公开(公告)号：US4902977A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-20

申请号：US295720

申请日：1989-01-10

申请人： Michael B. Kenny ,  Larry R. Barnett ,  Richard W. Grow ,  J. Mark Baird

发明人： Michael B. Kenny ,  Larry R. Barnett ,  Richard W. Grow ,  J. Mark Baird

IPC分类号： G01L21/32

CPC分类号： G01L21/32

摘要： A gas ionization type vacuum gauge for testing the internal vacuum levels to below 10.sup.-6 torr is disclosed which uses a multipactor discharge means as the source for the electron current used to ionize residual gas molecules. The invention comprises an RF field enhancing cavity which can be constructed of high-vacuum-compatible materials, able to withstand bake-out microwave temperatures and a negatively biased ion collection wave, wire, or grid. A simple ceramic RF feed-through permits simple and noninvasive pressure measurements. The device can be made much smaller than conventional gauges.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于测试内部真空度至低于10 -6乇的气体离子型真空计，其使用多功能放电装置作为用于电离残余气体分子的电子电流源。 本发明包括RF场增强腔，其可由能够承受烘烤微波温度的高真空兼容材料和负偏压的离子采集波，线或栅格构成。 简单的陶瓷射频馈电允许简单和无创的压力测量。 该装置可以比传统的量规小得多。

公开(公告)号：US4554483A

公开(公告)日：1985-11-19

申请号：US537474

申请日：1983-09-29

申请人： J. Mark Baird ,  Larry R. Barnett ,  Yue-Ying Lau

发明人： J. Mark Baird ,  Larry R. Barnett ,  Yue-Ying Lau

IPC分类号： H01J25/02 ,  H01J25/00

CPC分类号： H01J25/025 ,  Y10S505/88

摘要： An RF cyclotron maser type traveling-wave amplifier including an integral active circulator. The amplifier includes a tapered interaction waveguide having a cross-section which gradually increases from a small first end to a larger second end thereof. The waveguide is capable of supporting first and second orthogonal polarization modes therein with approximately the same propagation characteristics for the two modes. A beam of mildly relativistic electrons having helical electron motion is directed into the small first end to axially propagate within the waveguide toward the larger second end. A tapered magnetic field is generated within the waveguide in a direction approximately parallel to the axis of the waveguide. The magnetic field is profiled to near grazing interaction with the second polarization mode of the waveguide. An input electromagnetic wave in the first polarization mode is launched into the larger second end of the waveguide to propagate toward the first end thereof. The input wave is reflected by the constriction of the tapered waveguide to co-propagate with the electron beam in the waveguide. The reflected input wave additionally excites energy in the second mode which also co-propagates with the electron beam. The first and second modes are amplified by the electron beam; the second polarization mode being amplified to a greater extent than the first mode. The two orthogonal modes are easily separated to provide input and output ports for the amplifier.

摘要翻译： 一种包括整体有源环行器的RF回旋加速器型行波放大器。 放大器包括具有从小的第一端到其较大的第二端逐渐增加的横截面的锥形相互作用波导。 波导能够支持其中的第一和第二正交偏振模式，其中两种模式具有大致相同的传播特性。 具有螺旋电子运动的轻度相对论电子束被引导到小的第一端中，以在波导内朝较大的第二端轴向传播。 在波导内沿与波导的轴线大致平行的方向产生锥形磁场。 磁场形状与波导的第二偏振模式近似放牧相互作用。 在第一偏振模式中的输入电磁波被发射到波导的较大的第二端，以朝向其第一端传播。 输入波被锥形波导的收缩反射，与波导中的电子束共同传播。 反射的输入波另外激发与电子束共同传播的第二模式的能量。 第一和第二模式被电子束放大; 第二偏振模式被放大到比第一模式更大的程度。 两个正交模式很容易分离，为放大器提供输入和输出端口。

