公开(公告)号：US3926719A

公开(公告)日：1975-12-16

申请号：US22063572

申请日：1972-01-25

Applicant: INDUSTRIAL NUCLEONICS CORP

Inventor： SPITZ DAVID A

IPC: D21F1/00 ,  D21F1/06 ,  D21F1/08 ,  D21F7/00

CPC classification number: D21F1/06 ,  D21F1/08 ,  D21F7/003

Abstract: The position of a dry line on a Fourdrinier wire is maintained at substantially the same location after a grade change for a fibrous product formed on the wire as before the change. In concert with control of the bone dry basis weight of the product and wire speed during the grade change, the stream flow of a fiber water slurry fed to a headbox spouting to the wire is controlled. Stream flow control is in response to indications of the bone dry basis weight of the product before and after the grade change, as well as the wire speed before and after the grade change.

公开(公告)号：US3914607A

公开(公告)日：1975-10-21

申请号：US42392173

申请日：1973-12-12

Applicant: INDUSTRIAL NUCLEONICS CORP

Inventor： CHO BOONG YOUN ,  UTT ORVAL L

IPC: G01B15/02 ,  G01N23/16 ,  G01N23/203 ,  G01T1/16

CPC classification number: G01N23/16 ,  G01B15/02

Abstract: Apparatus and method for measuring the thicknesses of material on opposite sides of the reinforcing cord disposed within a tire ply, the material of the reinforcing cords having a high effective atomic number relative to the atomic number of the material applied to the opposite sides of the cords. Sources of X-ray radiation on opposite sides of the tire ply are directed at the tire ply. Radiation detectors on opposite sides of the ply having optimum sensitivity to backscatter radiations, produce first and second signal outputs, each of which have components functionally related to the thicknesses of the material on both sides of the reinforcing cords. Processing circuits are provided which process the first and second signals so that the first and second signals each are related to the thicknesses of material on both sides of the ply. Solution networks combine the processed signals to obtain third and fourth signals, the third signal being representative of the thickness of material on one side of the cord and substantially independent of changes in the thickness of rubber on the opposite side of the cords, and the fourth signal being representative of the thickness of material on the opposite side of the reinforcing cord and substantially independent of changes in the thickness of rubber on the other side of the cords. Optional apparatus for summing, subtracting and taking the ratio of the third and fourth signals to indicate the combined thickness of material on both sides of the cord, the difference of the thickness of material on one side of the ply compared to the other, or balance, and the cord position within the ply are provided.

Abstract translation: 用于测量设置在轮胎帘布层内的增强帘线的相对侧上的材料的厚度的装置和方法，相对于施加到帘线的相对侧的材料的原子序数，加强帘线的材料具有高有效原子序数 。 轮胎帘布层相对两侧的X射线辐射源指向轮胎帘布层。 帘布层相对两侧的辐射检测器具有对后向散射辐射的最佳灵敏度，产生第一和第二信号输出，每个信号输出具有功能上与加强帘线两侧的材料厚度相关的部件。 提供了处理电路，其处理第一和第二信号，使得第一和第二信号各自与层的两侧上的材料的厚度相关。 解决方案网络将经处理的信号组合以获得第三和第四信号，第三信号代表电缆的一侧上的材料的厚度，并且基本上与电线的相对侧的橡胶厚度的变化无关，第四信号 信号代表加强帘线相对侧上材料的厚度，并且基本上与帘线另一侧的橡胶厚度的变化无关。 可选装置，用于求和，减去和取得第三和第四信号的比率，以指示帘线两侧的材料的组合厚度，帘布层一侧的材料厚度与另一侧的材料厚度的差异，或平衡 ，并提供帘布层内的帘线位置。

