on an electric resistance of the thermoelectric module depend on an L/A ratio of the thermoelectric element constituting the thermoelectric module and the number n of the pairs of the thermoelectric elements, where the L/A ratio is 6 mm−1 or more, and the number n of the pairs is 4 or more.

    Fast-response photorefractive polymer element
    7.
    发明授权
    Fast-response photorefractive polymer element 有权
    快速响应光折射聚合物元件

    公开(公告)号:US09500932B2

    公开(公告)日:2016-11-22

    申请号:US14425621

    申请日:2013-08-06

    摘要: The present invention provides a fast-response photorefractive polymer element (1) including two insulating substrates (2, 2) arranged substantially in parallel with each other, ITO electrodes (3, 3) provided on inner surfaces (2a, 2a) of two insulating substrates (2, 2), dark current control layers (4, 4) provided on inner surfaces (3a, 3a) of ITO electrodes (3, 3), and a photorefractive composite material (5) provided between two insulating substrates (2, 2) with ITO electrodes (3, 3) and dark current control layers (4, 4). The photorefractive composite material (5) contains polytriarylamine (PTAA) which is a photorefractive polymer, and a dark current control layer (4) is a single-layered monomolecular film or multi-layered monomolecular films. With these configurations, a fast-response photorefractive polymer element achieves significantly improved responsiveness.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供了一种快速响应的光折变聚合物元件(1),其包括彼此基本平行排列的两个绝缘基板(2,2),设置在两个绝缘的内表面(2a,2a)上的ITO电极(3,3) 设置在ITO电极(3,3)的内表面(3a,3a)上的暗电流控制层(4,4)和设置在两个绝缘基板(2,3)之间的光折变复合材料(5)的基板(2,2) 2)具有ITO电极(3,3)和暗电流控制层(4,4)。 光折变复合材料(5)含有作为光折变聚合物的聚三芳基胺(PTAA),暗电流控制层(4)是单层单分子膜或多层单分子膜。 利用这些配置,快速响应的光折变聚合物元件实现显着改善的响应性。