公开(公告)号：US5841219A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-24

申请号：US778789

申请日：1997-01-06

申请人： Laurence P. Sadwick ,  R. Jennifer Hwu ,  J. Mark Baird ,  Sherman Holmes

发明人： Laurence P. Sadwick ,  R. Jennifer Hwu ,  J. Mark Baird ,  Sherman Holmes

IPC分类号： H01J19/08 ,  H01J21/10 ,  H01J1/62

CPC分类号： H01J19/08 ,  H01J21/105

摘要： An integrated circuit vacuum tube array includes an insulating or highly resistive substrate, electrically conductive materials disposed on the substrate to define and surround a plurality of first voids extending from the substrate upwardly through the material, a plurality of cathodes disposed on the material to bridge over the respective first voids, for emitting electrons when heated by circuitry that selectively heats the cathodes, first electrically resistive material disposed on the electrically conductive material to surround the cathodes and define a plurality of second voids thereabove, an electrically conductive grid disposed on the electrically resistive material to project partially into the second voids to define an opening in the grid above each cathode, for allowing the passage of electrons therethrough, circuitry to selectively apply a voltage to the grid to control electron flow and thereby control the electrical current produced at the anodes, second electrically resistive material disposed on the grid to define a plurality of third voids above the openings in the grid, and a plurality of electrically conductive anodes disposed on the second electrically resistive material over the third voids to receive electrons emitted by the cathodes and thereby produce an electrical current.

摘要翻译： 集成电路真空管阵列包括绝缘或高电阻衬底，导电材料设置在衬底上以限定和围绕从衬底向上延伸通过材料的多个第一空隙，多个阴极设置在材料上以跨越 相应的第一空隙，用于当由选择性地加热阴极的电路加热时发射电子，设置在导电材料上的第一电阻材料以包围阴极并在其上限定多个第二空隙，设置在电阻上的导电栅格 材料部分地投入到第二空隙中以在每个阴极上方的栅格中限定开口，以允许电子通过其中，用于选择性地向电网施加电压以控制电子流并由此控制在阳极处产生的电流的电路 ，第二电解 设置在栅格上以在栅格中的开口上方限定多个第三空隙的多个材料，以及设置在第三空隙上的第二电阻材料上的多个导电阳极，以接收由阴极发射的电子，从而产生电 当前。

公开(公告)号：US07602193B1

公开(公告)日：2009-10-13

申请号：US11801956

申请日：2007-05-11

申请人： J. Mark Baird ,  Darren J. Corey

发明人： J. Mark Baird ,  Darren J. Corey

IPC分类号： G01R27/04 ,  G01R27/28

CPC分类号： G01R27/2658 ,  G01N22/00

摘要： The exemplary embodiments of the invention provide techniques that assist in the absorption, reduction or elimination of the resonance of unwanted cavity modes in a cavity measurement system, such as a cylindrical TE0,n cavity measurement system used to measure various dielectric properties of a dielectric sample, for example. One non-limiting, exemplary system includes: sidewalls; a first endplate; a second endplate disposed opposite the first endplate so as to define a cavity bounded by the sidewalls, the first endplate and the second endplate; and first and second radio frequency (RF) coupling receptacles coupled to at least one of the sidewalls, the first endplate or the second endplate, wherein the first and second RF coupling receptacles are configured to pass a RF signal through the cavity. The first endplate has a plurality of conducting loops disposed on a surface facing the second endplate. Each loop of the plurality of conducting loops is electrically isolated from other loops of the plurality of conducting loops.

摘要翻译： 本发明的示例性实施例提供了有助于吸收，减少或消除空腔测量系统中不想要的腔模的共振的技术，例如用于测量电介质样品的各种介电性质的圆柱形TE0，n空腔测量系统 ， 例如。 一个非限制性的示例性系统包括：侧壁; 第一个终板; 第二端板，其布置成与所述第一端板相对，以限定由所述侧壁，所述第一端板和所述第二端板限定的空腔; 以及耦合到所述侧壁，所述第一端板或所述第二端板中的至少一个的第一和第二射频（RF）耦合插座，其中所述第一和第二RF耦合插座被配置为使RF信号通过所述腔。 第一端板具有设置在面向第二端板的表面上的多个导电回路。 多个导电环中的每个环与多个导电环中的其它环电隔离。