公开(公告)号：US3906196A

公开(公告)日：1975-09-16

申请号：US40716673

申请日：1973-10-17

Applicant: INDUSTRIAL NUCLEONICS CORP

Inventor： SPITZ DAVID ALLAN

IPC: D21F5/00 ,  F26B25/22 ,  G05B11/10 ,  G05D22/02 ,  G05B11/01

CPC classification number: F26B25/22 ,  D21F5/00 ,  G05B11/10 ,  G05D22/02

Abstract: A feedback system provides control for an actuator in a range of error signals wherein deadband is otherwise frequently provided to reduce noise content of a parameter controlled by the actuator. A signal indicative of the magnitude of the controlled parameter is compared with a setpoint for the controlled parameter to derive an error signal having a magnitude and polarity equal to the difference between the parameter and the setpoint. For error signals within assigned limits, a control signal for the actuator is derived by feeding the error signal to a network which generates an output signal having a magnitude directly proportional to the square of the error signal and a polarity that is the same as the polarity of the error signal. For error signals beyond assigned limits for the error signal, the control signal is linearly related to the error signal.

Abstract translation: 反馈系统提供在一系列误差信号中的致动器的控制，其中通常提供死区以减少由致动器控制的参数的噪声含量。 将指示受控参数的幅度的信号与受控参数的设定值进行比较，以导出具有等于和极性等于参数和设定值之差的幅度和极性的误差信号。 对于分配限制内的误差信号，通过将误差信号馈送到产生具有与误差信号的平方成正比的幅度的输出信号和与极性相同的极性的网络来导出用于致动器的控制信号 的误差信号。 对于误差信号超出分配限值的误差信号，控制信号与误差信号线性相关。

公开(公告)号：US3904338A

公开(公告)日：1975-09-09

申请号：US42967673

申请日：1973-12-28

Applicant: INDUSTRIAL NUCLEONICS CORP

Inventor： STRAUMANIS MARIS

IPC: B29C47/00 ,  B29C47/92 ,  B29C69/02 ,  G05D5/03 ,  B29D7/22

CPC classification number: B29C47/92 ,  B29C47/00 ,  B29C47/0021 ,  B29C47/0038 ,  B29C47/004 ,  B29C47/0054 ,  B29C2947/92085 ,  B29C2947/92152 ,  B29C2947/92438 ,  B29C2947/9258 ,  B29C2947/9279 ,  B29C2947/92933 ,  G05D5/03 ,  B29C51/00

Abstract: An extruder continuously forms a sheet that is intermittently supplied to an intermittently activated, in-line processing station, e.g., a thermoformer. The sheet is supplied to the processing station via a variable accumulator that is adapted to have a rest state immediately prior to the sheet being supplied to the processing station. The extruder includes a screw for feeding material to sheet forming dies at a mouth of the extruder, as well as rolls for taking the sheet material away from the extruder mouth. The rest state time is measured to derive an indication of the take-away speed of the sheet from the mouth relative to the speed with which the sheet moves through the intermittently activated processing station. The activation rate of the processing station is measured, as is the thickness of the sheet after it has reached a set state, prior to passing through the accumulator. In response to the three measurements, the screw and line speeds are controlled so that the sheet thickness is maintained approximately at a setpoint value, and sufficient material is always available to the processing station, and excess material is prevented from piling up at the accumulator.

Abstract translation: 挤出机连续地形成间歇地供应到间歇激活的在线加工站，例如热成型机的片材。 纸张通过可变累加器提供给处理站，该变量累加器适于在将纸张提供给处理站之前立即具有休息状态。 挤出机包括用于将材料供给到挤出机口部的成型模具的螺杆，以及用于将片材从挤出机口取出的辊。 测量休息状态时间以导出片材从口部相对于片材通过间歇激活的处理站移动的速度的取出速度的指示。 在通过蓄电池之前，测量处理站的激活速率以及片材在达到设定状态之后的厚度。 响应于三次测量，控制螺杆和线速度，使得板厚度保持在大约设定点值，并且足够的材料总是对加工台可用，并且防止多余的材料堆积在蓄压器上。

公开(公告)号：US3890078A

公开(公告)日：1975-06-17

申请号：US22210372

申请日：1972-01-31

Applicant: INDUSTRIAL NUCLEONICS CORP

Inventor： STRAUMANIS MARIS A

IPC: B29B7/00 ,  B29C47/00 ,  B29C47/10 ,  B29C47/38 ,  B29C47/92 ,  G05D5/03 ,  B29F3/06

CPC classification number: B29C47/92 ,  B29C47/0009 ,  B29C47/0021 ,  B29C2947/92019 ,  B29C2947/92095 ,  B29C2947/92104 ,  B29C2947/92133 ,  B29C2947/92152 ,  B29C2947/9218 ,  B29C2947/92295 ,  B29C2947/9239 ,  B29C2947/92409 ,  B29C2947/92438 ,  B29C2947/9258 ,  B29C2947/9259 ,  B29C2947/926 ,  B29C2947/92933 ,  B29C2947/92952 ,  G05D5/03

Abstract: Thickness of a sheet produced by an extruder and throughput of the sheet are controlled so that sheet thickness and throughput controls do not interact with each other. In one embodiment, throughput is controlled by the take-away speed of the sheet from the extruder whereby the take-away speed is responsive to a takeaway error derived by comparing a take-away speed measurement with a set point therefor. Speed of a screw feeding material to the extruder is controlled in response to the throughput error signal and an indication of the error between the sheet thickness and a set point value therefor. In a second embodiment, throughput is determined by the screw speed in response to an error between screw speed set point and measured screw speed. Sheet take-away speed, i.e., line speed, is determined in response to the throughput error signal and an error signal derived by comparing measured sheet thickness and a sheet thickness set point.

Abstract translation: 由挤出机生产的片材的厚度和片材的生产量被控制，使得片材厚度和生产量控制器彼此不相互作用。 在一个实施例中，通过片材从挤出机的取出速度来控制通过量，由此，取出速度响应于将取出速度测量与其设定点进行比较而导出的外推误差。 响应于通过量误差信号和板厚度与其设定值之间的误差的指示来控制螺杆进料到挤出机的速度。 在第二实施例中，响应于螺杆转速设定点和测量的螺杆速度之间的误差，通过螺杆速度来确定通过量。 响应于吞吐量误差信号和通过比较测量的片材厚度和片材厚度设定点而导出的误差信号来确定薄片取出速度，即线速度。

公开(公告)号：US3875383A

公开(公告)日：1975-04-01

申请号：US34603473

申请日：1973-03-29

Applicant: INDUSTRIAL NUCLEONICS CORP

Inventor： SOMERVILLE GERALD H ,  STRAUMANIS MARIS A

IPC: G05B15/02 ,  G05D5/03 ,  G07C3/14 ,  G06G7/66 ,  G05B13/02

CPC classification number: G07C3/14 ,  G05B15/02 ,  G05D5/03 ,  Y10S131/905

Abstract: A system for controlling the setpoint for the average value of a material property includes a means for monitoring the property to derive a first signal indicative of the property values. A computer means responds to the first signal to derive second and third signals respectively indicative of the spread of values of the first signal over relatively short and long time intervals. In response to the spread of values indicated by the second signal exceeding a first statistically expected value, based on the number of property values derived from the monitoring equipment over the relatively short time interval, a flag signal is derived. A further flag signal is derived in response to the spread of values indicated by the third signal exceeding a second statistically expected value based on the number of property values derived over a longer time interval. The second statistically expected value changes as the number of samples of the property increases from the time when a particular long term computation cycle began. In response to either of the flag signals being derived, the computation cycles are re-initiated and a change is made in the average value setpoint in response to the difference signal which resulted in the derivation of the flag signal.

Abstract translation: 用于控制材料属性的平均值的设定值的系统包括用于监视该属性以导出指示该属性值的第一信号的装置。 计算机装置响应于第一信号以得到第二和第三信号，分别指示在相对较短和长的时间间隔内第一信号的值的扩展。 响应于由第二信号指示的值超过第一统计预期值的扩展，基于在相对短的时间间隔内从监视设备导出的属性值的数量，导出标志信号。 基于在较长时间间隔上导出的属性值的数量，响应于由第三信号指示的值超过第二统计期望值的值的推导导出另外的标志信号。 第二个统计预期值随着特定长期计算周期开始时的财产样本数量的增加而变化。 响应于导出的任何一个标志信号，重新启动计算周期，并且响应于导致标志信号的导出的差分信号而在平均值设定点中进行改变。