公开(公告)号：US5396658A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-07

申请号：US76381

申请日：1993-06-14

申请人： R. Jennifer Hwu ,  J. Mark Baird ,  Roberto W. Alm

发明人： R. Jennifer Hwu ,  J. Mark Baird ,  Roberto W. Alm

IPC分类号： H01Q1/24 ,  H03D7/14 ,  H03D9/06 ,  H04B1/28

CPC分类号： H01Q1/247 ,  H03D9/0641 ,  H04B1/28 ,  H03D7/1408

摘要： A radio frequency millimeter-wave signal antenna and mixer system includes a dielectric substrate having a generally planar upper surface, and a ground-plane layer of conductive material disposed below the upper surface. This ground plane layer includes a plurality of spaced-apart low conductivity sections or windows to allow passage therethrough of radio frequency signals received at a surface of the substrate. A plurality of antennae are disposed on the upper surface of the substrate, with each antenna being positioned over a respective one of the windows in the ground-plane layer. A plurality of mixers are also disposed on the upper surface of the substrate, each adjacent a respective antenna for receiving radio frequency signals therefrom and for producing intermediate frequency signals. A plurality of output conductors are formed on the upper surface of the substrate, each being coupled to a respective mixer to extend therefrom alongside the antenna from which respective mixer receives radio frequency signals. The output conductors carry intermediate frequency signals from the respective mixers to the edge of the substrate.

摘要翻译： 射频毫米波信号天线和混频器系统包括具有大致平面的上表面的电介质基片和设置在上表面下方的导电材料的接地平面层。 该接地平面层包括多个间隔开的低电导率部分或窗口，以允许在基底表面处接收的射频信号通过。 多个天线设置在基板的上表面上，每个天线位于接地层中相应的一个窗口之上。 多个混合器也设置在基板的上表面上，每个相邻于相应的天线，用于从其接收射频信号并用于产生中频信号。 多个输出导体形成在衬底的上表面上，每个输出导体分别耦合到相应的混频器，以从天线旁边延伸，各个混频器从该天线接收射频信号。 输出导体将来自相应混合器的中频信号传送到衬底的边缘。

公开(公告)号：US4668894A

公开(公告)日：1987-05-26

申请号：US258084

申请日：1981-04-27

申请人： Larry R. Barnett ,  J. Mark Baird

发明人： Larry R. Barnett ,  J. Mark Baird

IPC分类号： H01J23/027 ,  H01J23/36 ,  H01J25/02 ,  H01P1/16 ,  H01J25/00

CPC分类号： H01P1/16 ,  H01J23/027 ,  H01J23/36 ,  H01J25/025

摘要： A coupler employing two similar sections of waveguide which extend coliney in longitudinal succession. Adjacent ends of the guide sections are spaced apart to form a gap in the boundary of the sections. A third section of waveguide is disposed external to and coaxial with at least a part of each of the two waveguide sections to provide a boundary surrounding the gap. Electromagnetic energy propagating down one of the two similar sections of waveguide in a first mode and entering the gap is converted partly to a plurality of other modes. The converted energy is reconverted to the first mode upon reaching the other of the two similar sections of waveguide. The electric field pattern exciting the section of waveguide at the end of the gap and propagating down it is exclusively in the first mode. The cutoff-determining dimensions of the third section of waveguide and the gap separation are determined from the condition that the phase relationships between the modes at the end of the gap be the same, to within an integral multiple of 2.pi., as what they were at the beginning of the gap, to insure complete transfer of power between the two similar sections of waveguide.

摘要翻译： 使用两个类似的波导部分的耦合器，其纵向连续地共线延伸。 引导部分的相邻端部间隔开以在部分的边界中形成间隙。 波导的第三部分设置在两个波导部分中的每个的至少一部分的外部并与其同轴，以提供围绕间隙的边界。 沿着第一模式的波导的两个相似部分中的一个传播并进入间隙的电磁能量被部分转换为多个其它模式。 转换的能量在到达波导的两个相似部分中的另一个时再转换到第一模式。 在间隙末端激励波导部分并向下传播的电场图案仅在第一模式中。 波导的第三部分和间隙分离的截止确定尺寸是从间隙结束时的模式之间的相位相等相同的条件确定的，在2 pi的整数倍内，如同它们是 在间隙的开始，确保波导的两个相似部分之间的功率的完全传递。