公开(公告)号：US3867283A

公开(公告)日：1975-02-18

申请号：US45379074

申请日：1974-03-22

Applicant: INDUSTRIAL NUCLEONICS CORP

Inventor： HORN JAMES N ,  HOFFMAN DAVID C

IPC: B07C5/36 ,  F03D3/04 ,  B07C5/02

CPC classification number: F03D3/0472 ,  B07C5/361 ,  Y02E10/74

Abstract: Articles, such as cigarettes, are moved successively down a prescribed path past sensing and operating stations. Each article is categorized in respect to a plurality of given characteristics. The category, such as reject, is recorded in a respective cell of an addressable memory. The memory cells are arranged in two sets. Selectively operable selection means directs the category signals corresponding to a respective selected given characteristic into cells of a selected one of the sets. When the article reaches the first of two operating stations, information is read out of the corresponding cell of the first set and utilized to actuate an operating means, as to remove from the path the articles in the reject category for a selected characteristic, such as a light cigarette. The corresponding cell of the second set is then cleared if there was a signal of the selected category, reject, read from the cell of the first set. When an article reaches the second operating station, information is read out of the corresponding cell of the second set and utilized to actuate an operating means, as to remove an article having some other fault from the path.

Abstract translation: 诸如香烟之类的物品在感测和操作站之后依次沿规定的路径移动。 每篇文章都针对多个给定的特征进行分类。 诸如拒绝的类别被记录在可寻址存储器的相应单元中。 存储单元被布置成两组。 可选择地操作的选择装置将对应于各自选择的给定特征的类别信号引导到所选择的一个集合的单元中。 当物品到达两个操作站中的第一个时，从第一组的相应单元读出信息，并将其用于启动操作装置，以便从所述路径中删除用于所选特征的拒绝类别中的物品，例如 一支轻香烟 如果存在所选类别的信号，拒绝，从第一组的单元读取，则第二组的相应单元然后被清除。 当物品到达第二操作站时，从第二组的相应单元读出信息，并用于致动操作装置，从而从路径移除具有其它故障的物品。

公开(公告)号：US3852578A

公开(公告)日：1974-12-03

申请号：US837770

申请日：1970-02-03

Applicant: INDUSTRIAL NUCLEONICS CORP

Inventor： RICE J

IPC: B21B41/12 ,  D21G9/00 ,  G05B13/02 ,  D21D1/20 ,  D21F1/06

CPC classification number: D21G9/0027 ,  B21B41/12 ,  B65H2557/2644 ,  D21G9/0036 ,  G05B13/024 ,  Y10S162/11

Abstract: A controller for a machine or process having a transportation lag is responsive to a signal sampled at time intervals less than the time required for the transportation lag. The sampled signal is fed to a controller which drives the machine prior to completion of the time required for the transportation lag. A negative feedback loop around the controller includes a transfer function indicative of the d.c., steady state response of the machine being controlled and a positive feedback loop indicative of the total transfer function of the machine being controlled, including the transportation lag thereof. A further negative feedback loop is provided between the machine output and the controller input. In a specifically disclosed embodiment, full corrections to errors of moisture and fiber content of a fibrous sheet are made within a transportation lag between a slurry input point of a headbox and scanning gauges located downstream of a dryer.

Abstract translation: 具有运输滞后的机器或过程的控制器响应于以小于运输滞后所需时间的时间间隔采样的信号。 采样信号被馈送到在运输滞后所需时间完成之前驱动机器的控制器。 控制器周围的负反馈环路包括指示所控制的机器的直流，稳态响应的传递函数和指示所控制的机器的总传递函数的正反馈回路，包括其运输滞后。 在机器输出和控制器输入之间提供进一步的负反馈回路。 在具体公开的实施例中，在流浆箱的浆料输入点和位于干燥器下游的扫描计量器之间的运输滞后期间，对纤维片材的水分和纤维含量的误差进行全面校正。

公开(公告)号：US3827808A

公开(公告)日：1974-08-06

申请号：US35860673

申请日：1973-05-09

Applicant: INDUSTRIAL NUCLEONICS CORP

Inventor： CHO B

IPC: G01N21/59 ,  G01N21/86 ,  G01N21/89 ,  G01N21/892 ,  G01N33/34 ,  G01N21/18 ,  G01N21/22 ,  G01N21/30

CPC classification number: G01N21/86 ,  G01N33/346

Abstract: Specifically disclosed is a method and apparatus for measuring the opacity of sheet material, more particularly for measuring the opacity of paper according to the TAPPI contrast ratio definition. A moving sheet of paper from a paper making machine or coater is passed through the gap between a light source and a photodetector. The light transmitted through the paper is passed through a window of opal glass and a bandpass filter before it is received by the photodetector. The opal glass window constitutes a partial reflector having an effective reflectivity between about 20 and 70 percent. This produces multiple reflections between the opal glass and the paper next to it, with sufficient magnitude to compensate the transmittance measurement for the reflectivity of the paper, and thereby automatically corrects the instrument for changes in the composition of the paper. Because of the bandpass filter, the photodetector responds substantially only to light in the visible portion of the spectrum. According to another disclosed arrangement wherein the opal glass window is not used, the instrument is compensated by the use of a second photodetector responsive to light reflected from the side of the paper where the light source is located. Signals from the two detectors are then combined in a simple computer arrangement to obtain a signal which is compensated for the reflectivity of the paper. The compensated signal provided by either of the disclosed arrangements is correlated with opacity in conformance with the TAPPI standard.

Abstract translation: 具体公开了一种用于测量片材的不透明度的方法和装置，更具体地说是用于根据TAPPI对比度定义测量纸张的不透明度。 来自造纸机或涂布机的移动的纸张通过光源和光电检测器之间的间隙。 透过纸张的光在被光电检测器接收之前通过蛋白石玻璃和带通滤光片的窗口。 蛋白石玻璃窗构成具有约20％至70％之间的有效反射率的部分反射体。 这产生了蛋白石玻璃与其旁边的纸之间的多次反射，具有足够的大小来补偿纸的反射率的透射率测量，从而自动校正仪器以改变纸张的组成。 由于带通滤波器，光电检测器基本上仅响应于光谱的可见部分中的光。 根据不使用蛋白石玻璃窗的另一公开的布置，通过使用第二光电检测器来响应于从光源所在的纸侧反射的光来补偿仪器。 然后将两个检测器的信号以简单的计算机布置组合以获得补偿纸的反射率的信号。 由所公开的布置中的任一个提供的补偿信号与符合TAPPI标准的不透明度相关。

公开(公告)号：US3754138A

公开(公告)日：1973-08-21

申请号：US3754138D

申请日：1971-10-07

Applicant: INDUSTRIAL NUCLEONICS CORP

Inventor： KURSTEDT H ,  THOMPSON M

IPC: B29C43/58 ,  B29B15/00 ,  B29C37/00 ,  B29C55/00 ,  B29C65/70 ,  B29C65/78 ,  B29C65/82 ,  B29D30/38 ,  C08J5/04 ,  G01B15/02 ,  G01N23/223 ,  G01T1/16

CPC classification number: G01N23/223 ,  B29D30/38 ,  G01B15/02 ,  G01N2223/076

Abstract: Apparatus and method for measuring the position of a layer disposed within a tire ply, which material contains metallic particles. The inner layer is metal or is coded by providing metallic particles as a tracer material which have a different fluorescence energy from that of the metallic particles present in the tire ply. A source of radiation is directed at the tire ply to cause fluorescence of the layer. Radiation detectors on opposite sides of the tire ply which are sensitive only to the fluorescence energy of the layer, produce signal outputs that are compared to produce a signal which is indicative of the position of the layer within the tire ply.

Abstract translation: 用于测量设置在轮胎帘布层内的层的位置的装置和方法，该材料包含金属颗粒。 内层是金属或通过提供金属颗粒作为跟踪材料来编码，其具有与存在于轮胎帘布层中的金属颗粒的荧光能不同的荧光能量。 辐射源指向轮胎帘布层以引起该层的荧光。 仅对层的荧光能敏感的轮胎帘布层的相对侧上的辐射检测器产生比较的信号输出，以产生指示轮胎帘布层内层的位置的信号。